Finding a mountain goat resting high on a cliff(悬崖) might thrill many of the millions of tourists who visit Wyoming’s Grand Teton National Park every year, but park officials say it might be time for the bearded animals to go.
The problem, according to the park, is that Grand Teton’s 100 or so mountain goats threaten about 80 bighorn sheep. The bighorn sheep numbered as many as 125 just a few years ago. The strong goats spread disease and compete with bighorn sheep for food. Unlike small-sized bighorn sheep, Grand Teton’s mountain goats aren’t native to the park. They were introduced to the park in the 1960s.
Grand Teton spokeswoman Denise Germann said, “We’ve got a management responsibility to protect the native species. After hearing from the public on the proposal (建议) in January, park officials expect to decide as soon as mid-February on what to do about the mountain goats.”
The goats are reproducing rapidly. Now might be the best time to reduce the animals before they’re too many to bring under control, according to the Park Service.
One wildlife biologist who studies bighorn sheep praised the proposal. Mountain goats’ original habitat is nowhere close to where they’ve been introduced in the U.S. to provide hunting opportunities, said Rob Roy Ramey II, with Nederland, Colorado-based Wildlife Science International, Inc.
Wildlife managers should get rid of mountain goats not only in Grand Teton but elsewhere to help struggling bighorn sheep, Ramey said. “Unfortunately, state wildlife agencies sell nonnative wildlife viewing opportunities to the public,” Ramey said. “This is not a zoo in the wilderness. It should really be for native wildlife.”
1. What can be learnt about the bighorn sheep in the park?A.Their size is huge. | B.Their number is decreasing. |
C.They arrived in the 1960s. | D.They threaten local species. |
A.By providing suggestions. | B.By driving away mountain goats. |
C.By volunteering in the park. | D.By taking over Grand Teton National Park. |
A.Curious. | B.Proud. |
C.Surprised. | D.Concerned. |
A.To offer hunting chances. |
B.To sell nonnative wildlife. |
C.To satisfy wildlife managers. |
D.To increase diversities of sheep. |
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【推荐1】With time going on, dogs have developed a special relationship with people. Recently, however, some dogs have taken a different role in people’s lives — therapy dogs.
Reading programs that use therapy dogs have been in existence for more than ten years. All therapy dogs of this program are registered with an organization that tests the dogs to make sure they have the right personality for the job.
At the start of a reading therapy session, a child and a dog are introduced. The pair is allowed to settle down in a quiet corner together.
Not every child will be able to be part of a reading therapy program that uses dogs. A few children might be allergic to dogs or afraid of them; some children might have cultural traditions that prevent them from touching a dog.
Reading therapy programs inspire learning and change for human beings. The readers benefit a lot, gaining confidence and learning that reading aloud can be a relaxing experience.
A.As the child reads, the dog usually lies quietly and listens. |
B.A dog’s handler also takes a class and must pass a test to work in the therapy program. |
C.When reading to an animal, some children may become relaxed. |
D.A therapy dog is more of a companion and is trained to help people in different ways. |
E.But therapy animals also serve in many other areas. |
F.In these circumstances, other animals are available, such as cats and parrots. |
G.But how do the therapy dogs benefit from it? |
【推荐2】Koalas live in the eucalyptus (枝树) forests of southeastern and eastern Australia. They rely on the eucalyptus tree for both habitat and food. In fact, they seldom leave these trees. When not sleeping, they’re usually eating. They can eat more than a pound of eucalyptus leaves a day. Eucalyptus is poisonous, so the koala’s digestive (消化的) system has to work hard to digest it, breaking down the poisons and taking in the limited nutrients (营养). That’s why koalas sleep for 18 to 22 hours a day—they get very little energy from their diet.
Koala numbers decreased in the late 19th and early 20th century from hunting for their fur. Now they face serious threats from habitat loss. Land clearing and bush fires-especially the 2019-2020 Australia Bushfire Season-have destroyed much of the forest they live in. Koalas are easy to be affected by climate change. Increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is decreasing the nutritional quality of eucalyptus leaves and causing longer, more serious droughts and wildfires. In response to drought, koalas are forced to stop sleeping and come down from the trees to find water, putting them at a higher risk of being killed.
Koalas have been identified by the Australian government as one of the 113 animals requiring urgent (紧急的) help. Ensuring there’s the right kind of forest for them to return to is extremely urgent. State governments should create new koala reserves and persuade landowners not to cut down eucalyptus trees. Meanwhile, getting the public to understand koalas’ living habits and their health will throw light on koala biology, which helps to develop plans to better protect the species.
1. What can we learn about koalas?A.They like moving around very much. | B.They can be found everywhere in Australia. |
C.They have developed smart survival skills. | D.They often got ill while eating eucalyptus leaves. |
A.Koalas’ newly-formed habits. | B.The potential threats to Koalas. |
C.Koalas’ decreasing population. | D.The outcomes of increased carbon dioxide. |
A.Make sure they can have their habitat back. |
B.Conduct the research on their living habits. |
C.Realize that they are sensitive to climate change. |
D.Educate people about the awareness of protecting them. |
A.A travel brochure. | B.A nature magazine. |
C.A sports newspaper. | D.A health magazine. |
【推荐3】Just as human beings have to learn to speak, birds also have to learn how to sing. They do this in several stages.
First, they practise tones and sounds, which can be compared to the baby stage in human language development. Then, birds practise their song for eight to nine months, until memory and practice match up. The singing is strengthened during the final stage.
Humans and birds both appear to go through a stage when the brain is particularly receptive to learning language or song. This is why birds have to hear other birds of their own species sing while they are still young, otherwise, they won’t be able to produce much more than a whistle later on.
So do birds sing with an accent? Birds don’t all sing the same songs, not even within a species. Although the members of each bird species share a vocabulary of sounds, dialect differences are quite common. Among yellowhammers, a distance of a few hundred metres is enough for the birds’ song to change. The individual dialects are learnt while the birds are still chicks in the nest—just as children adopt the dialect of their parents. The young birds always sing as well or as badly as their teachers, because the adults on which they model themselves vary in style and talent from region to region.
Some bird species have more than 60 dialects, and many singers can be described as multilingual. Males that master several dialects have a better chance of finding a mate since females prefer mates from the same dialect family. Bird dialects also help to drive evolution, because different songs cause the formation of new sub-species and eventually even completely new species.
1. How do young birds gain the skill of singing?A.By matching singing with their inborn memory. | B.By practicing tones and sounds to their best. |
C.By imitating the birds of their own species. | D.By trying hard to produce many whistles. |
A.They are receptive to learning different songs. | B.They have different vocabulary of sounds. |
C.Their parents have different sounding features. | D.Their talents in singing vary individually. |
A.Follow an example. | B.Work as a model. |
C.Change dialects. | D.Show respects. |
A.Scaring enemies away. | B.Enriching language varieties. |
C.Enlarging territories. | D.Promoting mating and evolving. |
【推荐1】I was only five, but my memories of the serious rainstorm that hit my hometown of Jinan, Shangdong province, on the night of August 26 1987, are still vivid.
My family lived in an apartment in a row of buildings near the Xiao-qing River. Starting from Jinan, the river flows into Bohai Bay. Before the industrialization of the city started in the 1970s, the river served as a lifeline between the city and the coast, along which boats transported coal to the coast, returning with full loads (装) of sea salt. But the river started serving as a channel for industrial wastewater from the factories in the 1980s, as well as house-hold wastewater produced by the city as thousands of people came to work in the factories.
With the water becoming dark and smelly, fish and shrimps soon disappeared. My father said the river had “died”, and people might be punished for it. I had no idea what he meant. But that night I found out what the punishment was.
Flashes of lightning followed by loud thunders (雷声) broke the peace. In a minute, the rain poured down. All the houses were flooded. My mother rushed to wake me. I remember seeing the bed floating off the floor in the floodwater. My mom carried me on her back away from our home to the top of the dam walking waist-deep (齐腰深) in the water.
We were all homeless and were arranged to live in a nearby hotel. After the flood, people were worried and anxious to go home to check what the damage was. In the following twenty years, the houses were hit by similar floods several times until finally the river has been widened and cleared. Whenever I go back to my hometown, I remembered the days when I learned to live with floods.
1. What do we know about Xiao-qing River before the 1970s?A.It was dark and smelled bad with wastewater from factories. |
B.It was clean and served as an important transportation line. |
C.It was polluted as there were lots of boats carrying coal. |
D.It was lively when thousands of people settled along it. |
①A lot of wastewater was sent into the river, making the river no longer what it was.
②They lost their homes and learned an important lesson.
③Heavy rain hit my hometown and a serious flood happened
④People escaped to the top of the dam to stay safe.
A.①③④② | B.③②④① | C.②①③④ | D.④③ ②① |
A.Killing all the fish in the river. | B.Polluting the river with wastewater. |
C.Allowing too many people in the factories. | D.Ignoring my father’s warnings. |
A.explain the importance of water in people’s life |
B.argue for the best way to live with floods |
C.tell that to protect the river is to protect ourselves |
D.remind people that floods can cause serious damage |
A.An unforgettable night. | B.Flood control in Jinan. |
C.A flood rescue. | D.Impression on Xiao-qing River. |
【推荐2】Scientists are urging that deep sea metal mining should be stopped temporarily. They warn in a report that it can cause severe damaging effects on Pacific Ocean areas.
The recently-released report examined more than 250 published studies on deep-sea mining. The research was examined by the Deep Sea Mining Campaign — a collection of not-for profit organizations. The report centers on mining activities related to small metallic particles(金属颗粒),called nodules, found on the seabed. The material can contain different metals. Increasing demand for these metals has led to a rise in deep-sea mining operations. The metals are commonly used in battery manufacturing and other technology products.
However, the scientists warn that mining for these nodules will cause irreversible(不可逆的) damage to an ocean already under pressure. The operations will affect areas across the South Pacific, including the nations of Kiribati, the Cook Islands, Nauru, Tonga and Papua New Guinea.
The report notes that a moratorium is the only responsible way to move forward until certain conditions surrounding deep-sea mining can be met. The scientists are calling for additional study to fully understand the environmental, social and economic risks.
Andrew Chin is the report's lead researcher. He says in a statement that nodule mining will likely result in the loss of sea life and cause damage to deep seabeds for thousands of years. He adds that the operations can put people at risk who depend on the ocean and its continued health.
A company planning to be one of the first to carry out mining operations in the area is Canada's DeepGreen, which aims to begin by 2024. It seeks to mine metallic nodules to be used in power systems for electric vehicles. DeepGreen Chief Executive Officer Gerard Barron defended the company's plans in reaction to the report. He said deep-sea mining offered the best alternative to surface mining, which has long history of pollution and destroying forests and wildlife.
1. Why are deep-sea mining operations on the rise?A.More metals are needed. | B.Surface mining is banned. |
C.Battery industry is falling. | D.The seabed is easy to find. |
A.Loose measure. | B.Thorough study. |
C.Permanent deal. | D.Temporary stop. |
A.Conditions surrounding deep-sea mining are great. |
B.The damage caused by nodule mining is reversible. |
C.Nodule mining can cause harm in various aspects. |
D.People sure less likely to be affected by nodule mining, |
A.Opposed. | B.Supportive. |
C.Ambiguous. | D.Unconcerned. |
A.introduce a new mining technology |
B.inspire deep-sea mining |
C.draw attention to environmental protecting |
D.call on the stop of mining in the sea |
【推荐3】Hundreds of thousands of lives were saved in 2017 alone because of the improvement of the environment, according to a new research. Fine particle pollution declined rapidly following the new rules on industrial emissions and the promotion of clean fuels, according to the study, published on Monday in the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The study, which focused on the period from 2013-2017, was conducted by a group of Chinese researchers and scientist.
PM2.5, as this kind of pollution is known, is so small that it can enter the bloodstream, potentially leading to cancer, stroke and heart attack in the long term. After rapid industrialization and weak regulations left the country with a reputation for smog and bad air quality, Chinese authorities started to take air pollution seriously in 2008.
In 2013, Beijing had PM2.5 concentrations 40 times higher than levels recommended by the World Health Organization(WHO), and the government introduced its toughest-ever clean air policies that year. The study found “significant declines” in PM2.5 levels across China from 2013-2017, with new emissions rules for vehicles. The authors say this “confirms the effectiveness of China’s recent clean air actions.”
These recent actions have seen Beijing fall out of the top 100 most-polluted cities in Asia in recent years, with the pollution levels 10% lower across Chinese cities between 2017 and 2018, according to a report by Greenpeace and Air Visual. Shanghai, the country’s largest city and financial capital, has also made environmental advances, such as adopting strict recycling regulations. Public pressure has been the driving force of pollution policy in China.
Air pollution is a global issue, and India is now home to 22 of the 30 most polluted world cities, according to the Greenpeace and Air Visual report. In the US, a recent study said air pollution was linked to more than 107,000 deaths in 2011 and cost the country $866 billion.
1. What saved many lives in China?A.China’s clean air policies. |
B.The increased particle pollution. |
C.The study by researchers. |
D.The reduction of the clean fuels. |
A.It was called smog. |
B.It made the air cleaner. |
C.It went into the blood. |
D.It had a bad reputation. |
A.In 2008. | B.In 2013. |
C.In 2017. | D.In 2018. |
A.They built the thermal power plants. |
B.They stopped using industrial boilers. |
C.They made Shanghai financial capital. |
D.They tried to recycle some rubbish. |