【推荐1】Researchers set up an experiment in which 5-year-olds were tested with their fellows under different circumstances of transparency (透明) and different audiences. They set up a sticker machine that in some settings was transparent, and other settings in which only the giver of stickers knew how many stickers he could give. They had children give out stickers in both settings. The results were striking: children were consistently generous only when the receiver and audience of the stickers were fully aware of the donation options. Children were notably ungenerous when the receiver of stickers couldn’t see the options.

The researchers said, “Children only showed consistently pro-social behavior in our study in the condition when they could see the receiver and their allocations (分配物) were fully visible; in all other conditions, children were statistically ungenerous, giving the receiver the smaller amount of stickers.”

They made the conclusions that at a very early age, children are learning how to position themselves socially. Well before they apprehend the sociology of their networks and what social reputation really means, they think strategically about giving as a function of how they can gain a reputation with a peer as a generous citizen or pro-social agent when the receiver observes them.

Children change their behavior in response to having an audience. Help children give to others in full view, delivering meals to families, and in private, dropping off treats or surprises for those who need support without signing their names. Also, children should be reminded that thank-you notes are lovely but unnecessary to receive. When we give gifts or lend help to others, try to help children remember why—to provide something for another. It really doesn’t have to be recognized. When a thank-you card doesn’t come, it doesn’t make a gift any less valuable or meaningful for those who were lucky enough to receive.

【推荐1】On October 24, 1929 — “Black Thursday” — a wave of panic selling of stocks (股票) swept the New York Stock Exchange. The Great Depression began. By 1932, thousands of banks and businesses had failed. Industrial production was cut in half, farm income had fallen by more than half, wages had decreased 60 percent, new investment was down 90 percent and one out of every four workers was unemployed.

The Republican president, Herbert Hoover was unable to take measures to deal with the economic collapse. So in the 1932 election, he was defeated by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, who promised “a New Deal for the American people”.

Within the “Hundred Days”, Roosevelt rushed through Congress a number of laws to aid the recovery of the economy. The Civilian Conservation Corps put young men to work in reforestation (重新造林) and flood.

The Federal Emergency Relief Administration aided state and local relief funds. The Agricultural Adjustment Administration paid farmers to reduce production, thus raising crop prices. The Tennessee Valley Authority built a network of dams in the Tennessee River area to generate electricity and control floods. The National Recovery Administration regulated fair competition among businesses and minimum wages for workers.

The Work Progress Administration (WPA) was one of the most effective of the New Deal measures. Financed by taxes collected by the federal government, the WPA created millions of jobs by undertaking the construction of roads, bridges, airports and other public buildings. It kept workers in the job, thus preserving their skills and their self-respect. The New Deal programs did not end the Depression. But the economy improved as a result of this program of government intervention (介入).

【推荐2】For more than five years, under the guidance of the golden principles of wide discussion, joint contribution and shared benefits (利益), the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议) raised by President Xi Jinping has been in action, becoming increasingly welcomed around the world. More than 150 countries and international organizations have signed cooperation (合作) agreements with China under the BRI’s general framework.

The past five years have also seen China’s trade in goods with Belt and Road countries rising above $5 trillion. Also, foreign direct investment (投资) rising above $60 billion, which have created more than 200,000 local jobs. China-Europe block trains have so far made more than 13,000 journeys, and 49 cities in 15 countries have benefited from the facilities in taking their products directly to 56 cities in China.

France, as a major economy and the central part of the European Union, has been ahead of other Western countries for a long time in developing relations with China. The BRI has provided a new and broader chance for this development, leading to increasing political belief, economic cooperation and cultural exchanges. This year is certainly full of chances for China-France cooperation under the BRI.

First, the Belt and Road Initiative has entered a new age, arriving at a continuous development. France could take part in the event, share historical chances and discuss cooperation plans so the two can usher in a new age in BRI project.

Second, China’s move to a higher level of opening-up has provided new chances for cooperation with France on the BRI. China will continue to cut the foreign investment negative list and give wider market access to foreign companies.

Third, the opening of a new age in China-France relations has created more favorable conditions for Belt and Road cooperation.

It is thus the common job of China and France, both members of the United Nations Security Council, to work together in improving economic globalization (全球化) and keeping a good international order.

【推荐3】As part of Africa’s COVID-19 recovery strategy, it should invest (投资) in its young people and in digital technology resources, which experts’ said would offer a solution for unlocking a new era of intra-African (非洲内部的) trade and growth.

According to the United Nations, Africa has the youngest population in the world, with 70 percent of people in sub-Saharan Africa being younger than 30.

The UN recognizes the continent’s young people as critical to the success of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement, which took effect at the beginning of last year, and has called for their involvement in policy making and implementation.

The African Export-Import Bank, also known as Afreximbank, likewise called on Tuesday for an increase in intra-African trade and financing, with the continent’s young people and technology resources playing important roles.

Benedict Oramah, president and chairman of Afreximbank, said industrial revolutions seen in other countries were largely owed to a young and capable workforce.

“It is our view that the youth will be the catalytic force of the development of Africa. This asset (资本) in our hands is perhaps the greatest resource, an asset much more valuable than all the oil and mineral resources,” Oramah said in speech at the ongoing 29th Annual Meetings of Afreximbank in Cairo, Egypt.

“The African youth are beginning to make significant contributions to economic transformation across the continent,” he added.

Oramah said Africa should turn to its own resources, driving investment and development by leveraging Africa’s human capital and technological potential, in order to accelerate intra-African trade and commerce.

Young people are ready to make giant progress in a single continental market and could become the drivers of the continent’s integration and intra-African trade, Oramah said.