Hundreds of hours of survey footage has revealed a rare mammal in the south-west of Rio Grande do Sul state in Brazil. Wildlife camera traps have recorded footage of a giant anteater(食蚁兽) wandering through scrubland in Espinilho State Park in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is the first time since the 1890s that this large mammal has been seen in the southwest of the state. Experts think the anteater came from Ibera National Park in Argentina, where a major re wilding project has been underway since 2007.
The anteater was spotted by Brazilian biologist Fabio Mazim as he was reviewing hundreds of hours of footage for a wild if e survey. “The animal seems to be in very good condition and established in the area,” says Mazim. “At the moment it is impossible for us to determine whether it is male or female, one or even several different individuals.”
According to WWF Brazil, the species was once present in all Brazilian states. It is now threatened with extinction in all regions of the country and has been lost from some states entirely. The main causes of the population decline are the damage and loss of occupied zone, hunting, road accidents and forest fires.
Giant anteaters were first l reintroduced to I bera National Park in 2007 by Rewilding Argentina. Since the start of the project, 110 anteaters orphaned by road accidents or illegal hunting have been released, and several generations now live in Ibera Wetlands. The discovery in Rio Grande do Sul state, along with additional sightings over a 100 km range, suggests that Ibera’s giant anteaters are colonizing other regions.
For the next stage of the project, researchers will try to find out if there are more individuals in the area, and determine what their favoured habitat(栖息地) is. “We intend to seize the individual sighted in Espinilho State Park, collect biological samples (样本) for genetic analysis, and compare them with the populations that exist elsewhere in Brazil.” says Flavia Miranda, a biologist who has been studying the species for 25 years.
1. How was the giant anteater discovered?A.Through cooperation with WWF Brazil. |
B.Through a wild adventure in Espinilho State Park. |
C.By catching the animal for a bioresearch. |
D.By examining picture recording for a wildlife survey. |
A.Lack of genetic variety. |
B.Loss of living areas and natural disasters. |
C.Climate change and natural destruction. |
D.Competition for resources with other species. |
A.A major rewilding project by Re wilding Argentina. |
B.The establishment of a protected area for anteaters |
C.A reproductive program focused on prisoned anteaters |
D.An anti-hunting campaign sponsored by WWF Brazil. |
A.Releasing the giant anteater back into the wild after a health check. |
B.Shifting the giant anteater to Ibera National Park for further studies. |
C.Trapping the giant anteater to compare genetic samples with other populations in Brazil. |
D.Observing the giant anteater from a distance to understand its behavior better. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】A shark that walks in water instead of swimming might sound like a creature straight out of a science fiction thriller. However, that is precisely how the four new species of the fish-found in the tropical waters of Northern Australia-move across the seafloor. The unique ocean animals were discovered by a team of scientists, led by Dr Christine Dudgeon from Australians University of Queensland, during a 12-year-old global conservation study.
The newly-found sharks have all evolved to survive in low oxygen environments, enabling them to hunt during low tides. The researchers believe their ability to use their fins to walk across the water affords the sharks substantial advantage over the unsuspecting smaller animals they prey on .
“Though they are super hunters in their shallow habitat, the tiny sharks are harmless to humans," says Dudgeon. "At less than a meter long on average, walking sharks present no threat to people. They're incredibly cute little animals and are really more like gecko than a shark.”
A DNA analysis of skin samples from the sharks suggests that walking sharks broke away from their brothers and sisters about nine million years ago and became a distinct species. Though that may appear to be a long time ago, it is relatively recent given that sharks have been around for more than 400 million years. In fact, Dudgeon and her team believe walking sharks are the youngest kind of sharks on Earth!
The researchers, who published their findings in The Marine and Freshwater Research journal on January 21, 2020, say that the sharks' small numbers and shallow habitat make them extremely vulnerable to natural disasters and overfishing. Three of the nine walking shark species , all of which live in the waters off Northern Australia, eastern Indonesia, and near the island of New Guinea, are currently on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, which lists species at risk. Dudgeon and her team believe sensible conservation management plans are urgently needed to protect the walking sharks and other endangered animals from further threats.
1. What is the most noticeable feature of the newly-found sharks?A.They are cute and harmless to humans. | B.They can survive in their shallow habitat. |
C.They walk on their fins across the seafloor. | D.They are the youngest kind of sharks on Earth. |
A.The evolution of the sharks. | B.The behavior of the sharks. |
C.The population of the sharks. | D.The DNA samples of the sharks. |
A.Adjusting the methods of fishing. | B.Putting the sharks on the Nature Red List. |
C.Changing the sharks' living environments. | D.Adopting necessary measures to protect the sharks. |
A.A film guide. | B.A fashion magazine. |
C.A news report. | D.A science fiction. |
【推荐2】Elephants in Uganda are starting to come close to villages near national parks. The big animals are a real danger to people.
So, the Uganda Wildlife Authority has been giving people new tools to keep the elephants away: vuvuzelas. They are plastic instruments some fans use at sports events.
The instruments make a loud sound elephants do not like. The animals leave, and no one is harmed. A spokesperson for the Uganda Wildlife Authority says vuvuzelas work because they do not threaten the elephants. That is important because an elephant that feels threatened is more likely to attack. So far, no one has reported an elephant attacking in answer to a vuvuzela.
Officials and villagers have tried other ways to stop elephants from coming near farms and houses. They have built beehives — houses for flying insects that sting. They have hung ropes covered in spicy oil. They have dug long, deep holes. And they have used guns, called A-K47s.
An official from the Uganda Wildlife Authority explains that people shoot the gun in the air to scare the elephant. But over time, the elephants have stopped being afraid of the sound of the gun. They only look at the shooter and wave their ears.
Another official for the Uganda Wildlife Authority, Gessa Simblicious, says one elephant-prevention solution will not work everywhere in Uganda. And one day, elephants may accept the vuvuzela noise, just as they do the sound of the A-K47.
But right now, vuvuzelas are an effective, non-violent and fun way to deal with a serious problem.
1. What’s vuvuzelas?A.New tools some fans use at sports events. |
B.New tool to save the elephants. |
C.Plastic instruments to keep the elephants away. |
D.Plastic instruments to threaten the elephants. |
A.Vuvuzelas work because they do not threaten the elephants. |
B.An elephants will attack human being in answer to a vuvuzela, |
C.Villagers have no way to stop elephants. |
D.The elephants are always afraid of the sound of the gun. |
A.shoot the elephants away |
B.let the elephants stop being afraid of the sound |
C.avoid the elephants hurting people |
D.scare the elephants to leave the village |
A.elephants are not afraid of vuvuzelas |
B.vuvuzelas can not stop elephants |
C.vuvuzelas can solve this serious problem forever |
D.elephants are used to the sound of vuvuzelas now |
【推荐3】It’s been a roller coaster ride for pets during the pandemic (疫情). All of a sudden, their families were home 24/7. While people got fascinated with cleaning, baking, and keeping themselves entertained, curious dogs and cats sometimes ended up getting hurt by these new habits.
The increase in these new pastimes saw a corresponding increase in the number of pandemic-related pet poisonings. “Our call volume has more than doubled since pre-pandemic. This is likely due to several factors including pets getting into more things at home simply because their people are doing more things at home,” says Dr. Ahna Brutlag. “Overall chocolate still remains our number one toxin (毒质), at least for dogs, but we were surprised to see how each of those listed increased relative to pre-pandemic times. We regularly see these types of cases, but we saw a surge of them during the pandemic.”
Although many pet owners look for eco-friendly cleaning products to keep their pets safe, there was a 92% increase in pet poisonings from cleaning products. Besides using eco-friendly cleaning products, there are things you can do to keep your pets safe at home, pandemic or not. “Pets are like kids. They are opportunists and will readily consume items left around the house,” Brutlag says. She suggests that pet owners think about pet-proofing their homes in the same way that parents kid-proof their homes in order to keep dogs and cats from getting into things that can hurt them. “Also, don’t underestimate how good their noses are and how high they can jump! They are experts at smelling food on a countertop and then finding a way to access it,” Brutlag says.
And if you think that your pet has had something potentially dangerous, reach out to your veterinarian or the helpline quickly. In potential poisoning cases, she points out, time is critical.
1. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A.Pets prefer to play the roller coaster ride. |
B.Working at home is a fashionable tendency. |
C.The changes of people’s life style influence pets. |
D.It’s hard for people and pets to live harmoniously. |
A.Sharp decline. | B.Sudden increase. |
C.Steady balance. | D.Rapid change. |
A.Eco-friendly cleaning products can keep pets safe. |
B.Dogs and cats are usually under their owners’ control. |
C.Protecting pets is more difficult than protecting kids. |
D.Food is easily accessible to pets at home. |
A.Pets need more love and care. | B.Pet poisonings increase at home. |
C.A survey on pets during the pandemic. | D.People’s fascinations with housework. |
【推荐1】Europeans got more of their electricity from renewable sources than fossil fuels for the first time last year, according to an annual report from Ember and Agora Energiewende.
The report, which has been tracking European Union’s power sector since 2015, found that renewables delivered 38% of electricity last year, compared to 37% delivered by fossil fuels.
The shift comes as other sources, such as wind and solar power, have risen in the European Union. Both sources have nearly doubled since 2015, and as of last year accounted for one-fifth of electricity generation in EU countries, the report found. It’s also the reason why coal power declined 20% last year, making up only 13% of electricity generated in Europe.
“Rapid growth in wind and solar has forced coal into decline, but this is just the beginning,” said Dave Jones, senior electricity analyst for Ember and lead author on the report, in a statement. “Europe is relying on wind and solar to ensure not only coal is phased out by 2030, but also to phase out gas generation, replace closing nuclear power plants, and to meet rising electricity demand from electric cars and heat pumps.”
Last year’s COVID-19 lockdown measures resulted in less demand for electricity across the globe. European demand decreased by 4% in 2020, according to the report, which said COVID trends had no effect on the growth of renewable energy sources. Since 2015, Europe’s electricity emissions recorded a historic decline, becoming 29% cleaner, the report noted.
The milestone follows commitments from EU leaders last month to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 55% from 1990 levels by 2030. In the United States, their counterparts (同身份的人) successfully developed renewable energy to overtake coal consumption in recent years. Last May, renewable energy sources were consumed more than coal for the first time since 1885.
“Post-pandemic economic recovery must not slow down climate action,” said Patrick Graichen, director of Agora Energiewende, in a statement. “We therefore need strong climate policies — such as in the Green Deal — to ensure steady progress.”
1. What happened in EU countries according to the first three paragraphs?A.The use of renewables declined by 38% last year. |
B.20% of electricity was generated by renewables last year. |
C.Fossil fuels were no longer used to generate electricity. |
D.Coal power made up just 13% of electricity generation last year. |
A.Cutting greenhouse gas emissions forced coal into decline. |
B.Coal consumption is phased out due to rapid growth in wind and solar. |
C.More nuclear power plants should be built to meet electricity demand. |
D.Fossil fuels will eventually be abandoned in European countries. |
A.The demand for renewables decreased across the globe. |
B.Electricity consumption dropped to a historic record. |
C.The growth in wind and solar power was hardly influenced. |
D.The economy was making steady progress. |
A.To compare renewable sources with fossil fuels. |
B.To report on electricity generation in Europe. |
C.To emphasize recovery in post-pandemic era. |
D.To advocate strong climate policies in Europe. |
【推荐2】A six-year-old longing to keep a unicorn in her backyard figured she’d get the hard part out of the way first.
Last November, Madeline wrote a letter to the Los Angeles County Department of Animal Care and Control with a straightforward request. “Dear LA County, I would like your approval if I can have a unicorn in my backyard if I can find one. Please send me a letter in response.”
Director Mayeda replied two weeks later. The department does in fact license unicorns, she said, undercertain conditions. Those include polishing the unicorn’s horn at least once a month with a soft cloth, feeding it watermelon at least once a week, covering it with only nontoxic and biodegradable sparkles and giving it regular access to sunlight, moonbeams, and rainbows. And, because unicorns are indeed very rare to find, the department is also giving Madeline a toy unicorn to keep her company during her search, as a token of appreciation.
“It is always rewarding to hear from young people who thoughtfully consider the requirements of providing a loving home for animals,” Mayeda wrote in the letter. “I like your sense of responsible pet ownership to seek permission in advance to keep a unicorn in Los Angeles County.”
Mayeda told the Washington Post that this is the first time the department has received a request for a license for a unicorn or any mythical creature. They were impressed with the first grader for wanting to ask permission in the first place, and doing her research to work out how to go about that. She and her colleagues deal with a lot of “life-and-death” issues on the job, whether that’s seeing cases of animal abuse or animals hurting people or making decisions about having to put down dangerous or sick animals. So Madeline’s letter has considerably brightened their spirits, and she is due to visit the department this week to discuss her unicorn license application. Safe to say, she’s in for a magical surprise.
1. Why did Madeline write the letter?A.To apply to visit a unicorn. | B.To learn to provide animal care. |
C.To ask permission to keep a pet. | D.To figure out how to find a unicorn. |
A.Madeline’s application was disapproved. |
B.Guidance was given for Madeline’s search. |
C.Madeline was presented with a live unicorn. |
D.Requirements should be met for the license. |
A.Strict. | B.Loving. | C.Sensitive. | D.Realistic. |
A.It is the first application letter for a pet. |
B.Madeline puts great effort into her dream. |
C.Animal protection is a life-and-death issue. |
D.The department often deals with tough issues. |
【推荐3】One of India’s longest and strongest heat waves in decades, with temperatures reaching 123°F (51° C) has killed at least 36 lives since it began in May, and the government has warned that the suffering might continue as the arrival of monsoon (季风) rains has been delayed.
India’s heat waves have grown particularly strong in the past decade, killing thousands of people and affecting an increasing number of states. This year, the extreme temperatures have struck large parts of northern and central India.
Anup Kumar Srivastava, an expert at India’s National Disaster Management Authority, said the number of Indian states hit by heat waves was expected to grow to 23 this year from 9 in 2015. He said, “This year, the number of heat wave days has also increased — and it’s not just day temperatures, night temperatures have also been high.” He added that the coming storms would bring down temperatures in some areas, but that heat waves might pick up again until the monsoon rains arrive.
India’s Meteorological Department warns that extreme heat brings a very high likelihood of developing heat illness and heat stroke in all ages. Medical authorities have canceled leaves for doctors at hospitals in Churu as the number of patients has soared. Schools in central India have remained closed.
In the capital, New Delhi, temperatures reached a record 118.4°F (45°C) on Monday, June 10. Clouds on Tuesday promised rain, but largely failed to deliver. Dust storms the next day lowered temperatures to around 100 °F (38°C).
Heat records around the world are more likely to be broken as average temperatures climb upward because of rising greenhouse gas emissions.
1. Why might India’s heat waves continue according to the government?A.Because clouds have failed to gather. |
B.Because there are fewer dust storms. |
C.Because temperatures stay high day and night. |
D.Because monsoon rains have come later than usual. |
A.Stayed low. | B.Increased sharply. |
C.Remained the same. | D.Decreased slightly. |
A.Dry. | B.Cloudy. | C.Rainy. | D.Cool. |
A.India has Become the Hottest in History. |
B.Heat Records Around the World Are Broken. |
C.36 Died in India with Temperature Shooting up to 123°F. |
D.Indian Government Took Measures to Handle Heat Waves. |