You may think of me as delicious and nutritious, the sight of me packed into cans of school lunches. But here’s what adults hide from the kids: There’s very little that’s gentle about me. One of the ocean’s fastest fish, I can grow to be 1,500 pounds, and I fetch millions at Japanese fish markets. Forget the “chicken of the sea”. I am the Schwarzenegger of the sea, the strongest and most powerful.
I’m honored in cave paintings dating back to 3000 BC. Coins from 2000 BC feature me on one side. Five years ago, modern Navy scientists confirmed just how perfectly evolved I am for efficient speed: They modeled their new underwater spy drone (无人机), The GhostSwimmer, on me.
How is it that the price of my raw meat ranges from a dollar to a hundred? In fact, the fish you generally call tuna is actually seven species of fish, Bluefin, as the largest, is at the top of the food chain. Along with Bigeye and Yellowfin, it is one of the three most favored tunas by customers. Skipjack, commercially my most important variety, is easier to catch, thus accounting for $18 billion of the $42 billion worth of me that gets sold each year. I can be delicious canned, provided you don’t be mean with the mayo (蛋黄酱) or, for a more heart healthy tuna salad, the olive oil. Considering mercury (汞) levels in canned “light” Skipjack, it’s also recommended that women of childbearing age dine on me in that form no more than once a week.
If you want to do right by the ocean, however, choose troll-caught or pole-and-line-caught tuna. These “one fish, one hook” methods hunt me without nearly as much unwanted fish. Longlines or huge nets, often wipe out entire schools. Don’t forget that getting rid of a top-level fish like me has severe consequences all the way down the food chain.
1. What does the underlined word “fetch” in Paragraph 1 mean?| A．Be eaten up. | B．Go and get. | C．Be sold for. | D．Run out of. |
| A．Tuna’s important role in humans’ life. | B．Tuna’s applications in modern science. |
| C．How tuna evolve over the course of time. | D．Why tuna are the ocean’s fastest fish. |
| A．Skipjack takes up about 42% of the tuna market per year. |
| B．The bigger a tuna fish is, the higher its quality and price. |
| C．Women should have canned tuna less than once a week. |
| D．The big price gap results from different ways to hunt tuna. |
| A．Give me more mayo, I will be healthier. | B．Ouch! The hook hurts me. Net me, please. |
| C．Don’t tell kids I’m not what they think of me. | D．Never wipe me out, or you are inviting trouble. |
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【推荐1】Desperate to protect his farmland from a group of monkeys that were always destroying his crops, a farmer in Karnatakas India decided to paint his dog to look like a tiger in the hope that it would scare the monkeys away.
Srikant Gowda, a farmer from Karnatakas Shivamogga region, recently made interactional news headlines after it was reported that he used hair dye to paint his watchdog in the characteristic stripes of a tiger. The dog already had a reddish hair color, so all he had to do was add the black stripes and some white to give it the tiger look. It wasn't that Gowda had always wanted to own a tiger, but that he hoped the disguise(乔装) would help the dog drive away the monkeys destroying his crops.
The Indian farmer told reporters that he got the idea four years ago when he visited Uttara Kannada and came across a farmer in Bhatkal who was using a fake tiger doll to scare away monkeys. It seemed silly, but he tried the idea himself and was surprised to see that it actually worked. However, he was convinced that the toy tiger wouldn't fool the monkeys for long, so he decided to try something else as well.
The trick, strange as it might seem, has worked well and the dog has been able to actually scare off the monkeys.
This year Gowda not only used hair dye to make his watchdog look like a small tiger, but he also placed large posters of real tigers and his own fake tiger all over his farmland, hoping that they would keep the monkeys at bay. The paint job actually doesn't harm the dog. It’s actually hair dye(染发剂) and lasts up to a month before fading away.
1. What did the fanner decide to do to protect his crops?| A．Raise some tigers | B．Draw a dog like tiger |
| C．Set traps for the monkeys | D．Make up his dog as a tiger. |
| A．From a trip. | B．From a friend |
| C．From a toy. | D．From the Internet |
| A．The dye can do harm to dogs. |
| B．The “paint job” will last for only a month. |
| C．More dogs are likely to be painted like tigers. |
| D．Monkeys will never stop destroying crops. |
| A．Farmer Is Friendly to Animals |
| B．Farmer Is Good at Drawing Tigers |
| C．Farmer Protects His Crops from Animals |
| D．Farmer Paints His Dog as a Tiger to Scare Away Monkeys |
【推荐2】An estimated 70 percent of cats and 60 percent of dogs in the U.S. are overweight or obese, so chances are that your pet needs to lose weight rather than pack on some pounds, It's not always easy to tell if your pet could afford to lose a few, but there are some other signs that can tip you off, One important factor: the waist. ''Most people don't know what a normal cat should look like,'' says Romine. ''But cats should have waists, too, '' The vet says you should be able to feel your pet's ribs (肋骨) through its coat, and when you look down at them, they should have an hourglass (沙漏) shape- just like a person.
''For some overweight pets, you may want to switch to a new food entirely; foods with 'light' or 'healthy weight' labels usually have an increased fiber content to help the dog or cat feel fuller,'' Romine notes. ''Another option is to feed them less of the food they currently eat, '' Freeman suggests. ''Make sure you're reducing table scraps (残羹剩饭) and high-calorie treats like pet biscuits, '' she says.
It's important to figure out what your pet's ideal weight is as you're helping them to lose.Romine advises working with your vet to get the right number, and if you're following the portion guidelines often printed on food labels, feed them the amount of food associated with the weight you want them to be, rather than the weight they currently are .
Food isn't the only factor that can impact your pet's weight. Romine stresses the importance of exercise in keeping your pet healthy. For cats, just 10 minutes of indoor play each day can make a difference. For dogs, letting them out in the backyard to do their business is not enough, You'll have to exercise with your dog to really get it moving.
1. What can we learn about most cats in America from the text?| A．They need to lose weight. | B．They need to be fed more food. |
| C．They need to pack on pounds. | D．They need to be more energetic. |
| A．The food with an decreased fiber. | B．The food from table scraps. |
| C．The food with ''light'' labels. | D．The food with a new label. |
| A．A partner. | B．Protein. |
| C．Pet biscuits. | D．Exercise. |
| A．A biology textbook. | B．A travel brochure. |
| C．A pet magazine. | D．A recipe book. |
【推荐3】Turtles have a habit of eating plastic objects floating in the sea, which may kill them. Many believe that it is because floating plastic bags look similar to jellyfish, which many types of turtles love to eat. However, lots of plastic objects that turtles eat do not look like jellyfish at all. Joseph Pfaller of the University of Florida doubts that the smell of sea micro-organisms (微生物) which live on floating plastic objects attract turtles to eat.
The kind of idea first appeared in 2016. Researchers at the University of California, Davis, noticed that certain chemicals, especially dimethyl sulphide (二甲基硫), which can be found on plastics where micro-organisms live, are those which many seabirds sniff (嗅) to find food. These birds are more likely to eat plastics.
Since turtles usually appear above the sea surface and sniff the air when going to their feeding areas, Dr. Pfaller believed that they are following these same chemicals like those seabirds and mistakenly think that floating plastic objects are edible.
To test that idea, he and his team did an experiment using loggerhead turtles. They exposed 15 turtles to four smells: the smell of clean water; the smell of turtle-feeding food; the smell of a clean plastic bottle; and the smell of a bottle that had been kept in the ocean for five weeks to allow micro-organisms to grow on it. When sniffing both the smell of turtle-feeding food and that of five-week-old bottles, turtles kept their noses out of the water more than three times as long, and took twice as many breaths as they did when sniffing the smell of fresh bottle-plastic or clean water.
Though they have not yet tested whether dimethyl sulphide on the five -week-old bottles cause turtles to cat plastic objects, Dr. Pfaller and his team think it is highly possible.
1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “edible”?| A．pleasing the eyes | B．suitable for use as food |
| C．holding the attention | D．concerned with actual use |
| A．Seabirds prefer the smell of the plastic bottles. |
| B．Seabirds feed on the food similar to the turtles’. |
| C．Seabirds produce a certain micro-organism. |
| D．Seabirds break up the plastics without difficulty. |
| A．To suggest a new way to study turtles. |
| B．To stress the importance of sea protection. |
| C．To explain why plastics attract turtles. |
| D．To present how the experiment develops. |
| A．Education. | B．Entertainment. | C．Science. | D．Health. |
【推荐1】Hipster Greenport: 4 places to eat, shop and visit
Greenport may date back to the 1630s, but it’s feeling pretty of-the-moment right now. Here are four places that embody the old-meets-new energy of the village:
Claudio’s
If you’ve been to Greenport, you can’t miss Claudio’s — it’s where generations of Long Islanders have made a tradition of eating, whether inside the main restaurant or at the floating dock-bar. The new owners have added fresh elements: Baccano Pizza by Nino, which offers a variety of slices and pies until as late as 2 a.m. on Fridays and Saturdays — is right by the dock entrance.
Little Creek Oyster Farm & Market
It’s little spots like this that tell the current Greenport story. There’s no sign or advertising for this tiny house changed from the cabin of an old ship that’s practically hidden down Bootlegger’s Alley near Mitchell Park. But there they are — streams of people who come to enjoy the fresh oysters while drinking local craft beer, with a waterside view.
The Times Vintage
Nostalgia (怀旧) for bygone times runs high in this 1909 building, which once served as the base for the Suffolk Times newspaper. These days, this well-designed shop sells vinyl records (黑胶唱片) and loads of old-fashioned clothing and home decoration items including mid-century highball sets.
Greenport Fire
Heat comes in many forms and several are sold here — hot sauces, cigars and candles. Consult the chalkboard for the current sauce offerings or browse cigars such as a hand-rolled Honduran Leaf by Oscar or the Gurkha Cellar Reserve made with 18-year-aged tobacco.
1. What’s special about Greenport?| A．It is a place full of energy. |
| B．It is a famous port in the world. |
| C．It is a combination of new and old. |
| D．It is a popular place of interest. |
| A．You can enjoy delicious oysters. |
| B．You can buy some old things. |
| C．You can find hand-rolled cigars. |
| D．You can have Baccano Pizza. |
| A．Claudio’s |
| B．Little Creek Oyster |
| C．Greenport Fire |
| D．The Times Vintage |
【推荐2】Plastic baby bottles released microplastics when heated. Should you be worried about its side-effects? We still don’t have enough evidence of health risks posed by microplastic consumptions by infants or adults.
“The last thing we want to do is unduly alarming parents, ”said John Boland, a professor at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland and one of the authors of the Nature Food study. While the health effects of microplastics are still unknown, parents can significantly reduce their infants’ exposure by adding some steps to their bottle preparation routine, Boland said. He recommended letting plastic bottles cool completely after sterilization (消毒) in hot water, then washing them out at least three times with water that’s been allowed to cool to room temperature after being sterilized by boiling. Researchers here also found that plastic teakettles, plastic instant noodle cups and plastic food storage containers all released similarly high levels of microplastics when subjected to heat.
As for what those microplastics may be doing in our bodies, the evidence so far is quite limited and unclear. Schwabl, another professor, pointed to a need for more research into microplastics released from plastic food storage containers, especially when they are subjected to higher temperatures. He noted some research has found microplastics can cause inflammation (发炎) in the organs, while other studies show they do not harm. “The threshold at which they cause problems has not been determined for humans,” Schwabl said. For now, Schwabl agrees we shouldn’t panic. He’s avoiding plastic containers in his daily life— “not so much that I am afraid of the ingestion, but I think thereby I may be contributing to reducing the amount of plastic waste” that makes its way into the environment.
At the moment, there is no need to be afraid, but it is an open question and definitely an unmet need.
1. Which factor counts in the release of microplastics?| A．Temperature. | B．Products. | C．Time. | D．Containers. |
| A．Properly. | B．Extremely. | C．Obviously. | D．Specially. |
| A．Panic. | B．Concerned. | C．Indifferent. | D．Critical. |
| A．By providing the examples. | B．By reasoning the readers. |
| C．By analyzing the figures. | D．By comparing the findings. |
【推荐3】Sleep problems in early childhood may be linked to the development of certain mental health disorders in adolescence, according to a new research.
A study of 7,155 children in the United Kingdom found that waking up frequently during the night and irregular sleep routines as babies and toddlers was linked to psychotic experiences in children aged 12 and 13. Also, children who slept for shorter periods at night were more likely to be associated with borderline personality disorder at ages 11 and 12.
The research, published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry, was the first time possible links between early childhood sleep problems and adolescent psychotic experiences and borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms have been examined.
“We know from previous research that persistent nightmares in children have been associated with both psychosis and borderline personality disorder,” said lead author Isabel at the Institute of Mental Health at the University of Birmingham.
“But nightmares don’t tell the whole story. We’ve found that, in fact, a number of behavioral sleep problems in childhood can point towards these problems in adolescence,” she said.
Adolescence, typically defined as the ages between 10 and 19, is a key period in human development because of brain and hormonal changes, and it is now thought to be when many mental health problems start.
Prior research in Australia found that babies with persistent severe sleep problems in their first year were at greater risk for anxiety and emotional issues in later childhood. Sleep problems in children and adolescents have been shown to predict the development of various emotional and behavioral problems, including depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, risk-taking and aggression. However, findings have been inconsistent, especially when based on objective measurements of sleep, rather than parental reports.
Sleep and mental health are closely connected in adults, with sleep problems increasing the risk for developing particular mental illnesses as well as resulting in mental health issues.
1. What can we know from paragraph 3?| A．Childhood sleep problems probably cause youth mental health problems. |
| B．Severe sleep problems in childhood lead to emotional issues. |
| C．Persistent nightmares in children are closely related to psychosis. |
| D．The research has not been known to the public. |
| A．Adolescence. | B．Key period. | C．Human development | D．Hormonal change. |
| A．grow slowly | B．develop attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| C．do badly in lessons | D．suffer from anxiety |
| A．A Study About Childhood Sleep Problems Is Under Progress |
| B．Pay Attention to Children Who Lack Sleep |
| C．Childhood Sleep Issues Linked to Adolescent Mental Health Problems |
| D．How to Help Children Develop a Good Sleep Habit |
