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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.4 引用次数:172 题号:5009409

The more hours that young children spend in child care, the more likely they are to turn out aggressive and disobedient by the time they are in kindergarten, according to the largest study of child care and development ever conducted. Researchers said this correlation (相关性) held true regardless of whether the children came from rich or poor homes, were looked after by a relative or at a center, and whether they were girls or boys.

What is uncertain, however, is whether the child care actually causes the problem or whether children likely to turn out aggressive happen to be those who spend more hours in child care. It also remains unclear whether reducing the amount of time in child care will reduce the risk that a child will turn into a mean person. What’s more, quality child care is associated with increased skills in intellectual ability such as language and memory, leading some academics to suggest that child care turns out children who are “smart and naughty”.

The government-sponsored research, which has tracked more than 1,300 children at 10 sites across the country since 1991, is bound to cause the debate over child care again: How should people balance work and family? And how should parents, especially mothers. Resolve the demands that are placed on them to be both breadwinners and supermoms?

That debate was already on display at a news briefing yesterday, where researchers themselves had different opinions about the data and its implications (含义). “There is a constant relationship between time in care and problem behavior, especially those involving aggression and behavior,” said Jay Belsky of Birkbeck College in London, one of the lead investigators of the study who has previously annoyed women’s groups because of his criticisms of child care. “On behalf of fathers or mothers?” interrupted Sarah Friedman, a developmental psychologist at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and one of the other lead scientists on the study. “On behalf of parents and families,” responded Belsky.

“NICHD is not willing to get into policy recommendations.” said Friedman, contradicting her colleague. “There are other possibilities that can be entertained. Yes it is a quick solution—more hours in child care is associated with more problems. The easy solution is to cut the number of hours but that may have implications for the family that may not be beneficial for the development of the children in terms of economics.” In an interview after the briefing, Friedman said that asking parents to work fewer hours and spend more time with their children usually meant a loss of family income, which adversely(不利地) affects children.

Scientists said that the study was highly reliable. But the researchers said they had no idea whether the behavioral difficulties persisted as the children moved to higher grades.

1. Children who spend more time in quality child care will ________.
A.develop greater ability in languageB.be easy to manage and less naughty
C.possess great risk-taking spiritD.be greedy and mean to their classmates
2. What is still unknown about higher level of aggressiveness in kindergarten children?
A.Whether higher level of aggressiveness can be avoided with longer child care.
B.Where longer child care equally affects children from different families.
C.Whether aggressiveness is a direct result of longer child care.
D.Whether longer child care improves intellectual ability in children.
3. In the fifth paragraph the word “it” probably means ________.
A.NICHD is unwilling to give parents recommendations
B.NICHD is willing to give policy advice concerning child care
C.the number of hours in child care should be reduced significantly
D.parents should discipline the behavior of their children more strictly
4. According to Friedman, Cutting the number of hours in child care ________.
A.may prevent families from having the necessary financial sources
B.will make families unable to enjoy much of the social benefits
C.will result in subsequent behavioral difficulties in children
D.should be accompanied with the improvement in the quality of child care
【知识点】 家人和亲人

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【推荐1】One summer night, a boy felt himself lifted from bed by his father. Dazed with sleep, he saw stars flashing across the heavens. “What is it?” the child whispered. “Shooting stars. They come every year in August.” Decades have passed, but I remember that night still, because I was the fortunate boy whose father believed a new experience was more important than an unbroken night’s sleep.

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I have a friend, a psychiatrist, who says there are two types of people: those who think of life as a privilege and those who think of it as a problem. The first type is enthusiastic and energetic. The other type is suspicious and self-centered. And he adds, “Tell me about your childhood and I can tell you which type you are likely to be.”

The real purpose, then, of trying to open doors for children is to build eager and outgoing attitudes, which is the most valuable legacy we can pass on to the next generation. But why don’t we work harder at it? Probably because sometimes we don’t have the awareness or the selflessness or the energy. And yet, for those of us who care what becomes of our children, the challenge is always there but the opportunities also come repeatedly. Many years have passed since that night. And next year, when August comes with its shooting stars, my son will be seven.

1. Why does the author mention the girl in Paragraph 2?
A.To show parental impact on children’s passion.
B.To suggest hobbies always start from the small.
C.To highlight the importance of diverse experiences.
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2. What do the underlined words “adding dimensions to” in Paragraph 2 mean?
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A.Stability in upbringing builds confidence.
B.Parenting styles requires professional guidance.
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D.One’s personality is related to childhood experiences.
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A.The author is always addicted to shooting stars.
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D.It is impossible to unlock kids’ potential without eagerness.
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【推荐2】I grew up in San Pedro. My dad was a fisherman, and he loved the sea. He had his own boat, but it was hard making a living on the sea. He worked hard and would stay out until he caught enough to feed the family. Not just enough for our family, but also for his mom and dad and the other kids that were still at home.

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Guys, you don’t know what I would give to have my dad give me just one more kiss on the cheek...to feel his rough old face...to smell the ocean on him...to feel his arm around my neck. I wish I had been a man then. If I had been a man, I would be a man. I would never have told my dad I was too old for a goodbye kiss.

1. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?
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B.attract readers to visit his father
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【推荐3】A funeral or an obituary (讣告)is traditionally how we honor those who have died. But the way we remember loved ones is changing, as thousands of families turn to one project using TikTok and a surfboard.

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