Xia’s death is warning to other students. A new rule went into effect on January 1, 2006. Teens are not allowed to buy or drink alcohol. Shops are not allowed to sell it to them.
A 1999 Chinese law forbade (禁止) shops to sell alcohol to youths under 18. But it is not taken seriously by shopkeepers because it doesn’t have specific rules. People hope the new rule will work.
I tasted alcohol when having the dinner of the last New Years Eve, said Lian Yuqi, a 16-year-old girl in Xiamen. She believes that the new rule will stop teens from drinking and help them grow in a healthy way.
Although it may be a little disappointing not to have beer at parties, I think we can have soft drinks instead, she said.
1. Xia Min died from alcohol at the age of ______.
A.15 | B.16 | C.17 | D.18 |
A.a warning sing | B.a shopkeeper |
C.the new rule | D.a 1999 Chinese law |
A.it is against the new rule for youths under 18 to drink alcohol |
B.shops can sell alcohol to a 16 years old youth. |
C.without an ID card, young people cant buy alcohol |
D.it seems that the young girl, Liang Yuqi, likes to drink alcohol |
A.The new rule has worked very well. |
B.Shopkeepers can sell alcohol to teens above 18. |
C.Chinas legal drinking age is clearly under18. |
D.Many teens drink alcohol to show theyve grown up. |
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【推荐1】Spring soccer season is under way, and many youth leagues are playing under new safety rules. In November, the US Soccer Federation said that players on its teams who are 10 or younger are no longer allowed to head the ball Players ages 11 to 13 have limits on how often they can practice heading. The new rules are made to prevent kids from getting concussions (脑震荡)—injuries caused by a blow to the head that shakes the brain. Common problems include headaches and dizziness. Severe concussions can lead to long brain damage.
Heading the ball can be one of the riskiest parts of soccer. Sometimes the force of hitting the ball with their heads gives players concussions. But more often, players receive concussions when they accidentally knock heads with other players and hit their heads on the grass. “More concussions happen during the act of heading than any other action in soccer,” explains Dr. Robert Cantu, an expert on brain injuries.
So far, the new rules are made only to teams that are part of the US Soccer Federation. But the group says it hopes other leagues will soon follow its example.
Former US soccer star Brandi Chastain is one of the leaders of the activity to ban heading in youth soccer. She applauds the rule change. Last month, Chastain showed her determination of learning more about the effects of heading when she promised to donate her brain to science after she dies.
“If there’s any information to be gathered on the study of someone like me,who has played soccer for 40 years, it feels like my responsibility,” Chastain told The New York Times.
1. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A.Players needn’t take the risk of heading the ball in soccer. |
B.All of the players, headaches result from hitting heads on the grass. |
C.Players must receive concussions when knocking heads with other players. |
D.The act 0f heading can cause more concussions than other actions in soccer. |
A.Unconcerned. | B.Positive. |
C.Negative. | D.Doubtful. |
A.Brandi Chastain suffers from very severe concussions |
B.concussions caused by heading the ball can not be healed |
C.Brandi Chastain is willing to devote herself to the security of soccer players |
D.the new rules in soccer have been carried out among all of the American leagues |
【推荐2】Las Vegas city in Nevada is built in a desert. The city may be known to the world for its partying. But officials have found that there are 21 square kilometers of useless grass. The grass is never laid on, played on or even stepped on. The grass is only there to look nice.
Now, the city is asking the Nevada state legislature (立法机构) to ban useless grass. It is trying to become the first place in America to ban that kind of grass often seen between streets, in housing developments and in office parks.
Useless grass nearly makes up 40% of all the grass in Las Vegas and it needs lots of water to survive. Grass needs four times more water than dry climate plants. By tearing out the grass, the city could reduce yearly water usage by 15%.
In 2003, the Southern Nevada Water Authority banned developers from planting grass in front of new homes. It also offered homeowners $30 for each square meter of grass they tear out. But fewer people are now using the program. Water usage has increased here by 9% since 2019. And last year, Las Vegas set a record of 240 days without major rainfall. The Colorado River provides much of Nevada’s drinking water. The river could lose more water as climate change affects it.
Water officials in other dry cities said water usage needs to be reduced. But they fear the reaction to reforms like the ones in Las Vegas if their communities do not accept them. Cynthia Campbell is the water resources adviser for the city of Phoenix in Arizona. “The city restrictions (限制) may get too hard for some residents (居民). They’ll say that is the point of no return for them,” Campbell said. “For some people, it’s a pool. For some people, it’s grass.”
1. Why does Las Vegas city try to ban useless grass?A.To protect the local people. | B.To beautify the city. |
C.To reduce water usage. | D.To reduce waste. |
A.Allowing planting grass before new houses. |
B.Awarding those who reduced water usage. |
C.Praising those who signed on the program. |
D.Encouraging the residents to tear out grass. |
A.Many residents won’t follow the ban. |
B.Reaction to the reform will vary personally. |
C.Water officials should consider many factors. |
D.Other measures should be taken to protect water. |
A.Las Vegas Plans to Ban Useless Grass |
B.A Method Is Adopted to Save Las Vegas |
C.Choices between Beauty and Practice |
D.Grass Is Important but Useless in Las Vegas |
【推荐3】Many cities and towns have laws that require people to recycle paper and plastics. Now some state and local governments have passed laws that require citizens to recycle their food waste as well. California and Vermont have statewide laws about recycling food waste that apply to businesses and homes. The process of recycling food waste and turning it into usable soil is called composting (堆制肥料).
Food waste that can be composted includes fruit and vegetable peels, coffee grounds, tea bags, and eggshells. Garden waste such as stems and leaves can also be composted. Meat, fish, and dairy food waste cannot be recycled.
According to environmental groups, composting reduces the amount of trash going into landfills, and composted waste holds a wide range of nutrients (营养物). When compost is added to the soil in gardens and fields, it helps crops grow.
Reducing the amount of waste that goes into landfills is one reason why cities and states are passing food-waste recycling laws. “Our landfills are far from enough for the creation of new ones is shrinking.” Renee Crowley, a project manager at the Lower East Side Ecology Center in New York City, told TFK.
Officials in Seattle, Washington, say that food waste makes up 30% of the trash going into landfills, and they are looking to reduce that percentage. That city has a law requiring people to recycle food waste. It is banned from all garbage. There is a fine (罚款) for people who put it into regular garbage.
Those who are against food-recycling laws say that the composting process is costly. In addition, it can be difficult for people who live in apartments to store their waste because they don’t have access to outside storage bins. Patti Ferguson from Orange County, California, told her local newspaper that she thought an indoor container containing food waste would get smelly.
1. What do we know about composting from the text?A.Leaves can’t be reused. | B.Not all food waste can be composted. |
C.It is cheap to compost food waste. | D.It is usually processed in empty landfills. |
A.Benefits of recycling food waste. | B.Ways of keeping nutrients in the soil. |
C.Ways of reducing the amount of trash. | D.Examples of different useful nutrients. |
A.acceptable | B.shameful | C.required | D.illegal |
A.Thankful. | B.Negative. | C.Uncaring. | D.Supportive. |
【推荐1】Anyone watching the Winter Olympics in Beijing, China over the last few days has seen lots and lots of snow-man-made snow. Since the area gets little natural snow, this is the first time the Winter Olympics is taking place on almost 100% artificial snow.
This year’s Winter Olympics is being held in Beijing, China, and in two areas northwest of Beijing, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou. The areas get cold in the winter, but they don’t get a lot of snow. That’s because they’re not far from the Gobi Desert, and are generally very dry.
That meant some serious changes were needed to hold the Winter Olympics there. China took water from a reservoir which helps supply Beijing’s drinking water and sent it to a nearby river. To carry the water to the mountains for making snow, the country ran miles and miles of pipes. China says making the snow took about 49,000 gallons of water. Outside experts say it probably took a lot more water than that.
China hired an Italian company called TechnoAlpin to create the snow. TechnoAlpin created artificial snow at several earlier Winter Olympics. For the snow in this year’s Olympics, TechnoAlpin laid over 40 miles (64 kilometers) of pipe and brought in hundreds of snow-making machines. Even with all of those machines, making the snow for this year’s Games took seven weeks.
In recent years, it has become more and more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events. That’s true even in places that used to have a lot of snow naturally. Some artificial snow was used in the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014 because of warm weather. In the 2018 Games in Pyeongchang, South Korea, roughly 90% of the snow was man-made. As the world warms because of climate change, problems like this are expected to become far more common. Michael Mayr, who leads TechnoAlpin in Asia, says, “You could not have winter sports now without man-made snow.”
1. Why artificial snow is needed for the Winter Olympics in Beijing?A.Because it’s not cold enough in the area. |
B.Because there is little water in the air in the area. |
C.Because the world climate changes. |
D.Because the competitors perform better on artificial snow. |
A.Sending water to a river is the first step. |
B.Taking water from a reservoir is the second step. |
C.Before arriving at mountains, water is sent through pipes. |
D.By using pipes, water won’t be wasted. |
A.The places that have much natural snow don’t need artificial snow. |
B.With proper preparing work, it doesn’t take much time to make artificial snow. |
C.TechnoAlpin has lots of experience to make artificial snow. |
D.Experts have calculated the exact amount of water needed to make artificial snow. |
A.Opposed. | B.Unconcerned. | C.Enthusiastic. | D.Objective. |
【推荐2】The Great Barrier Reef's outlook remains “very poor” despite coral (珊瑚) recovery over the past year, Australian government scientists said Monday, just days before a UNESCO ruling on the site's world heritage (遗产) status.
The United Nations cultural agency recommended last month that the world's largest reef (珊瑚礁) system be placed on its endangered list because of damage to the corals largely caused by climate change.
The Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) said the corals were now in a “recovery window” after a decade of harmful heat stress and cyclones (旋风). But such opportunities were becoming rarer due to the influence of climate change, the government agency, which has monitored the reef for 35 years, said in its annual report released today. “The increasing emergence of climate-related extreme weather events and starfish outbreaks is causing more severe and frequent pressures, giving the reef fewer opportunities like this to recover,”CEO Paul Hardisty said. The scientists surveyed 127 reef sites in 2021 and found hard coral cover had increased at 69 of the 81 locations surveyed in the past two years.
Separate scientific research released last October found the 2, 300-kilometre (1, 400 miles) system had lost half its corals since 1995, with a series of ocean heatwaves causing mass coral death.
Britta Schaffelke, research program director at AIMS, said the latest findings provided a slight hope that the reef still has the power of recovering. But she added that its future is still very poor because of the dangers of climate change and other factors that are affecting the reef.
UNESCO has urged Australia to take urgent climate action but the government has long resisted calls to commit to net zero emissions (排放) by 2050. The government has said it hopes to meet the target “as soon as possible” without harming its economy, insisting dealing with climate change requires a global effort. The reef was worth about US $4. 8 billion a year in tourism for the Australian economy and there are fears that an “in danger” listing could weaken its tourist appeal.
1. What is the major cause of the damage to the corals?A.The climate change. | B.Lack of money. |
C.Over development. | D.Too many tourists. |
A.The result of the survey. |
B.The efforts AIMS has made. |
C.The slight chance of the recovery. |
D.The terrible situation of the climate. |
A.Unclear. | B.Positive. |
C.Intolerant. | D.Anxious. |
A.Australia wants to put the reef on the endangered list. |
B.The Australian government has ignored UNESCO's demand. |
C.Australia hopes to keep a balance between emission target and its economy. |
D.The Australian government refuses to take its share of responsibility of climate change. |
【推荐3】After a relaxing July day at the Jersey Shore in 2021, Jessica Reeder and her two children headed home to Philadelphia. As they reached Pennsylvania, they were greeted with a yellow-gray sky. It reminded Reeder of what she often saw in Southern California in her childhood when wildfires were burning.
In North America, most large wildfires occur in the western states and Canada. But smoke generated in the West doesn’t stay there. It tends to travel east. Within days, it can dirty the air in the Midwest and even East Coast towns. Today, most asthma (哮喘)-related US deaths and emergency-room visits from wildfire smoke occur in eastern cities.
The big problem comes from tiny aerosols (气溶胶) ― bits of ash, and other droplets in the air. Scientists refer to this mix as particulate matter, or PM.
The smaller the PM is, the longer it can stay in the air. And the longer it floats, the farther it can travel. The especially worrisome sizes are known as PM2.5. These bits are no more than 2.5 micrometers wide. That’s about one-thirtieth the width of a human hair. These aerosols are so small that they can be breathed deeply into the lungs. PM2.5 has been linked with breathing-related injury and heart disease.
Over the last few decades, US clean-air laws have set limits on emissions (排放) of PM from industrial sources. That has helped clean the air in many cities. But these rules don’t cover PM from wildfire smoke. Recent studies have shown that aerosols from wildfires may be more poisonous than industrial sources of these pollutants.
So far, much of the science on how wildfire PM2.5 can sicken people has focused on people exposed to smoke near fires in the US West. Now, researchers are turning their attention to how this smoke may be affecting people as far away as the East Coast. With climate change increasing the intensity and frequency of wildfires, people across North America need to be more concerned about the health impacts of this smoke.
1. Why does the author tell Jessica Reeder’s story?A.To lead in the topic. | B.To praise her performance. |
C.To remember a friend. | D.To introduce a nice scene. |
A.The classification of PM. | B.The treatment for asthma. |
C.The harm of tiny aerosols. | D.The characteristics of PM. |
A.It cut down on PM from wildlife smoke. |
B.It reduced industrial emissions by law. |
C.It encouraged people to work from home. |
D.It stopped wildfire smoke travelling east. |
A.Wildfire Smoke Poses Health Risks in North America |
B.Wildfires Are Burning Out of Control in the US |
C.Why Do Large Wildfires Occur in the Eastern US? |
D.How Do Wildfires Affect the Western US Cities? |