The 2023 EF English Proficiency (水平) Index (EPI) that measures English language ability worldwide shows a worrying problem about English language proficiency. The index is based on test results from 2.2 million people in 113 countries.
Results were reported for the first time in 2015. Since then, the English proficiency of young people has decreased by 89 points. The EPI defines young people as being 18 to 20 years of age, and it notes that they are mostly stable with big decreases in a few large countries. India, Indonesia and Mexico showed the largest ability decreases among youth.
The report noted that the decrease appears to have taken place when the COVID-19 pandemic impacts normal education. There has been a decrease in Mexico for nearly 10 years. However, working adults, about 26 years old and older, have been improving their English since 2015. It is still widely acknowledged that the value of a shared language is most recognized in the workplace. English creates possibilities for individuals and productivity for organizations.
Results also show a difference between men and women, which is called a gender gap. Men’s English ability has improved by 14 points since 2015, while women’s has decreased by 19 points. The lack of women in international jobs is one reason for the gender gap. But the gender gap among those aged 18 to 25 might demonstrate a problem caused by educational systems themselves or a social problem schools are failing to address.
There are different opinions about why the decrease exists. Many people think artificial intelligence (or AI) tools could also be a key reason. Jeannie Tse is a country manager at EF Hong Kong and Macau. He thinks that while AI has changed the way young people work and learn, the importance of schools, teachers and face-to-face instruction remains. “I don’t believe that AI can completely replace language learning, but educators can use AI to enhance language learning methods,” said Jeannie Tse.
1. Why are working adults trying to improve their English?A.To increase their income and knowledge. |
B.To be involved in better working environment. |
C.To obtain more chances and better working efficiency. |
D.To create a harmonious working environment for themselves. |
A.Most women don’t like international jobs. |
B.Educational systems contribute to the gender gap in English proficiency. |
C.Women’s English proficiency decreases with age. |
D.There widely exists the phenomenon of discrimination against women. |
A.Objective. | B.Positive. | C.Uncertain. | D.Uncaring. |
A.Young People’s Attitudes towards English Vary |
B.English Learning Has Become a Burden Worldwide |
C.Results from a Report Show some Alarming Problems |
D.Young People’s English Language Ability Is Decreasing |
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【推荐1】Slowly, so slowly that we never even noticed how it happened, our family stopped talking to each other. Our own worlds opened up to us through the computer or the cell phone or the CD player.
Family Night was born when Mom called us for dinner. Jessica and I came and sat down. Dad loaded his plate and started to rise from the table.
“Where are you going?” Mom questioned.
“To the living room. I have some work,” Dad replied as he hurried away. Mom’s face got tight, but she said nothing. About two minutes later, my cell phone buzzed. Jessica kept her earphones on during most of the meal. Mom was clearly upset.
Family Night started the next week. Mom established three rules: no phones, no music, and no leaving the table. Everyone would eat together and play a game together “like a real family.”
All seemed to be going according to Mom’s plan until the first buzz of a cell phone. After dinner, we had been playing the board game for only ten minutes when another cell phone let out a shrill scream. This time the phone belonged to my father.
“Work’s calling. I have to answer,” he whispered as he hurried out of the room.
Mom sighed, but she forced a smile and encouraged us to continue with the game. We kept playing through every interruption afterwards: the beeping of Jessica’s phone, the buzz of another text message from Darnell, the soothing voice announcing the arrival of an e-mail on Dad’s computer. When the game was over, Mom released us to our rooms.
That first Family Night was not a success, but Mom soldiered on. Every Monday evening we silenced our electronics and gathered around the table; and each time, setting aside our technological toys became a little easier. The next two months my father would be taking business trips. We wouldn’t be able to have Family Night every Monday.
To my surprise I realized that I would miss those few hours each week when the house was filled with my family’s laughter and conversation. I was also glad to know that when we really wanted to, we could silence the electronic buzz and just be a family again.
1. What led to the start of Family Night?A.Electronics harmed the family’s life. |
B.Heavy housework made Mom angry. |
C.Dad didn’t get along well with others. |
D.The children were too lazy to help Mom. |
A.closer | B.healthier |
C.more relaxed | D.more confident |
A.Tiring but satisfying. | B.Challenging but exciting. |
C.Busy but interesting. | D.Unsuccessful but meaningful. |
A.Dad seldom took business trips |
B.the author enjoyed Family Night |
C.Family Night would not continue |
D.the children threw away the cellphones |
【推荐2】Anxieties (忧虑) about children and reading are not unusual, but news that fewer than half of those aged between 8 and 18 admit to actually enjoying it — the lowest level since 2005 — should raise a red flag. The survey, conducted by the National Literacy Trust ahead of World Book Day last Thursday, also showed a worrying picture of growing inequality.
10% of 3,000 parents interviewed across the UK said they were too stressed to read to their child because of economic pressures. And the percentage doubled among those who described themselves as struggling with financial problems. However, the sales data for the last year, released by an organization called Nielsen BookScan, showed a 15% increase in the overall number of children’s books sold compared with 2019. If poorer families are spending less of the money invested in children’s reading, it follows that richer families must be investing more.
Therefore, what is to be done? At a time of financial stress, libraries have a key role to play. A positive sign that they are doing so came with borrowing figures for last year. Libraries are where children of all ages go to choose books for themselves, different from bookshops, which is always influenced by parents’ budgets and tastes.
This is why the libraries are such an important part of the reading ecology. However, libraries have long been in the frontline (前线) of cuts to public services, especially libraries in schools. While prisons in the UK have libraries, primary schools are not. The result, according to one survey, is that 14% of kids have no library space at all. This disadvantage is more serious in the north of England, where children’s reading scores are lower.
As Children’s Prize winner in 2021, the author Cressida Cowell wrote an open letter to the prime minister, Boris Johnson, calling for an annual investment of £100 million a year in primary school libraries. Her demand should be taken seriously, as it directly meets the needs of children most badly affected by the cost of living crisis.
1. Which statement does the author probably agree with?A.Families with financial problems are on the increase. |
B.Family income influences children’s chance of reading. |
C.Children are not willing to read because of study pressure. |
D.Some UK parents can’t afford the time to read books for children. |
A.They tend to reflect parents’ tastes. |
B.They exist in every prison and school. |
C.They have already got enough financial support. |
D.They promote equality in children’s reading to some extent. |
A.It satisfies all citizens. | B.It will be taken into account. |
C.It offers reasonable advice. | D.It will solve the problem of inequality. |
A.Reading: a Mirror of Economy. | B.Children’s Reading: a Gift for All. |
C.Libraries: the Key to Reading Ability. | D.An Interview: Poor Families Are in Need. |
【推荐3】Sharing E Umbrella, a new umbrella sharing company based in Shenzhen, China, recently announced that it had lost most of the 300, 000 umbrellas since it was set up.
China’s sharing economy has been growing rapidly, with companies offering anything from bicycles and basketballs to phone batteries for people to rent. Customers make a small deposit (押金) and get to use the thing for a daily cost, with a fine put in place for every day if they fail to return the product in time. It’s a simple business model, and market data shows that people see sharing as a cheap and convenient way to cut down waste.
Zhao Shuping founded the Sharing E Umbrella, an umbrella sharing service, in April. By the end of June, he had already started in 11 major Chinese cities, including Shanghai, Nanjing and Guangzhou. While picking up the umbrellas was relatively simple, as they were made available (可得到的) at bus and subway stations, the return system turned out to be a different matter. “Umbrellas are different from bicycles,” Mr. Zhao told Chinese news site ThePaper.cn. “Bikes can be parked anywhere, but with an umbrella you need something to hang it on.”
So instead of bothering to return the umbrellas back to a station, a lot of people just took them home, and Sharing E Umbrella has reportedly lost track of most of the 300,000 umbrellas. Considering that borrowing umbrellas requires a 19 yuan deposit, with a fee of 0.50 yuan per half an hour usage, Zhao says that he suffers a loss of 60 yuan per lost umbrella, so the company is now in the red, but he is not ready to stop it just yet. Zhao announces that Sharing E Umbrella still plans to roll out (推出) 30 million nationwide by the end of the year.
1. What do we know about Sharing E Umbrella?A.It makes people learn to help each other. |
B.It needs people to make a small deposit first. |
C.It developed faster in the western countries. |
D.It produces more waste and causes disorder. |
A.The company had no money to produce umbrellas. |
B.Umbrellas are not allowed to hang anywhere. |
C.Lots of customers didn’t give the umbrellas back. |
D.People refuse to pay deposit for the umbrellas. |
A.0.5 yuan. | B.19 yuan. |
C.60 yuan. | D.120 yuan. |
A.Zhao has found a way to get the umbrellas back |
B.Zhao will continue his umbrella sharing service |
C.Most of Zhao’s companies have been closed |
D.Sharing E Umbrella is a failure for Zhao |
【推荐1】One of the things that we expect from the ocean is is deep blue color that reflects the sky. Scientists at UC San Diego Institution of Oceanography along with scientists at the University of Washington have been experimenting with dyeing (染) the ocean at San Diego beach pink. What could they possibly be up to?
This is being done for a study that examines how freshwater outflows are combining with the ocean surf zone. The experiment is called Plumes in Nearshore Conditions (PiNC).“I’m excited because this research hasn’t been done before and it’s a unique experiment,” said Sarah Giddings, a coastal oceanographer leading the study. “The aim is to understand how freshwater interacts with waves, since it is usually warmer than ocean water and more buoyant (有浮力的).”
The freshwater is dyed pink so that the team can easily keep track of it when freshwater is added to the seawater. The dye is environmentally friendly and is then spotted as it makes progress in the water. It is tracked by sensors on poles that are located along the sand as well as by drones (无人机). There’s also a jet ski with a fluorometer that tracks the light that is given out from the pink dye. The sensors outside of the surf zone record the height of the waves, ocean currents and temperature. There are three planned dye releases as of now, and researchers are hoping that this pink dye experiment will help them record more about how pollutants travel in the ocean water through these additions of freshwater.
Giddings explained: “We’re bringing together different people with different expertise, such that I think it’s going to have some great results and impacts. We’ll combine results from this experiment with an older field study and computer models that will allow us to make progress on understanding how the dyed freshwater spread.”
1. What is the purpose of Plumes in Nearshore Conditions?A.To introduce the benefits of dyeing the ocean. |
B.To study how freshwater combines with seawater. |
C.To prove that freshwater is much warmer than seawater. |
D.To examine the impact of freshwater on the ocean surf zone. |
A.It is easier to be recognized by them. |
B.It can effectively catch the sunlight. |
C.It is the only eco-friendly dye. |
D.It can actively cooperate with sensors. |
A.The time of ocean currents. |
B.The power of the waves. |
C.The change of temperature. |
D.The travel of pollutants. |
A.Build more scientific computer models. |
B.Experiment with dyes of different colors. |
C.Make a further research into the results. |
D.Discuss the results with different experts. |
【推荐2】Much of our health depends on what we eat. We all know about the benefits of eating properly for our physical health, but food - and cooking it - is proving to be good for our mental health as well.
Some people are now advocating the healthful value of cooking food. It’s not just about the end result but the experience someone goes through. Dr Mark Salter, a consultant psychiatrist, told the BBC, “Baking and cooking are good ways to help patients develop planning skills, short-term memory and social skills - all of which suffer in mental illness.” TV chef and author Nadiya Hussain also agrees that cooking is great for improving our mind. She says, “Baking is always about healing... It’s never really been only about getting a cake.” And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialization and mental health.
Certainly, creating some delicious food has helped some of us get through the recent lockdown. It has given us something to do and helped take our mind off annoying things. People say that kneading dough (揉面团) to make bread, for example, has given them a sense of calm and control. Research has shown that doing creative tasks, like cooking, makes us feel happier. Nicole Farmer, who studies how food impacts our biology, behaviour and mental health, says, “cooking represents the shared human experience of food, and nurturing people through food, so I think that’s an opportunity for immediate positive emotions, which benefit our mental health.”
Of course, cooking can be a very sociable activity and a rewarding experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right frame of mind.
1. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To add extra relevant materials. |
B.To summarize the whole passage. |
C.To set an example of healthy eating. |
D.To introduce the topic of the passage. |
A.She bakes something else other than cakes. |
B.The process of baking is also healing and mentally beneficial. |
C.Sharing a cake is important for our socialization. |
D.Baking cakes is not the only way to improve our mind. |
A.By sharing various food. | B.By producing positive emotions. |
C.By developing long–term memory. | D.By taking away sense of control. |
A.Baking is the best way to develop planning skills. |
B.People who suffer mental illness benefit less in cooking. |
C.What you cook matters more than the process of how you cook it. |
D.Cooking with friends or family can relax our mind. |
【推荐3】Anger and sadness are important in life. New research shows that experiencing and accepting such feelings is good.
Positive (积极的) thoughts and feelings are, of course, good for our health. But unpleasant feelings are just as important as the enjoyable ones in helping us understand life’s ups and downs. Negative (消极的) feelings are important because they can tell us that we may have a health problem, or we need to pay attention to other important matters such as friendship.
Instead of avoiding negative feelings, we should accept them. Many people find it helpful to breathe slowly and deeply while learning to accept negative feelings or imagine the feelings as clouds to remind them that they will pass.
If the feelings are very strong, you may want to express how you feel in a diary or to other persons. You may want to tell the friend that her words hurt you or take steps to leave the job that makes you unhappy.
You should pay attention to your breathing and simply acknowledge (承认) any bad thoughts or feelings. This may make it easier to accept unpleasant thoughts.
It is impossible to avoid negative feelings fully, because to live is to experience losing and pain. Therefore, learning how to deal with those feelings is very important.
1. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?A.What positive and negative thoughts and feelings are. |
B.How positive and negative thoughts and feelings influence people. |
C.What we can do to keep negative feelings away. |
D.Both positive and negative thoughts and feelings are important. |
A.Clouds. | B.Negative feelings. |
C.Positive thoughts. | D.Important matters. |
① Breath deeply. ② Talk to others. ③ Write a diary. ④ Avoid the feelings.
A.①②③ | B.②③④ | C.①③④ | D.①②④ |
A.We will experience more bad feelings than the good ones. |
B.Some people will only experience losing and pain in their lives. |
C.We can avoid bad feelings because we can choose to forget them. |
D.Everyone will experience anger and sadness during his lifetime. |
A.Anger and Sadness | B.Ups and Downs |
C.Positive and Negative Ideas | D.Activities in People’s Life |