While elephants born without tusks (长牙)are not unheard of,they normally form just 2 to 6 percent of the population. However, that is not the case at Mozambique’s Gorongosa National Park, where an astonishing 33 percent of female elephants born after the country’s civil war ended in 1992 are tuskless. While that may appear to be just a coincidence, Joyce Poole, an elephant behavior expert, has another theory. The researcher thinks we may be witnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to the constant hunting of elephants for valuable ivory.
Poole says before the country’s 15-year-long civil war, the 100,000-acre park was home to over 4,000 elephants. However, by the time the conflict ended in 1992, about 90 percent of them had been killed for ivory to help finance weapons (武器)and meat to feed the soldiers. Of the less than 200 survivors, over 50 percent of adult females had no tusks. Therefore, it is not surprising that the park’s tuskless elephant population has grown greatly.
This is not the first time researchers have observed a great change in the population of elephants. At Zambia’s South Luangwa National Park and Lupande Game Management Area, areas which were heavily hunted in the 1970s and 1980s, 35% of elephants 25 years or older and 13% of those younger than 25 are now without tusks. A 2008 study published found that the number of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania went from 10.5 percent in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989, largely due to illegal hunting for ivory.
The recent ban on ivory in both the US and China should help get rid of, or at least reduce, elephant hunting. However, scientists are not sure how long it will take for elephants with a higher rate of tuskless females, to change the trend.
1. What is the probable cause of the phenomenon mentioned in Paragraph 1 ?A.Illegal hunting. | B.Constant farming. |
C.A pure coincidence. | D.Natural evolution. |
A.To get funds by selling ivory. |
B.To develop new weapons. |
C.To provide food for local people. |
D.To make ivory products. |
A.Gorongonsa National Park. |
B.South Luangwa National Park. |
C.The Ruaha National Park. |
D.Lupande Game Management Area. |
A.Elephants facing greater danger. |
B.Elephants growing more slowly. |
C.Fewer female elephants staying alive. |
D.More female elephants being tuskless. |
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【推荐1】Most of the flowers in nature are red, orange and yellow. If we have seen a black flower, it’s a chance in million. People have made a census (普查) to colors of more than four thousand kinds of flowers and discovered that only eight of them are black. As we know, sunlight is formed by seven different colored lights. The wave length of each light is different, so the quantity of heat in each light is also different. Flowers, especially their petals (花瓣), are easy to be harmed by high temperature. Black flowers can take in all the light waves which cause the flowers to dry up in a high temperature. So black flowers can rarely survive sunlight. But red flowers, orange flowers and yellow flowers can protect themselves from sunlight by reflecting the red light, orange light and yellow light, each of which has a large quantity of heat.
1. It is _________ to see a black flower.A.impossible | B.seldom |
C.common | D.no chance |
A.black flowers are so weak that it is difficult for them to grow up. |
B.there is only eight black flowers in nature. |
C.sunlight is formed by seven different colored lights, so the wave length of each light is different. |
D.black flowers can take in the light of all the wave lengths which make them dry up because of high temperature. |
A.People have found that only a few kinds of flowers are black. |
B.Flowers are easy to be harmed by very high temperature. |
C.Red, orange and yellow flowers can also absorb the light of all wave lengths. |
D.The black flowers cannot protect themselves from sunlight. |
【推荐2】Most dog owners know that feeding chocolate to their furry friend is a big no-no. Well, one animal hospital in Alabama believes that “no dog should go to heaven without tasting chocolate.”
Smiths Station Animal Hospital posted a photo to their Facebook page of a jar of Hershey Kisses with the words “Goodbye Kisses” painted on the side. There was also a note from one of the hospital’s doctors that read, “This jar is reserved for our euthanasia (安乐死) appointments...because no dog should go to heaven without tasting chocolate.”
“We try to provide as much comfort as possible during a terribly difficult and emotional time. My staff has always kept little snacks and candy bars around specifically for those appointments,” Dr. Nicole Namie, told WRBL. “Typically, these are treats that I wouldn’t recommend giving to my patients, but in their final moments, I think it’s important to offer them something special.”
“We always give them something to make them feel good and to enjoy the last few minutes,” Jennifer Williams, practice manager at Smiths Station Animal Hospital told Newsweek. She said given that the hospital is in a small community, the staff and doctors become attached to the pets and when it comes time to say goodbye it’s heartbreaking for everyone.
The response to the post has been overwhelming, she said, and the best part has been having people from around the world share their own stories. “It has really turned into a really sweet post,” Williams said. “There is no hate speech on it. Everyone is just showing compassion for each other.” The post has since been shared over 113,000 times on Facebook and made its way to TikTok and Reddit feeds too.
1. What do the underlined words “Hershey Kisses” refer to in Paragraph 2?A.Sweet kisses. | B.Effective medicine. |
C.Heartwarming photos. | D.Tasty chocolate. |
A.It is good for dogs’ health. | B.It serves as dogs’ last treat. |
C.It keeps dogs free from physical pain. | D.It is a recommended drug for euthanasia. |
A.A news story. | B.A lab report. |
C.A research review. | D.A service ad. |
【推荐3】What Your Cat's Behavior is Trying to Communicate
Why cats ignore you.
Cats are intelligent beings but they are also undeniably stubborn. When you call a cat's name, they will more likely ignore you altogether.
Cats love to interrupt whatever you are doing by lying across the area where you are working. Whether you have a book open or are typing away on your laptop, they won't hesitate to stamp on top. This is a cat's way of ordering you to stop whatever you are doing and to instead pay attention to them.
When your cat brings you gifts
At one point or another, every owner has to deal with their cat bringing a dead bird or mouse at their feet. Your cat is actually bringing you a gift.
How cats say "I love you"
Cats make a lot of gestures with their eyes to communicate. If a cat is staring at you, it most likely means that they are trying to get your attention.
When your cat scratches everything
Cats love scratching so much that they will tear up your new sofa. But why do they do this?
A.When cats lift their tails |
B.How cats demand attention |
C.When your cat does this for you |
D.If they look at you and blink slowly |
E.Cats like to lie down on their backs and roll around |
F.This is not because they do not understand their name |
G.It is usually to remove the uncomfortable dead layer of their claws |
【推荐1】Teenagers who travel around the world alone have been making headlines quite often. A young person alone in a dangerous situation attracts attention and supporters. Young sailors also attract various views. For example, Jessica Watson was asked by the government to call off her solo trip across the ocean, yet the Prime Minister (总理) called her “a hero for young Australians” when she returned. It seems views are poles apart on the ability and independence of young people.
Some experts tell us that teenage brains are likely to make wrong judgments. But such ideas often do not apply to specific individuals (个体) . Between the ages of 14 and 18, teenagers differ greatly in their abilities. The amount of independence that each is allowed should be determined not simply by their ages but by discussion with the related, responsible adults. Some teens are certainly inexperienced and make childish mistakes, but the ones who attempt dangerous journeys normally do so by winning the confidence of hard-headed and experienced adult supporters.
But it’s also wrong to think that any 16-year-old can make a hit as Jessica Watson. Watson calls herself “a common girl who had a dream”. Her purpose is to encourage teenagers but this idea can have the opposite effect of making them feel not good enough because great achievements are beyond them. Should all teens have such wild dreams? Actually, individuals face different conditions that limit their dreams.
Teenagers who travel around the world alone should not be judged by preconceived (先入为主的) views about young people. Nor should young “common” teenagers feel pressure to long for extraordinary personal goals. In fact, I believe the example of solo sailing overstresses what an individual can do. The teenage years are when most of us “common” people learn that we can achieve great things in cooperation with others.
1. Why is Jessica Watson mentioned in the first paragraph?A.To set a heroic example for teenagers. |
B.To point out the public’s interest in young people. |
C.To introduce different opinions on teenagers’ adventures. |
D.To show the Prime Minister disagreed with the government. |
A.Different journeys. | B.Brain development. |
C.Communication with adults. | D.Confidence in themselves. |
A.She likes dangerous journeys. | B.Teenagers can make success. |
C.She can accept she is common. | D.Teenagers should go travelling. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Supportive. | C.Uncaring. | D.Uncertain. |
【推荐2】We live in the age of envy. Career envy, kitchen envy, children envy, food envy, holiday envy. You name it, there’s an envy for it. Human beings have always felt what Aristotle defined in the fourth century BC as pain at the sight of another’s good fortune. But with the coming of social media, says Ethan Kross, professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, “envy is being taken to an extreme.” We are constantly bombarded by “Photoshopped lives”, he says, “and that applies a toll (严重的不良影响) on us the likes of which we have never experienced in the history of our species. And it is not particularly pleasant.”
Clinical psychologist Rachel Andrew says she is seeing more and more envy in her consulting room from people who “can’t achieve the lifestyle they want but which they see others have”. Our use of social media platforms, she says, amplifies this deeply disturbing psychological discord. “I think what social media has done is make everyone accessible for comparison,” she explains. “In the past, people might have just envied their neighbors, but now we can compare ourselves with everyone across the world.”
And those comparisons are now much less realistic, Andrew continues: “We all know that images can be filtered, that people are presenting the very best take on their lives.” We carry our envy amplification device around in our pockets, we sleep with it next to our pillows, and it tempts us 24 hours a day, the moment we wake up even if it is the middle of the night. “What I notice is that most of us can intellectualize what we see on social media platforms — we know that these images and narratives that are presented aren’t real, we can talk about it and rationalize it — but on an emotional level, it’s still pushing buttons. If those images or narratives tap into what we desire, but what we don’t have, then it becomes very powerful.”
No age group or social class is immune from envy, according to Andrew. In her consulting room she sees young women, self-conscious about how they look, who begin to follow certain accounts to find hair inspiration or makeup techniques, and end up envying the women they follow and feeling even worse about themselves. But she also sees the same pattern among older businessmen and women who start out looking for strategies and tips on social media websites, and then struggle to accept what they find, which is that some people seem to be more successful than they are. “Equally, it can be friends and family who bring out those feelings of envy, around looks, lifestyle, careers and parenting — because somebody is always doing it better on social media,” she says.
1. Which of the following is true about “the age of envy” in Paragraph 1?A.Watching another’s good fortune used to be a pleasant thing to do |
B.Human beings first learn about envy in the fourth century BC |
C.Social media posts have become the source of envy today |
D.People in the time of Aristotle don’t envy others’ lives |
A.the feeling of being inferior after comparing to other people |
B.the wish to have a better life than your next door neighbor |
C.the desire to look cool in every social media photo |
D.the lifestyle that is most chased after by others |
A.Envy doesn’t usually apply to our family and close friends. |
B.The older we get, the less likely we feel jealous about other people. |
C.We get jealous when other people become the focus on social media. |
D.Envy is an emotion that even rational people may not be able to avoid. |
A.How to Overcome Social Media Jealousy |
B.Why Social Media Affects Our Mental Health |
C.How Social Media Can Increase Feelings of Envy |
D.Why Heavy Social Media Use Is Linked to Depression |
【推荐3】The variety of choices today, especially in entertainment and products, is almost beyond comprehension.
Going shopping? There's exponentially more to choose from at your local supermarket in almost every category. It's not just groceries, of course. Need a power saw? How about paint for your wall? So many options you could reasonably throw up your hands in despair.
Yet, I'm willing to bet if someone asked you whether you'd prefer more choices in life or fewer, you'd pick more. “Since, why not? More is better, right?”
However, here's what you lose when you have unlimited choices. First, peace of mind. It's stressful to have to go through an enormous menus of options, since it takes effort to sift through the pros and cons of each, and what if you choose wrong? In an often cited study done at Wharton, customers in a gourmet grocery story were watched as they passed a display of cither 6 or 24 types of jam. While more customers were drawn to the larger display, only 3 percent of shoppers who passed by bought jam at that table.
But beyond our confusion when we're faced with enormous choices, we have also lost a sense of community. Those three national TV networks back in the day aired shows that nearly everyone watched and that you could talk about with the confidence that they were well known by all. Today, you can't assume that any of your friends or coworkers are on the same page.
It's nice, of course, that there are so many choices. But the downside is that at a time when our society is crying for unity, some interest groups often cut off their fans from the rest of our society.
Obviously, we cannot change the present situation. Even as we feel overwhelmed by choice, we certainly wouldn't want someone else to decide which choices we should give up for the sake of peace of mind. But I do sometimes miss the days when decision-making wasn't always a detailed search among endless possibilities for that one, shining, perfect choice that we will never find.
1. What is the function of the second paragraph?A.To put forward a view point. | B.To provide some advice for the readers. |
C.To give more examples of choice today. | D.To introduce a new topic for discussion. |
A.It drives us apart. | B.It makes us lose peace of mind. |
C.It provides endless possibilities. | D.It makes us lose a sense of community. |
A.The author is willing to have others make a choice for him. |
B.The author prefers the days when there weren't so many choices. |
C.The author wants to sacrifice his peace of mind to make a choice. |
D.The author thinks we should make a detailed search before making decisions. |
A.More is not better | B.Live in the moment |
C.Be brave to make a choice | D.So many goods to choose from |