Many of Gershwin’s songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City. These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. Many of his songs have remained popular as ever. Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.
In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music. Could jazz, some people asked, be considered serious music? In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music. Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it. And in that short time, he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue. Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.
In 1928, Gershwin went to Paris. He applied to study composition(作曲)with the well-known musician Nadia Boulanger, but she rejected him. She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz-influenced style. While there, Gershwin wrote An American in Paris. When it was first performed, critics(评论家)were divided over the music. Some called it happy and full of life, to others it was silly and boring. But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States. It still remains one of his most famous works.
George Gershwin died in 1937, just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer. He was only thirty-nine years old. Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages. People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.
1. Many of Gershwin’s musical works were .A.written about New Yorkers |
B.composed for Paul Whiteman |
C.played mainly in the countryside |
D.performed in various ways |
A.He created one of his best works. |
B.He studied with Nadia Boulanger. |
C.He argued with French critics. |
D.He changed his music style. |
A.Many of Gershwin’s works were lost. |
B.The death of Gershwin was widely reported. |
C.A concert was held in memory of Gershwin. |
D.Brain cancer research started after Gershwin’s death. |
A.Talented and productive. |
B.Serious and boring. |
C.Popular and unhappy. |
D.Friendly and honest. |
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【推荐1】In the past, music recording was primitive. A recording engineer placed microphones in front of instruments. The producer pressed record and signaled the band to play. There was a human touch to recordings, and this way of recording gave rock music its raw edge. But here we are today. Complex and advanced audio software sits in every recording studio. The higher cost and greater practicality make creating digital music common.
However, the modern recordings aren’t beneficial to a rock record. Let’s not forget, being in a band is laborious. You need like-minded musicians to rehearse for hours on end. Nowadays, this isn’t a necessity.
Programming drums on a computer is as simple as filling cells on a spreadsheet, and there you have it, a drumbeat. Only a few professionals are aware that they aren’t listening to true live drums. Such tech is even accessible on your smartphone. Whether on a train or in a bedroom, you can create a full band track without a live band.
What happened to rock music? With pop and hip hop dominating the charts, it feels like the time for bands is over. Is rock music really dying out? Is it really on its last legs, or are we just not trying hard enough?
Artists, inspired by the great rock bands, seek to put their own spin on this classic genre. The spirit of rock music still remains. One singer mixed soul and rock while one band combined indie rock with elements of techno, both with underlying rock characteristics.
The truth is that fresh rock bands are out there and you just need to dig deeper. A search through online music blogs shows a growing number of new rock bands. While rock bands are now not as popular as before and not receiving mainstream exposure, the flame still burns brightly.
1. Which words can best describe the past music recording?A.Underdeveloped and low-cost. | B.Easy and time-saving. |
C.Demanding and complex. | D.Digital and creative. |
A.Low demands for music. | B.Advanced audio software. |
C.Deep understanding of music. | D.Help from professional musicians. |
A.To tell rock music has lost its original attraction. |
B.To show rock music may be presented in new styles. |
C.To stress rock music is no longer mainstream music. |
D.To compare rock music with some other kinds of music. |
A.Is Rock Music Going Dead? | B.Why Is Rock Music Disappearing? |
C.A New Kind of Music Is Emerging | D.A Way of Recording Music Is Getting Accepted |
【推荐2】Music is present in any part of the world, and it is appreciated and felt everywhere. Without its presence, life could be boring. Studies show that music is good for your body and mind.
Music can increase pain management. Listening to music can help increase your pain tolerance (耐痛性).
●
●Music can reduce anxiety and depression
●Music can improve self-expression and communication. Self-expression and communication are an important part of the human experience, especially when it comes to basic emotional and mental health needs.
A.Music can improve heart health. |
B.Music can increase your heartbeat rate. |
C.Here are some benefits of music treatment. |
D.They are two common pains in your daily life. |
E.It has been proved to be helpful for anxious and depressed people. |
F.Listening to music can also help decrease the strength of your pains. |
G.For kids weak in both areas, music treatment can help develop their relative skills. |
【推荐3】Why do people listen to music? The answer may seem simple: Music is pleasant to make and to hear. But music touches our lives in many other ways, too.
Music changes our mood
My brother doesn’t choose music based on what he wants to hear. Instead, he decides what he wants to feel and picks music with that mood in mind. Upbeat, bright-sounding music generally makes people feel happy. But some people enjoy listening to sad music, too. It can be like talking with a friend who understands your suffering. But for some people, sad music can make them feel even sadder.
Music helps us get things done
Do you ever listen to music while you work? I do, and I find that it sometimes helps me concentrate, According to one expert, music can help you pay attention during boring or repeated tasks. But when you are doing tasks that require more thought, music can disturb you, making them harder.
My mom, a preschool teacher, uses music to manage her classroom. When she wants to call a child, instead of yelling the child's name, she sings it. This creates a more positive environment, while still getting the child’s attention.
Music brings people together
Music can also bring people closer to each other. This is especially true of music played live. Live music often features a group of people playing different instruments which makes it a shared experience. Listeners can share in the emotions the song expresses. They also create memories together.
And speaking of memories, lots of people connect music with specific places, people or events. Whenever they hear a certain song, they are transported back to some point in the past. Thus music can connect people not only to people who are present but also to people from their past.
Music is far more than just entertainment; it is a powerful force that affects us in many ways.
1. Why do some people enjoy sad music?A.It can get their attention. |
B.It makes them feel happy. |
C.It can be like talking with a friend. |
D.It makes them feel sadder. |
A.you are doing repeated tasks. |
B.the tasks are boring. |
C.you are doing easy tasks. |
D.the tasks require more thought. |
A.Positive. | B.Doubtful. |
C.Uncertain. | D.Negative. |
【推荐1】When hydrogen(氢气) burns, the only by-product is water—which is why hydrogen has been an attractive zero-carbon energy source for decades. Yet the traditional process for producing hydrogen, in which fossil fuels are exposed to steam, is not even remotely zero-carbon. Hydrogen produced this way is called gray hydrogen; if the CO2 is captured and sequestered (封存), it is called blue hydrogen.
Green hydrogen is different. It is produced through electrolysis (电解), in which machines split water into hydrogen and oxygen, with no other by-products. Historically, electrolysis required so much electricity that it made little sense to produce hydrogen that way. The situation is changing for two reasons. First, significant amounts of excess renewable electricity have become available at grid(输电网)scale; rather than storing excess electricity in arrays of batteries, the extra electricity can be used to drive the electrolysis of water, “storing” the electricity in the form of hydrogen. Second, electrolyzers are getting more efficient.
Current renewable technologies such as solar and wind can decarbonize (脱碳) the energy sector by as much as 85 percent by replacing gas and coal with clean electricity. Other parts of the economy, such as shipping and producing, are harder to electrify because they often require fuel that is high in energy density (密度) or heat at high temperatures. Green hydrogen has potential in these sectors. The Energy Transitions Commission, an industry group, says green hydrogen is one of four technologies necessary for meeting The Paris Agreement goal of decreasing more than 10 gigatons of carbon dioxide a year from the most challenging industrial sectors, among them mining, construction and chemicals.
Although green hydrogen is still on the early stage of its development, countries—especially those with cheap renewable energy—are investing in the technology. Australia wants to export hydrogen that it would produce using its plentiful solar and wind power, Chile has plans for hydrogen in the country’s dry north, where solar electricity is abundant. China aims to put one million hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles on the road by 2030. All of which is why, earlier this year, Goldman predicted that green hydrogen will become a $ 12-tilion market by 2050.
1. What do we know about green hydrogen?A.It can be made from fossil fuels. |
B.It can be extracted from blue hydrogen. |
C.It consumes little electricity when produced. |
D.It releases nothing except water when burning. |
A.Enough electricity and efficient device |
B.The extending life and capacity of batteries |
C.The lower cost of different clean energies |
D.Financial support from all sectors of society |
A.The potential of current green energy |
B.The necessity of reducing carbon dioxide |
C.The advantages of green hydrogen |
D.The results of using wind and solar power |
A.worried | B.optimistic | C.doubtful | D.pessimistic |
【推荐2】A new smartwatch app alerts users who are deaf or hard of hearing of nearby sounds, such as knocks at the door or fire alarms.
“The main motivation for the app came from my own experience, and conversations that my colleagues and I have had with deaf and hard of hearing people over several years, ”says Dhruv Jain, who presented the system, called SoundWatch.
Jain, who is hard of hearing, uses SoundWatch at home to avoid sleeping through a smoke alarm. “On a nature walk, it’ll tell me that there’s birds singing, or there might be a waterfall nearby, ” he says. “Those sounds make me feel more present and connected to the world. ”
Sound awareness apps for smartphones exist. But Jain prefers the immediacy of sound notifications on his wrist, rather than in his pocket-and surveys of people who are deaf or hard of hearing show he’s not alone.
The SoundWatch app pairs an Android smartwatch and phone. The watch records surrounding noises and sends that data to the phone for processing. When the phone finds a sound of interest, the smartwatch vibrates (振动)and displays a sign.
Jain, a computer scientist at the University of Washington in Seattle, and his colleagues designed the app to identify 20 noises. In experiments, SoundWatch correctly identified those 20 sounds 81. 2 percent of the time. When set to listen only for urgent noises-a fire alarm, door knock or alarm clock-the app was 97. 6 percent accurate. Eight deaf and hard of hearing people who used SoundWatch around a university campus gave the app broadly favorable reviews, but noted that the app misclassified some sounds in noisy outdoor settings.
Disability is highly personal, and Jain hopes his team can find ways for people to personalize this app for their own specific needs. For example, people can be told about the sounds they care about-a husband’s or wife’s voice versus general speech, the back door opening versus the front door opening, and more.
1. What inspired Jain to invent the SoundWatch?A.The desire to hear music. | B.His deaf colleagues. |
C.Sleeping through a smoke alarm. | D.His own experience of being hard of hearing. |
A.How the Sound Watch works. | B.Why Sound Watch is invented. |
C.The influence of the noises. | D.The link of smartwatches and phones. |
A.Waterfall. | B.Birds’ songs. | C.A fire alarm. | D.The sound of forest. |
A.Education. | B.Advertisement. | C.Technology. | D.Entertainment. |
In a BBC blog post comparing cultural differences between the UK and the US, Margolis mentions a few other things that Americans like to do that are offensive to Britons.
● Not making introductions
Margolis says most Britons dislike this approach because “talking to strangers without being introduced gives them a stomachache”. Americans rarely introduce a new friend to their friends at parties. Strangers are supposed to introduce themselves.
● “Quite” good
Using “quite” to mean “very” happens a lot in the US. But if you are invited to a dinner party in Britain, don't describe the meal as “quite good” if you want to express high praise. To Britons’ ears, “quite”
● Money Talk
Americans can talk about money subjects for hours without feeling uncomfortable. For Britons, says Margolis, “Talking about how much we make is unthinkable — even 1ess so than discussing our feelings.”
● Over-politeness
“It’s not that I want shop assistants to be actively rude. But neither do I want to expend energy responding to someone who's been paid to ask: ‘How are you today?’” says Margolis. In the US, it is not unusual to be greeted by a perfect stranger as “honey” or “sweetie”. But Margolis says Britons find put-on friendliness, especially in stores, deeply irritating.
1. Margolis’ dining experience in Paragraph 1 shows that_______.
A.Britons are particular about foods |
B.Britons are not good at complaining |
C.Americans usually complain directly |
D.Americans complain more than Britons |
A.Britons enjoy talking about their feelings. |
B.Americans introduce themselves at parties. |
C.Americans dislike talking to strangers at parties. |
D.Britons feel happy if treated like close friends. |
A.differs greatly from | B.increases the quality of |
C.reduces the strength of | D.draws attention away from |
A.How to get on well with westerners. |
B.How to start conversations with Britons. |
C.Ruth Margolis’ tips on public behavior. |
D.Some American habits that annoy Britons. |
【推荐1】Afghanistan has its own comedian(喜剧演员)whose name is Karim Asir. He wears makeup and clothes to look just like the famous British actor, Charlie Chaplin. He also uses similar physical movements. He performs on the streets and at events in the Afghan capital, Kabul.
The 25-year-old actor says his goal is to use humor to help take people's minds off the difficulties they face every day. “It is very simple, I want to give Afghans a reason to smile”, he said.
Charlie Chaplin rose to fame during the silent film age in the 1920s. His movies became popular around the world. One of his most famous characters was a funny-looking man known as "The Little Tramp." This character had no money and was always getting into trouble. The creative(创新的) methods he used to get out of trouble were always humorous.
Asir and his family left for Iran after the Islamic Taliban group took control of Afghanistan in 1996. When the family returned to Afghanistan, Asir started wearing makeup and recreating(重塑) Chaplin's characters. He also began performing in public, even though his parents expressed concerns(关心) about him making this his job. He said his parents wanted him to find more steady work choices, such as a politician or doctor. But he said he felt his interests and skills would be better used in other ways. He added that his parents showed understanding over time and he decided to study theater at Kabul University.
Now, Asir says he parents are pleased when they see his videos getting more than 1 million views on YouTube. And he said they like that people line up on the street to take pictures with him.
But it is not always easy for Asir to perform in a city which suffers repeated attacks by Taliban. Militants(军方) have threatened Asir, whose performances, they say, are un-Islamic.
“I want to give my people a chance to forget their problems such as war, conflicts and danger in Afghanistan”, he said. To do this, he keeps smiling while performing around the city and meeting with fans. But Asir says that inside, he cannot help but feel fearful about possible attacks.
1. Karim Asir does the performance to __________.A.give Afghans a chance to forget their problems |
B.help concentrate on the daily difficulties |
C.give Afghans a reason to think about the future |
D.rise to fame like Charlie Chaplin |
A.Makeup and clothes. | B.The style of their acting. |
C.Physical movements. | D.The times of their acting. |
A.The city often suffers attacks by Taliban. |
B.His family can’t afford the cost of clothes and makeup. |
C.He can’t find the place to perform. |
D.He is too fearful to perform. |
A.They are worried about him making this his job. |
B.They want him to find more steady work choices. |
C.They are happy to see his success. |
D.They are concerned about the possible attacks. |
A.Because his performances are too popular. |
B.Because his performances break the Islamic rules. |
C.Because his performances make people happy. |
D.Because his performances are against Taliban. |
【推荐2】Evelyn Glennie is a unique musician. She is a percussionist (打击乐手) who plays with classical orchestras. When she performs, she hits the gongs, snare drums, vibraphones, timbales, cymbals, conga drums, bells, and bass drums that are in front of her. Although classical musicians usually wear formal clothes in concert, Glennie performs in bare feet. What really sets her apart, though, is that she is a musician who cannot hear. Glennie has been almost totally deaf since she was 12 years old. Despite being deaf, she has become the first solo star to play her type of percussion instruments in classical music.
Glennie was born in Aberdeen, Scotland. At the age of eight, she started taking piano lessons. She found that she preferred the drums, so she began to concentrate on other percussion instruments. Her doctors were never able to find out why she started to lose her hearing. By the time Glennie was 12, most of her hearing was gone. Glennie stayed in her school and learned to read lips. She also continued her music lessons. She learned how to play percussion instruments by using her sense of touch. She learned to feel the difference between high and low notes. She became very sensitive to the vibrations created by different sounds. Glennie took off her shoes to make it easier for her to feel the vibrations made by her instruments.
Glennie was very talented. At 16 she was accepted to the Royal Academy of Music in London, England. She was the music school’s first solo percussion student, graduating when she was 19. To build her career, she performed anywhere she could. There was very little solo music written for her instruments, so she asked for percussion music to be written for her. She then performed the new pieces in her solo concerts. Glennie attracted attention by performing in radio and television concerts. One 1988 concert was recorded live and made into a CD. This recording earned Glennie her first Grammy Award for a classical music performance.
Today Glennie performs all around the world. In addition to classical orchestras, she plays with folk musicians and rock stars. She has written music for movies, television shows, and commercials. Every year more new compositions are written for Glennie to perform. She has even taken up a new instrument: the bagpipes. Glennie considers herself a pioneer in music, not because she is deaf but because she has become a solo percussion star in classical music.
1. The reader can tell that the author________.A.thinks Glennie should wear shoes when performing |
B.believes that Glennie should not work so hard |
C.believes that Glennie had a gift for music |
D.doesn’t like Glennie’s music so much |
A.always wear her shoes in concert |
B.quit playing classical music in concert |
C.learn to play other musical instruments |
D.focus on studying the piano again |
A.Deaf as she is, Evelyn Glennie is an award-winning solo percussionist who performs mainly classical music. |
B.Evelyn Glennie lost her hearing at a young age, and doctors were never able to find out why. |
C.Although classical musicians usually wear formal clothes in concert, Evelyn Glennie performs barefoot. |
D.When Evelyn Glennie found that there was little music written for solo percussionists, she didn’t give up. |
【推荐3】Arun Kumar Bajaj has a very unusual skill — he can paint with a sewing machine. Technically, it’s embroidering, not painting, but his artworks are so detailed that they can pass as paintings to the untrained eyes. And the fact that he does it all with a sewing machine just makes that much more impressive.
Arun was really good at drawing and painting while growing up and dreamed of becoming a famous painter, but his father died suddenly 15 years ago, which destroyed his plans and forced him to give up school in order to run the family business. His father was a tailor and he became one too, but he didn’t let the artist in him die. He started “painting” with a needle and thread, but instead of using his hands, he decided on a rather unusual tool — the sewing machine. It took him a while to master this unique art form, but today he is recognized as the world’s only sewing machine artist. His works become very popular both in India and abroad. It’s easy to see why, just by looking at them, but what really makes his embroideries special is the tool he uses.
“You need to be very careful because once you’ve stitched the cloth, there’s no way you can repair it,” Arun said. “It’s all done in a single layer to give the painting a neat look.”
Some of Arun’s most impressive works include a 4×2 feet painting of the court of Ranjit Singh which took the artist over a year to finish. Arun runs a tailoring business in the Adalat Bazar of Patiala, but he devotes a lot of his time to his artistic dream as well.
1. Why do Arun’s paintings leave a deep impression on people?A.They have rich contents. | B.They take many years to finish. |
C.They give people a sense of satisfaction. | D.They are finished with a sewing machine. |
A.His father’s sudden death. | B.His families’ encouragement. |
C.His love for drawing and painting. | D.His position in his family business. |
A.It includes painting repair work. | B.It requires the use of special cloth. |
C.It needs to be done with great care. | D.It involves keeping handwriting neat. |
A.Arun’s wonderful life journey. | B.Arun’s most impressive works. |
C.An expert good at embroidering and sewing. | D.The world’s only sewing machine painter. |