IKEA is the world’s largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the world’s most successful businessmen. Born in Sweden in 1926, Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child, he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. He used it to start up a business—IKEA. IKEA's name comes from Kamprad's initials (I.K.) and the place where he grew up ('E' and 'A').
IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order book in 1947. The furniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprad’s home. Initial sales were very encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line.Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became a pure furniture company in 1951.
In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The man had given him a great idea:
Today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries. Amazingly, Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-held company. In 2004 he was named the world’s richest man. He currently lives in Switzerland and is retired from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself, though, just keeps on growing.
1. The author states in Paragraph 4 that flat packaging___________.
A.needs large space to store furniture |
B.is a business concept inspired by Kamprad |
C.helps reduce transportation costs |
D.makes the company self-sufficient |
A.Ingvar Kamprad established IKEA and succeeded. |
B.IKEA is the world’s largest furniture retailer. |
C.The advantages of IKEA’s furniture. |
D.Ingvar Kamprad was a natural businessman. |
A.The starter kept IKEA a company operated by a few people |
B.The furniture was made by manufacturers in Kamprad’s home |
C.The starter made a big fortune when he was a child |
D.The goods sold in IKEA are limited and not welcomed |
A.examples that illustrate a problem |
B.order of events |
C.analysis of a process |
D.comparison and contrast |
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【推荐1】Mike Cohen, a bicyclist, was just 18 when he'd been once diagnosed with a cancer. Years later doctors discovered his heart function was severely weakened during the treatment. He would need a new one. Heart transplant priority lists are tricky. Mike fit all the parameters and was at the top of the list. Now he just had to hope he survived whiting for a new heart.
On February 24, a nurse walked in. “I have good news and bad news,” she said. Mike asked for the bad news first. “You're not going home today,” she said. The good news? They'd found him a heart. The next morning, Mike woke up in a hospital bed with a new heart beating in his chest. His energy seemed to improve immediately.
Two months after his surgery, Mike got a letter for him. He unfolded the typewritten pages and took a breath. It was Christine Cheers, the donor's mother. Her son, 32-year-old Navy flight surgeon James Mazzuchelli, had been injured in a training mission. As he read Christine's letter, Mike began to understand just how special his new heart was. Eager to know more about James, Mikegoogled him-they had a lot in common. They were both athletic and practically the same age. James was 32 when he died, while Mike, coincidentally, had turned 33 on the very day of James's accident which made his very best day some stranger's worst one.
Another thing he learned about James: He was buried in Jacksonville. He wanted to pay his respects in person. It seemed fitting to make the journey by bike to show just how big the transformative heart was. When Mike announced on social media that he was riding to his donor's grave site, Christine decided they would meet him there.
As he got closer to the cemetery, Mike grew nervous. That moment finally came. At a loss for words, he managed a quiet “Hi.” In that moment, Christine felt a deep sense of calm, as if she'd known Mike her entire life. They folded into a deep hug. Then came the tears. They weren't the deep weeping tears of grief. They were the tears of relief from a mother who knew she'd done right by someone she loved and from a grateful man who'd been accepted, or at least forgiven, by the family whose worst day was his best.
1. What is the best treatment to Mike?A.Staying in the hospital. | B.Having a heart transplant. |
C.Keeping himself energetic. | D.Strengthening his heart function. |
a. Mike got a letter for him. b. Mike was transplanted a new heart.
c. Mike met Christine Cheers at cemetery. d. Mike Cohen was diagnosed with a cancer.
e. The donor, James was buried in Jacksonville.
A.dbeac | B.dcbae | C.bcade | D.baced |
A.He felt deeply sorry for James’ death. | B.Christine reminded him of his mother. |
C.Christine made her worst day his best. | D.He was finally relieved from his guilty. |
A.A moving story. | B.The mother with tears. |
C.A successful surgery. | D.The biker with a big heart. |
I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.
The first two times we met, David didn't say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon——in complete silence and without looking at me. It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.
Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?
"Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with," I thought. "Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.
"Is your turn," he said.
After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.
Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one——without any words——can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.
1. When he first met the author, David .
A.felt a little excited |
B.looked a little nervous |
C.walked energetically |
D.showed up with his teacher |
A.was able to describe David's problem |
B.was skeptical about psychology |
C.was ready to listen to David |
D.was sure of handling David's problem |
A.wanted to ask the author for advice |
B.bear the author many times in the chess game |
C.liked the children’s drawings in the office |
D.need to share sorrow with the author |
A.He recovered after months of treatment. |
B.He liked biking before he lost his family. |
C.He went into university soon after starting to talk. |
D.He got friends in school before he met the author. |
A.His teacher’s help. |
B.The author’s friendship. |
C.The author’s silent communication with him. |
D.His exchange of letters with the author. |
【推荐3】I started to imagine how I’d lead my own tour. Working as a guard at the Guggenheim, I first liked reading the wall text—the paragraph-long explanation on the wall beside many of the artworks. Occasionally it’s helpful, and for years I thought it was downright rude when museums and galleries didn’t label each work. But now, more often than not, I wanted to tear all the labels down. The wall text stays just to the side of art, like the answer key at the bottom of a word search, its definitive tone sending the message that there’s only one right answer to the art.
I realized that art historians could be unreliable narrators (叙述者). The Richard Serra sculpture “Tearing Lead,” consisting of wrinkled lead (铅), took on a different look every time it was exhibited. Guards were given a board with the original photo of the sculpture and instructions “Please indicate where the piece was touched,” so an assistant could reposition the sculpture to match the picture. But an assistant I talked with told me that the sculpture was meant to have the metal pieces arranged haphazardly (杂乱地). The work looks different every time it’s shown —not that you’d know it from the wall text.
Therefore, I insist that you don’t look at the little label beside each artwork. When I guarded a Brancusi sculpture, I tried to stand in front of the wall label so people couldn’t see it, and I heard their interpretations go wild. They saw a finger, a woman giving birth, a graph, a Kurosawa character, a dolphin, a nose, a fish.
If I learned one thing as a guard, it’s that sometimes being forced to look at an artwork, even when you don’t want to, is life-changing. Fight the urge to see what you expect to be there; focus instead on what is there. I’m not concerned with whether you think it’s good. Just watch the thing in front of you.
1. What can we learn about the author from paragraph l?A.He is forming his own judgement. | B.He likes traveling with his friends. |
C.He wants to make his voice heard. | D.He writes explanations for artworks. |
A.To introduce a special assistant. | B.To prove that wall texts can be wrong. |
C.To call for protection of artworks on show. | D.To show how art historians describe works. |
A.To prevent the visitors getting closer to the sculpture. |
B.To make visitors have a better view of the sculpture. |
C.To push the visitors to appreciate on their own. |
D.To interact with the visitors in a fun way. |
A.How I Rose from a Museum Guard to an Art Expert |
B.What Categories of Artworks Museums Like Showing |
C.How Working in a Museum Makes Me Have a Life Purpose |
D.What Being a Museum Guard Taught Me about Looking at Art |
【推荐1】The world’s richest man might seem to have it all, but Bill Gates has one regret. The self-made billionaire said he felt stupid for not knowing any foreign languages.
Speaking in his third Ask Me Anything question-and-answer session for online forum Reddit(红迪网), the Microsoft founder said that he wished he spoke French, Arabic or Chinese.
He said, “I took Latin and Greek in high school and got A’s and I guess it helps my vocabulary. I keep hoping to get time to study one of these—probably French because it is the easiest. I did Duolingo for a while but didn’t keep it up. ”
Gates, who is worth $79.3billion, praised Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg for surprising an audience in Beijing when he spoke fluent Chinese.“Mark Zuckerberg amazingly learned Chinese and did a Q&A with Chinese students—unbelievable, isn’t it? ” he said.
This isn’t the first time for Gates to admit his regret over language. He also showed his habits at home and personal insights.
Last February, Gates said he likes to do the dishes himself—to his own special standards every night and also told the interviewer that his wife, Melinda, would likely want Samuel L. Jackson to play her husband in a biopic(传记片).
He also admitted that he would pick up a $100 bill if he found it on the street.
As he took the top spot on Forbes 28th Annual Billionaires list last year for the fourth time, he said he is pretty basic when it comes to spending on clothes and food, but that he enjoys investing in shoes and racquets(球拍)when he plays tennis.
When asked a life lesson he had to learn the hard way, the billionaire said staying up too late is a habit he is still trying to break. “Don’t stay up too late even if the book is really exciting.You will regret it in the morning. I am still working on this problem, ” he said.
1. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Bill Gates is also the founder of Facebook. |
B.Bill Gates topped the list of Forbes 28 times. |
C.Bill Gates was good at learning languages in high school. |
D.Bill Gates’ wife wanted Samuel to play a game with Gates. |
A.Avoid staying up too late. |
B.Be a good language learner. |
C.Do the dishes yourself at home. |
D.Pick up the $100 bill in the street. |
A.it is important to lay a good foundation of life |
B.food and clothing are basic needs for people’s life |
C.he doesn’t spend much money on food and clothes |
D.he never cares about buying food and clothing |
A.An Interview with Bill Gates |
B.How Bill Gates Succeeded |
C.Bill Gates’ Regret |
D.The Richest Billionaire |
【推荐2】Zong Qinghou, the founder and chairman of Hangzhou Wahaha Group, China passed away on Sunday at the age of 79. As one of the most respected representatives of China’s first generation of entrepreneurs (企业家) since the country embarked on reform and opening-up in 1978, Zong’s down-to-earth style and innovative spirit greatly impressed the public.
Born in 1945 in Suqian, Jiangsu province, Zong took over a small grocery store at a school in Hangzhou in 1987. In 1989, he founded Hangzhou Wahaha Nutritional Food Factory. In 1996, Zong launched Wahaha AD calcium milk, which became a great hit with Chinese consumers. The company’s products now cover more than 200 categories, including purified water, milk and yogurt drinks, carbonated drinks, fruit and vegetable juice, tea and coffee drinks, with its sales revenue reaching 51.2 billion yuan in 2022. It has nearly 30,000 employees and 8l production bases nationwide. Zong was ranked as the country’s richest person in 2010, 2012 and 2013 by business magazine Forbes.
However, Zong led a simple life, and it was common to see him dressed in a white shirt and black cloth shoes. He once said, “I am an ordinary person, but luckily I was born in such an era (时代).” He said that Wahaha would not exist without reform and opening-up. He said that Chinese entrepreneurs should fulfill their social responsibilities, and create wealth for the people, adding that they should create more employment opportunities and participate in public welfare activities, contributing to the country’s economic and social development.
Moreover, Zong attached great importance to technological innovation to ensure the quality and diversity (多样性) of Wahaha’s products in a highly competitive market, and provide strong impetus to the company’s sustainable growth. It is widely acknowledged that Zong’s management philosophy has set an example for the development of China’s private economy.
1. What does the underlined word “categories” mean?A.Sorts. | B.Sources. | C.Lines. | D.Fields. |
A.Wahaha AD calcium milk gained great popularity worldwide. |
B.Zong firmly believes he is an extraordinary and fortunate man. |
C.Zong extremely values the quality and diverity of Wahaha’s products |
D.Wahah’s success only resulted from Zong’s devotion and intelligence. |
A.simple and responsible. | B.devoted and creative. |
C.competitive and ordinary. | D.modest and independent |
A.A guideline. | B.A menu. | C.A brochure. | D.A website. |
【推荐3】If you love chocolate, maybe you have eaten a bar of Cadbury's Bournville chocolate. But Bournville isn't just the name of an English chocolate bar. It's the name of a village which was built especially for workers at the Cadbury's chocolate factory.
George and Richard Cadbury took over the chocolate business from their father in 1861. A few years later, they moved the factory out of the centre of Birmingham, a city in the middle of England, to an area close to the railways and canals so that they could receive milk deliveries easily and send the finished products to stores across the country. More importantly, here, the air was much cleaner than in the city, and the Cadbury brothers thought it would be a much healthier place for their employees to work.
They named the site Bournville after a local river called "The Bourn" and "Ville", the French word for town, was used because at the time, people thought French chocolate was the highest quality. The new factory opened in 1879. Close to it, they built a village where the factory workers could live. The Cadbury brothers thought their workers deserved to live and work in good conditions. In the factory, workers were given a fair wage, a pension and access to medical treatment. The village provided everything that workers needed including a shop, a school and a community centre where evening classes were held to train young members of the workforce.
The Cadbury brothers were among the first business owners to make sure that their workers had good standards of living. Soon, other British factory owners were copying their ideas by providing homes and communities for their workers designed with convenience and health in mind.
Today, over 25,000 people live in Bournville village. Over a hundred years since the first house here was built, the aims of its founders have still been carried out.
1. Why did the Cadbury brothers choose the new site for the chocolate factory?A.It had clean countryside air. | B.There were so many cows. |
C.A lot of people lived nearby. | D.It was in the downtown. |
A.A local town. | B.A French word. | C.An employee | D.A French river. |
A.They were used for finished chocolate. | B.The workers used them free of charge |
C.They were near the chocolate factory | D.The factory workers had them built. |
A.Careful. | B.Conservative. | C.Demanding | D.Pioneering |