Dr Wiseman started “the laugh lab” project in September 2001. It is the largest study of humour. Participants(参加者)are invited to log on to the laugh lab website, give a few personal details, tell their favourite jokes and judge the jokes told by other people.
The project will last for a year, and the organizers hope to finally discover the world’s funniest joke. But there is also a serious purpose. The researches want to know what people from different nations and cultures find funny. And they want to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour. The idea is that if we want to understand each other, we have to find out what makes us laugh.
This is a subject that has long attracted psychologists and philosophers. Most of the time, people are not completely honest. We do things that society expects us to and say things that help us get what we want. But laughing cannot be controlled. When we laugh, we tell the truth about ourselves. By December 2001 over 10, 000 jokes had been submitted. This gave the scientists enough evidence to make early conclusions. It seems that men and women do have different senses of humour, for instance.
“Our findings show the major differences in the ways in which males and females use humour, ” said Dr. Wiseman. “Males use humour to appear superior to others, while women are more skilled in languages and prefer word play. ”Researchers also found that there really is such a thing as a national sense of humour. The British enjoy what is usually called “toilet humour”. But the French like their jokes short and sharp: “You’re a high priced lawyer. Will you answer two questions for $500?” “Yes. What’s the second question?”
The Germans are famous for not having a sense of humour. But the survey found that German participants were more likely to find submitted jokes funny than any other nationality. Perhaps that proves the point. Is this joke funny? I don’t know, but let’s say yes, just to be safe.
Dr Wiseman and his workmates also submitted jokes created by computer. But none of those who took part in the survey found any of them amusing. Perhaps this is relief. Computers already seem like they can do everything. At least they should leave the funny stuff to us.
1. Scientist started “ the laugh lab” project________
A.to find the funniest joke in European countries |
B.to get more personal details about participants |
C.to know what funny people are like from different nations and cultures |
D.to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour |
A.most of the people all over the world are completely honest |
B.people tell the truth about themselves only when they laugh |
C.ordinary people are not interested in “the laugh lab” project at all |
D.psychologists and philosophers take interest in the “laugh lab” project |
A.Jokes created by computer are less appealing to people. |
B.Men and women have similar senses of humour. |
C.The project lasted from September, 2001 to December, 2001. |
D.Scientists have collected enough evidence to make final conclusions. |
A.Funny or not? |
B.Laugh louder! |
C.Men laugh better. |
D.Watch out for the trap in jokes! |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Ice climbing is a moving winter sport that combines excitement, skills and determination.
Back in 2014 and 2018, the sport was presented to the public during the Sochi Winter Olympic Games in Russia and the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games. The next goal for ice climbing is showing the sport in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
If you are already interested in this sport, here are some of the world’s best places with special ice formations (冰构) that you shouldn’t miss.
Ouray, Colorado, the US
Ouray offers climbers easy access to more than 200 named climbs, with free entrance to the park. The ice park also provides professional guidance and services for beginners. Ouray usually hosts the biggest ice festival in North America every January.
Shuangqiaogou, Sichuan, China
China has a lot of ice walls, which are located in different mountains in the northern and western parts of the country. Among them, Sichuan province’s Shuangqiaogou, or Twin Bridge Trench (双桥沟), in Mount Siguniang has some of the finest such spots. The ice season in the area usually starts from mid-December and runs through late February. Climbers can enjoy various ice formations as well as a clean and quiet environment.
Valdez, Alaska, the US
Alaska’s surprising Valdez area has been attracting world-class climbers to the area for ten years. Each year, climbers go there to follow classic routes such as Sheep Creek and Solomon Gulch (希普河和所罗门峡谷). Others explore the area by themselves, hoping to find the next classic site on their adventures. The climbers can find glacier hiking, skiing and sled (雪橇) trips there.
1. If a new climber goes to Ouray, he will ________.A.pay for the entrance | B.be given some help with climbing |
C.watch the ice festival at any time | D.learn climbing lessons for free |
A.More than a year. | B.About ten months. |
C.More than four months. | D.Less than three months. |
A.Thrilling and open. | B.Enjoyable and safe. |
C.Tiring and safe. | D.Boring and dangerous. |
【推荐2】Chinese scientists have identified a new protein that restricts HIV infection, a discovery that could pave the way for the development of new drugs against the virus. The protein, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1), which exists in human cells, can inhibit (抑制) the process by which HIV reproduces, according to research published in the science journal Nature Microbiology this month.
However, the study also showed that PSGL-1 can be negatively affected by Vpu — an accessory (附属) protein of HIV — which can neutralize the ability of PSGL-1 to resist HIV. Further research is under way to develop a drug that can inhibit the HIV protein so that PSGL-1 can restrict HIV, according to Tan Xu, a researcher at Tsinghua University's School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, a leading author of the study.
Several other proteins in human cells that could resist HIV have been discovered over the past 10 years, but the virus can also evade (避开) them. PSGL-1 shows particular promise in that it can inhibit HIV in multiple ways — especially by blocking the infectiousness of virus offspring, Tan said.
“We are starting to research into small molecule (分子) compounds in the hope of finding one that can restore PSGL-1’s anti-HIV function. In this way, we can develop a very effective antiviral drug for people with HIV/AIDS,” he said. Tan said it will require at least three to five years for the research to reach the preclinical stage, and more time after that before a clinical trial is possible. The research was conducted by researchers at Tsinghua University in Beijing, Fudan University in Shanghai and George Mason University in the United States.
Existing treatment methods for people with HIV/AIDS, which mostly rely on a combination of different drugs, can prevent the disease from progressing but cannot cure it, and long-term use of drugs can result in drug resistance.
An estimated 37 million people in the world live with HIV, according to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. The study provides new leads to developing antiviral drugs, Tsinghua University said in a statement.
1. What can we learn about PSGL-1 from the passage?A.Both the protein PSGL-1 and the protein Vpu are HIV proteins. |
B.PSGL-1 can restrict the function of the protein Vpu. |
C.PSGL-1’s molecule compounds have been identified. |
D.The protein PSGL-1 functions better than others in resisting HIV. |
A.The existing treatment for AIDS are far from perfect. |
B.It will be a decade before the antiviral drugs is put on the market. |
C.American scientists played a leading role in the research. |
D.HIV/AIDS will no longer be a deadly problem owing to the new discovery. |
A.There is a long way to go before curing AIDS. |
B.More people are faced with the threat of HIV. |
C.Chinese scientists are leading the way in curing AIDS. |
D.A new protein to resist HIV was confirmed by scientists. |
A.A guidebook. | B.A fiction. | C.A magazine. | D.A brochure. |
【推荐3】Most students do an IQ test early in their school career. Even if they never see their results, they feel that IQ is what determines how well they are going to do in life. When they see other students doing better than them, they usually believe that those students have a higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change facts. However, new research into EQ suggests that success is not simply the result of a high IQ.
While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence. Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following description. At work, it is IQ that gets you hired, but it is EQ that gets you promoted. Supported by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.
Professor Salovey may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class, who you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up failing exams? Perhaps their failure is because of their low EQ. People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well. This association can exist, but it is as possible for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ.
It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life. They are also less likely to be troubled by problems. On the other hand, there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations; thus, they have a harder time surviving in life.
People generally believe that a person’s IQ is determined by birth. However, most social scientists agree that EQ has a lot to do with education. Some are trying to study the possibility to improving a person’s EQ, especially in terms of “people skills”, such as understanding and communication.
Professor Mayer, recently announced the results of a study on senior high school students. When normal students were introduced to students with disabilities, they found that, afterwards, the normal students were more willing to help people with difficulties. They also showed a better understanding of the disabled students’ feeling compared to students who had not been involved in the study. There was also an obvious change in the disabled students’ attitudes. They became more positive about life and more willing to try new things.
The results of studies such as these show that EQ is as important, if not more important than IQ. To get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life means getting on with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible. This requires a high EQ — the higher the better. And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving the education they really need and know that their futures are not entirely determined by their IQs.
1. What does the first paragraph want to convey?A.Only a high IQ can’t result in success. |
B.Most students never see their IQ test results. |
C.Students can’t change their IQs with education. |
D.IQ determines how well students are going to do in life. |
A.Because they probably have a lower IQ. | B.Because they probably have a lower EQ. |
C.Because they are often mistaken in thinking. | D.Because they are likely to be troubled by problems. |
A.People’s character might not matter more than their IQ. |
B.“People skills” are of little importance on one’s road to success. |
C.People with high EQs usually have negative attitude towards life. |
D.Schools should reconsider if their students are receiving the education they need. |
A.Practice makes perfect. | B.IQ is important for us. |
C.Success comes with a high EQ. | D.Success owes to wisdom. |
【推荐1】American doctors have been trying to figure out the secrets behind Asians being healthier than Americans since the early 90s - The Japan has the lowest mortality rates in the world and Chinese medicine has been around for thousands of years, since around 2000 B.C. only meant that there's more to Asian health philosophy. In Asian medicine, there's an acknowledgment of the whole-body theory of medicine, instead of isolationism that's prevalent in many American doctor's offices.
The main reason behind a better health lies in the difference between Asian and American culture. Diet, exercise, and a holistic approach to medicine allcontribute toAsians living longer and healthier than their American counterparts. In addition, the result of the Asian lifestyle has led to a stronger overall immune system and better detoxification(解毒) efficiency.
The more preferred drink in the American lifestyle is soda, beer or coffee. However, in Asian culture, the preferred drink is water or herbal tea. Consumption of water serves to immediately strengthen one's body detoxification program, since water dilutes toxins and helps flush the body. Americans savor red meat and pork, while most Asians prefer chicken, rice and fish. Also, the foods in Asia are mostly organic and lack the hormonal toxins that American food carries. Overall the Asian diet leads to less food-introduced toxins into the body, and allows the body to spend its energy on its immune system rather than toxin control. Also, the fish that Asians consume have very strong immunological effects, providing more antioxidants than the red meat preferred in America.
The average American family has more than one car. In Asia, on average there's 1 car per 4 families. In Asian cultures, people use bicycles more than four-wheeled transportation. The Asian lifestyle also involves more labor and physical work, such as agricultural labor and gardening. The American lifestyle praises white-collar jobs which lead to Americans sitting in front of computer screens for hours on end. Exercise helps detoxification in two ways: it speeds up metabolism, and induces sweat.
Medicine in Asia centers mostly on natural ingredients that have healing properties. Asian medicine also addresses the mind-body connection and the importance of mental balance. There are more traditional medicine doctors per person in Asia than in America. American medicine costs more and is symptom-focused, often ignoring the overall cause of the symptoms. In America, the prescriptions that are chemically derived are dangerous toxins that stress the body's detoxification system. Using Asian medicine means using only natural ingredients, which the body can easily detoxify while getting the same health benefit.
It is not very difficult to adopt the Asian lifestyle and improve your body's detoxification and immune system. You can change your lifestyle today by eating and drinking organic, exercising rigorously at least three times a week, and using organic health alternative therapies over dangerous prescription medicines.
Emma Deangela is the author of detox and fasting site at eDetoxify.com. Combining both Asian and Western philosophy, Emma Deangela has helped many people by giving them health consultation to make their lives better and healthier through natural health philosophy. Visit eDetoxify.com to discover the health philosophy that leads many people to a healthy life.
1. According to the first paragraph, which theory is more popular among American doctors?A.whole-body theory | B.isolationism |
C.Combined Theory of East and West | D.Not clearly mentioned. |
A.Diet | B.Exercise | C.Medicine | D.Accidents |
A.leads to | B.pay money to | C.agree on | D.result from |
A.Asians don’t eat beef or mutton |
B.Asians are good at catching fish |
C.Asian lifestyle involves physical work more |
D.Asians are not fond of office work |
A.last | B.last but one | C.first | D.missing |
A.advertisement to a website | B.lecture to college students |
C.magazine introduction | D.newspaper front-page |
【推荐2】Cultural Differences of Teenagers
Knowing the cultural differences between yourself and others of your age can help you understand friends who are of a different race or culture.
Family
Family comes first in the Asian culture.
Friendship
Some Asian teens generally prefer having a small group of life-long friends. They are committed and loyal to their friends. Americans often prefer a larger group of friends. There might be less commitment to keeping friends for life because of their bigger pool of possible friendships.
Working Relationships
If you are working on a group project with teens from China or other Asian countries, they might focus on developing a good relationship with you.
In China and many other Asian countries, making direct eye contact is considered rude and disrespectful. However, in America and some European countries, it is not only seen as appropriate but also necessary because it means the person is paying attention. In Asian culture people are usually more comfortable with less personal space than Americans arc. A touch on the shoulder or an arm is common for Asians even if you don’t know one another.
It’s important to keep in mind that when learning about cultural differences, you should not generalize those differences.A.Eye Contact |
B.Body Language |
C.In this way, you’ll experience cultural differences. |
D.Teenagers have a strong attachment to their parents. |
E.With this understanding, you won’t be thought impolite. |
F.However, American teens tend to first focus on the task. |
G.The key to understanding them with your friends is to ask them for advice. |
【推荐3】Japan is a nation that appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners. Yet, when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be the loudest in the world.
According to lifestyle website Grapee.jp, slurping (发出喷喷声) when eating noodles is encouraged in Japanese culture. It’s believed that taking air into your mouth can enhance the flavor of the noodles and help cool down the food. It’s also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.
It was not until a new expression — “noodle harassment” — came out on social media that Japanese people started to realize the problem. They found that the slurping noise was making some foreign visitors uncomfortable.
As a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise- canceling fork last month. The fork looks like an electric toothbrush. It is connected wirelessly to a smartphone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork will send a signal to the person’s phone. Then the phone will play a sound to mask the slurping noise.
But is it really necessary? Dining traditions and table manners do vary. In India, people eat with their hands. They think they build a connection with the food in this way. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it unacceptable to get their hands covered in oil or sauce. But this eating method is part of India’s culture, just like Japan’s slurping is part of its own.
“So, if you are eating noodles, please slurp as you like,” wrote a Japanese food blogger. “If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, ignore them. They’re missing the point entirely.”
1. The following are the reasons for slurping when eating noodles except ________.A.Showing love for the noodles. |
B.Improving the flavor of the noodles. |
C.Showing good manners. |
D.Adding to the pleasure of eating noodles. |
A.Annoyance. | B.Anxiety. | C.Politeness. | D.Appreciation. |
A.The fork removes the slurping noise. |
B.The fork can be used as an electric toothbrush. |
C.A smartphone reminds the user to stop slurping. |
D.A smartphone receives a signal from the fork and plays a sound to hide the noise. |
A.To tell us the culture of India. |
B.To show that forks are unnecessary. |
C.To give an example of cultural differences. |
D.To show the Indian way of solving the problem. |