Every country has certain cultural patterns making it unique. Of course, habits and customs between cultures and countries tend to overlap(重叠). The popularity of social media, for instance, ignores borders and breaks down cultural differences. Technology has made the world a much smaller and culturally similar place. However, when looking at a foreign country, we will always find differences between our traditions and theirs. Young Italians and young Americans, for example, though alike in many respects, have also some pronounced differences, especially when it comes to work, pastimes and sports.
Most American teens have part-time jobs through high school and college. Youths in Italy tend not to. The reasons behind this are multifaceted. It is, to begin with, rather hard in Italy to find the type of part-time jobs students usually take up. Moreover, there is also a different cultural attitude to take into consideration, especially when thinking of certain parts of Italy. Young Italians like to enjoy life to the full and feel there will be time to work once they become adults, hence the lack of interest in finding odd jobs while still in school. Like the old saying goes, some Italians work to Live, while some Americans often live to work.
In a lot of ways, young Italians and Americans spend their free time in a similar fashion. Listening to music, watching movies, hanging out, practicing sports and surfing the Internet are all common ways to pass some free time. Italians, especially, make a point of going out and being social, often choosing between pizzeria or birrerie (place for pizza or beer), which stay open late. Italians often pile into a couple of cars and go out in a big group. In general, American teens participate in a lot of extracurricular(课外的) activities, many often through school, while Italians may not take part in so many.
When going out, Italian teens tend to meet and gather on the streets of their cities or towns, something not as common in the United States, especially in highly populated areas. This very Italian habit can be linked to the urban arrangement of Italian towns. Many of them date back thousands of years and feature central piazzas(广场) and areas built around historical sites that have now become gathering places for the young. If you’re in Italy, don’t be surprised by the sight of hundreds gathered in a piazza or on the street, laughing and drinking the night away.
1. The passage is mainly about ________.| A．the unique lifestyles shared by American and Italian teens |
| B．the relationship between young people of America and Italy |
| C．some customs and habits of the Americans and Italians |
| D．some differences in tradition between young Americans and Italians |
| A．Italians have a better life attitude toward working |
| B．Americans are more diligent and thus live a better life |
| C．Americans and Italians both find it hard to locate a satisfying job |
| D．Italians and Americans have different choices regarding work |
| A．American teens practice sports and surf the Internet to pass time. |
| B．Italian youth take an active part in extracurricular activities. |
| C．American teens like to drive out and social together in big groups. |
| D．Italian youth enjoy pizza and beer because they are cheap. |
| A．The working conditions of the young Americans and Italians. |
| B．The differences in practicing sports between teens of the two nations. |
| C．The central piazzas and areas built around historical sites in Italy. |
| D．The urban arrangement of the highly populated American cities. |
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【推荐1】It’s easy to think festivals are just about drinking and dancing, but festivals are also representatives of what a certain way of life thinks, the way they express themselves. I’ve been to over 60 festivals in 22 different countries, and I still want to experience more. One of the main reasons I enjoy going to international festivals so much is the fact that they are a microcosm of what they represent. Festivals are an opportunity to see as much as possible in a weekend into worlds so different, or even familiar, of my own.
Festivals are a fascinating insight into a group of individuals with a common understanding and the world they are living in. This is also one of the reasons I enjoy international festivals.
I ticked off a huge bucket list festival in Lake of Stars Festival in Malawi a few years ago. I was unwell and not my usual party self, but, it gave me the opportunity instead to sit and listen to the local poets. Through their poetry they enlightened me to some of the issues of the day — calling out their “fat government” and covering everything from housing, to relationships, to the nominal (名义上的) opportunities.
The importance of celebrating festivals abroad isn’t just to gather with your “tribe”. What I learned in a few poems at Lake of Stars Festival were fascinating insights into modern social issues and the Malawi of the present, which I would have had to dig deep to find out. And I probably wouldn’t have bothered to, to be honest.
Even if only for a weekend, what I learned there from the poets and artists gave me a better understanding of what life was like in Malawi.
You never know what you’re going to learn when you visit a new festival. That’s all part of the fun and expectation.
Comedy makes current social issues fun, music makes them melodic (有旋律的), while poetry makes them considered and heartfelt. Festivals bring you them all.
1. What does the underlined word “microcosm” in paragraph 1 probably mean?| A．Different view. | B．Mixed reaction. |
| C．Rare opportunity. | D．Small world. |
| A．He can learn about the world. |
| B．He likes having fun with others. |
| C．He expects to get job opportunities there. |
| D．He enjoys tasting a variety of drinks and food. |
| A．Commercial | B．Instructive |
| C．Informal. | D．Huge. |
| A．The author’s wishes. | B．The greatness of poets. |
| C．The significance of festivals. | D．The differences between festivals. |
【推荐2】We tend to take holiday colors for granted, since they’re so deep-rooted in our culture. It’s usually pretty obvious what colors go with what holidays. But what might be less obvious is why certain colors are associated with certain holidays. For instance, as black and orange begin to take over department store corridor as decorations, we wonder how these colors became so popular for the holiday. Is it just because of black cats and pumpkins, or is there a deeper meaning to it?
Black
To learn how black became associated with Halloween, we'll have to explore the history of the holiday itself. Halloween can date back to a pagan celebration called Samhain, a ceremony that the ancient Celts celebrated in late October and early November. The purpose of the celebration was to welcome in the time of harvest, and with it, “the dark half of the year”.
But the true symbolic significance of black had to do with death, as did the holiday. The ancient Celts believed that during Samhain, the boundaries between the living and the dead were weakened. So the celebration would also include offerings to dead ancestors, and celebrants would wear deep black mourning dress.
Orange
Orange is a little self-explanatory. But it also has to do with the particular time of year. Again, Samhain was introducing the harvest time; people would have seen the trees turn orange after months of greenery. But the orange also has to do with another important component of the ancient Samhain celebrations: fire. The ancient Celts would light community fires while leaving the fires in their own fireplace to bum out. The fires could also be ceremonies to help defend against devils while the gateway between the living and the dead was weak. And those fires certainly would have been orange!
1. Why does the author raise the question in Paragraph 1?| A．To give an example. | B．To prove the opinion. |
| C．To present the topic. | D．To arouse readers’ interest. |
| A．Mourning ancestors. | B．A welcome of the harvest. |
| C．A celebration of Samhain. | D．The weakened boundaries. |
| A．Orange trees brought harvest to people. |
| B．The meaning of Orange is difficult to explain. |
| C．People left the fire to bum out to keep warm. |
| D．The color of fire was believed to drive away devils. |
| A．Connections between Black and Orange. |
| B．The most popular colors of Halloween. |
| C．Certain colors are associated with certain holidays. |
| D．The Ways for Ancient people to Celebrate Halloween. |
【推荐3】Tipping isn’t a big part of British culture, unlike in North America, where waiters and waitresses are paid below minimum wage. Tips are usually appreciated, but offering a tip of some services can cause confusion.
In casual restaurants, where you pay for your order at a counter but food is brought to your table, tipping is uncommon. You are welcome to leave a pound or two if you wish. In restaurants where you place your order with a waiter or a waitress and receive your food and bill at your table, it’s customary to tip around 10 percent. In some restaurants, a service charge may be added to the bill automatically, typically 10 or 12.5 percent. In this case, you don’t need to add a further tip. When you pay by credit card, the machine may ask if you want to add a tip. Check your bill to see if a service charge has already been added before paying—if so you don’t need to add a tip on the machine. You can request the service charge be removed from your bill if you are unhappy with the service. In some cases a restaurant may print “service not included” on the bill or menu. This is a request for a tip. You’re not forced to offer anything, but 10 percent would be normal in this situation. Tipping in cafes and fast food restaurant is not expected.
If you use a taxi, round the fare up to the nearest pound shown on the meter. On a journey from or to the airport in a booked minicab you might wish to trip 2 or 3 pounds if the driver helps with your bags.
Be sure to check a country’s tipping culture before you start your tip. For more information, visit TripAdvisor.com.
1. According to the text, ________ in British culture.| A．it is necessary to tip if you are served in cafes |
| B．it is confusing to tip if you receive your bill at your table |
| C．it is customary to tip if “service not included” is printed on the bill |
| D．it is compulsory to tip even if the service is unsatisfying in some restaurants |
| A．the service charge can be added on the machine |
| B．the service charge must have been included in the bill automatically |
| C．the service charge can’t be refused |
| D．the service charge needn’t be checked before you pay |
| A．58.4 pounds | B．59 pounds |
| C．61 pounds | D．64 pounds |
| A．Introduction of TripAdvisor.com | B．Occasions for Tipping |
| C．Advice on Tipping in Restaurants | D．British Ways to Tipping |
【推荐1】It is essential that students have a category of school-related activities they can participate in. These activities can range from activities during normal school hours to after-school activities. No matter the time, these activities should be available to every student, and at Victory Pioneers International Schools (V.P.I.S) it is encouraged that every student participate in at least one activity, educational and recreational.
One of the primary reasons school activities are important at V.P.I.S. is because it gives students the exercise they might not normally receive. Most popularly, these types of activities include major sports such as football, basketball, baseball, tennis, track and field and soccer but also might include gymnasium games and other games.
Activities during V.P.I.S. also make a good impression on colleges if students are planning to pursue more education. Colleges look for students who do not just go to school and go home after school. These activities range from participating in clubs and sports to volunteering after school at a recreation center or having a part-time job. If a college sees you maintained good grades while participating in these activities, it will be impressed.
V.P.I.S. activities also allow students to be creative. Gifted-and-talented activities allow gifted students to participate in what they otherwise would never have experienced in the classroom. They are a great way to allow students to be creative. Additionally, participating in clubs such as drama that appeal to students’ interest also allows them to expand their knowledge and be creative.
Students also can have their interests expanded by participating in activities. These activities could consist of anything, such as joining the Future Business Leaders, the school’s debate team and the chess team, to name a few. By participating in these activities, a student might realize he is interested in something he never knew he was interested in before.
1. What can we learn about activities at V.P.I.S.?| A．Not every student has access to them. |
| B．Students are required to take part in them after school. |
| C．They give students exercise that might not be got in other schools. |
| D．Educational activities are more popular with the students. |
| A．They can get extra grades when applying for colleges. |
| B．They will become more gifted and talented . |
| C．They may expand their knowledge in drama. |
| D．They may better know their own interests. |
| A．The Benefits of V.P.I.S. Activities | B．School-related Activities at V.P.I.S. |
| C．Colleges Need Creative Students | D．Activities Make You Creative |
| A．A scientific magazine. | B．A college application guideline. |
| C．A club introduction. | D．The website of V.P.I.S. |
【推荐2】When you love working out, taking a break from exercise can seem a waste of time – there are training plans to follow and goals to be met. So, what’s the problem? According to new research, excessive training can be damaging to mental well-being.
“The benefits of regular physical activity are well-established, but it’s possible to have too much of a good thing,” says Hayley Jarvis, head of physical activity at Mind. But how do you know if you’re doing too much? “Over-exercising can mean training for too long or too intensely without enough rest for your personal limits,” she says. “Some of us may feel unable to stop.” Indeed, Mind’s research shows almost 40 per cent of us feel guilty if we miss a workout and less than 59 percent regularly take a rest day. So should you be taking more time out?
By exercising beyond your limits, not only could you injure your body and reduce muscle mass, you could also end up feeling anxious, too. Over-exercising can impact your mood, relationships and ability to function in other areas of your life, warns Jarvis. “Exercise releases the stress hormone cortisol. For most people, this can help you better manage stress levels. Over-exercising, however, can lead to increased levels of cortisol in the blood stream which can lead to poor sleep, depression and problems with memory and concentration.”
Still not convinced? If you find it hard to put down your trainers, you’re not alone. Up to 10 per cent of endurance athletes are affected by overtraining syndrome, with common effects including muscle soreness, persistent fatigue and even mental breakdown, says Professor James Goodwin, director of science and research impact at Brain Health Network. “In addition, over-exercise can stimulate hyper inflammation, which has a severe effect on brain health.” There is a simple solution, however. “It has been shown that fatigue may be delayed almost indefinitely by frequent and regular short breaks,” assures Goodwin.
1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?| A．What effects can over-exercising lead to. | B．Why regular exercise is important to work. |
| C．How do we know when exercising too much. | D．Whether many people insist on exercising daily. |
| A．Effects of over-exercising. | B．Definitions of over-exercising. |
| C．Ways to reach people’s limits. | D．Benefits of exercise with friends. |
| A．Favorable. | B．Tolerant. | C．Disapproving. | D．Unclear. |
| A．Over-exercising can lead to severe stress problems. |
| B．Brain health can be guaranteed by improving concentration. |
| C．Taking a rest from over-exercising can ease exhaustion/tiredness. |
| D．Over-training syndrome is common for those who exercise regularly. |
| A．Other solutions to avoid exercise too much. |
| B．The importance of taking a break to health experts. |
| C．Other factors that may influence mental well-being. |
| D．The reasons why resting benefits people exercising too much. |
| A．What is over-exercising? | B．Take a break from exercise. |
| C．Say no to extreme exercise. | D．How to balance exercise and work? |
【推荐3】After astonishing breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI), many people worry that they will end up without job opportunities. A recent paper says that “around 80% of the us workforce could have at least 10% of their work tasks affected”. Another paper suggests that legal services, accountancy and travel agencies will face significant and unexpected disruptions (混乱).
Economists, however, tend to enjoy making predictions about automation more than they enjoy testing them. In the early 2010s many of them loudly predicted that robots would kill jobs by the millions, only to fall silent when employment rates across the rich world rose to all-time highs. Few of them have a good explanation for why countries with the highest rates of tech usage, such as Japan, Singapore and South Korea, consistently have the lowest rates of unemployment.
Here we introduce our first attempt at tracking AI’s impact on jobs. Using American data on employment by occupation, we single out white-collar workers. These include people working in everything from back-office support and financial operations to copy-writers. White-collar roles are thought to be vulnerable to generative AI, which is becoming ever better at logical reasoning and creativity. However, there is as yet little evidence of an AI hit to employment. In the spring of 2020 white-collar jobs rose as a share of the total, as many people in service occupations lost their job at the start of the covid-19 pandemic.
It is, of course, early days. Few firms yet use generative-AI tools massively, so the impact on jobs could only be delayed. Another possibility, however, is that these new technologies will end up destroying only a small number of roles. While AI may be efficient at some tasks, it may be less good at others, such as management and working out what others need.
AI could even have a positive effect on jobs. If workers using it become more efficient, profits at their company could rise which would then allow bosses to increase hiring.
1. What is the author’s attitude towards the economists’ predictions?| A．Doubtful. | B．Positive. | C．Puzzled. | D．Curious. |
| A．Exposed to. | B．Fond of. | C．At risk from. | D．In need of. |
| A．AI technology is not advanced enough. | B．Businesses are resistant to using AI. |
| C．AI tools are ineffective for most tasks. | D．AI tools are still not widely used. |
| A．A research plan. | B．A user report |
| C．A computer textbook. | D．A science magazine. |
【推荐1】Venice International Film Festival
The Venice International Film Festival takes place every year in late August or early September at the historic Palazzo del Cinema, in Venice, Italy; its main award is the Golden Lion.
Cannes International Film Festival
The Cannes International Film Festival is a famous film festival. It has been held annually in Cannes, in the south of France, since 1946 with a few exceptions. Given massive media exposure, the festival is attended by many film stars and is a popular venue for film producers to launch their new films and attempt to sell their works to the distributors who come from all over the globe.
The most famous award given out at Cannes is the Golden Palm for the best film; this is sometimes shared by multiple films in one year.
Academy Awards
The Academy Awards are the most prominent film award in the United States. The awards are granted by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Academy Awards are nicknamed “Oscars”, which is also the nickname of the statuette (小雕像). The name is said to have been born when Margaret Herrick saw the statuette on a table and said,“It looks just like my uncle Oscar!”
Berlin International Film Festival
It is one of the “A” festivals in Europe. The Berlin International Film Festival, also called the "Berlinale", is held annually in February and started in 195I after an initiative of the American, who was stationed in part of the city after World War Ⅱ. The jury (评审团) always place special emphasis on representing films from all over the world. The awards are called Golden and Silver Bears (as the Bear is the symbol of Berlin).
1. Which award can be shared by multiple films in one year？| A．The Golden Lion. | B． The Academy Awards. |
| C．The Golden Palm. | D． The Golden and Silver Bears. |
| A．It’s the nickname of the Academy Awards. |
| B．It’s also the nickname of the statuette. |
| C．It got its name because Margaret said the statuette looked like her uncle. |
| D．It’s an award in France. |
| A．The Golden Lion. | B．The Academy Awards. |
| C．The Golden Palm. | D．The Golden and Silver Bears. |
| A．It looks like a bear. | B．The bear is the symbol of Berlin. |
| C．It is made up of bear fur. | D．The bear is rare in Berlin. |
【推荐2】Call now to speak to a friendly representative
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1. To have a Stannah stairlift installed, one needs to _________.
| A．remodel one’s living room | B．schedule an in-home assessment |
| C．ensure constant power supply | D．order a special stairway |
| A．rents the model advertised on Boston Globe |
| B．pays for the Stannah model which is on sale |
| C．purchases one brand new Stannah stairlift |
| D．publishes post-sale reviews on Trust-pilot |
| A．It promises to regularly check on the old people who live independently. |
| B．It can be installed easily by following instructions in the brochure. |
| C．It provides fast and free repair services by professional technicians. |
| D．It offers an alternative to old people who don't want to be relocated. |
【推荐3】Tang Dynasty poets sang for about three centuries in different tones. There were many famous poets living in the Tang period, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Li Shangyin. The Poems of Tang Dynasty edited in the Qing Dynasty is a collection of more than 28,900 poems that were written by over 2,200 poets. But it didn't cover all the poems of the Tang Dynasty.
During the Tang Dynasty, poems were recited when lovers walked under the moonlight. Poems were also recited when soldiers fought on the battlefield. People recited them in the open air or at temple fairs.
Tang Dynasty poets wrote poems to win fame and also to develop their temperament (性情). They poured out deep feelings for their friends and criticized injustice in the world through poems.
In the Tang Dynasty scholars had to be poets. Their readers were not only people of high social position but also common people. Poets recited poems, women singers sang poems and other ranks of people, including old women and children, read Tang poems. This atmosphere affected foreigners who visited the country at that time. As a result, Tang poetry was introduced to some adjacent countries, like Japan and Vietnam.
Tang poetry is a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature. It's a miracle (奇迹) in the cultural history of mankind. The Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire with a vast territory. It inherited (继承) Chinese civilization that went back to ancient times, was combined with the best of other cultures and adopted the benefits of other nations in the world. Tang poetry wasn't the only spiritual wealth created by the Tang Dynasty people. Philosophy and religion, handwriting and painting, and music and dance all gained new peaks of development. Tang poetry, however, was the jewel in the crown and its greatest achievement.
1. We can conclude from the passage that ________.| A．only people in the Tang Dynasty created poems |
| B．in total there were four famous poets in the Tang Dynasty |
| C．the Tang Dynasty probably existed for about three centuries |
| D．in the Tang Dynasty most common people were poets |
| A．Why the poets created poems. |
| B．Some other kinds of spiritual wealth in the Tang Dynasty. |
| C．The significance and influence of the Tang Dynasty. |
| D．The editors of The Poems of Tang Dynasty. |
| A．strong | B．neighbouring | C．poor | D．rich |
| A．The Great Tang Dynasty |
| B．Tang Dynasty Poetry |
| C．Famous Poets in the Tang Dynasty |
| D．The Development of the Tang Dynasty |
【推荐1】I was 11 years old when I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010. We were in the fallout of the recession (经济衰退). She said a polite “no”.
That didn’t stop me. I drew the piano keys on a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk. I would click notes on an online keyboard and “play” them back on my paper one. I spent six months playing without touching a real piano. Once my mom saw that I was serious, she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.
I still remember the first one. I was moved by how real the sound of the piano was. I sat my grade one after eight lessons. Once I started secondary school, we couldn’t afford lessons again. I passed grade three, then grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper. One evening, when I was about 13, my mom said she had a surprise for me; it was an electronic keyboard, bought with more borrowed money. It was the first time I’d played for her. She was in shock.
My school didn’t offer music A-level. I found the Purcell School for young musicians. The tryouts (选拔) were difficult. Some of the questions includes an estimation (评价) of the composer (作曲家) or when it was written. However, I was finally offered a place. At Purcell, I spent two years working as hard as I could. I performed to raise money and bought my first piano.
When I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior piano prize and senior academic music prize. I am now at the Guildhall School in London. I feel proud: it’s been 10 years since I drew my paper piano, and I’m at one of the world’s leading music schools.
1. Why did the author’s mom buy him lessons at last?| A．She suddenly made a fortune. |
| B．She had no doubt of his talent as a pianist. |
| C．She realized he meant what he said. |
| D．She was shocked by his first performance. |
| A．Brave. | B．Honest. | C．Humorous. | D．Determined. |
| A．To introduce the method of mental practice. |
| B．To encourage people to stick to their dreams. |
| C．To share how he advised his mom to buy a piano. |
| D．To describe how costly it is to learn an instrument. |
| A．Mother’s love | B．Never give up |
| C．From paper to piano | D．The piano in the dream |
【推荐2】Ralph Waldo Emerson once quoted that “Nothing great can ever be achieved without enthusiasm.” I have a lot of enthusiasm. This is Northlandz in Flemington, New Jersey. Northlandz is the world’s largest model railroad. Well I guess, you know, everybody has a passion for something, my thing was trains.
I had trains around the Christmas tree as a kid. Wherever I lived I was planning track plans and then over 18 years I added five basements onto the house. And from that I got fairly good at making mountains and bridges and design work and we decided to give it to the world so we tore it all down, bought this land and built Northlandz.
Any given day we run between 85 and 90 trains. Here are some of the details in Northlandz inside—about 40,000 feet of track, and about 4,000 buildings over 400 bridges. Many of the mountains in here are three and a half stories high. Most things in here are scratch built. Underneath the entire superstructure there’s enough lumber to build about 42 large houses. It takes a few hours to go through for the average person to see everything.
We went millions into debt to build this place. Everybody thought we were nuts. The only one that believed in what I wanted to do was my wife and she was totally with me on this big time. It’s an artistic effort. It’s a gift to the world of what I can do and it makes a lot of people happy.
1. In Para. 1 the quote of Ralph Waldo Emerson is used to .| A．show that the author is as outstanding as Ralph Waldo Emerson |
| B．illustrate the author’s passion for the creation of Northlandz |
| C．draw readers’ interest in the model railroad called Northlandz |
| D．explain why the author is successful in his career |
| A．The author could drive trains around as a kid. |
| B．The author decided to donate the house to the world. |
| C．When he was 18. the author built five basements of the house. |
| D．The author’s hobby since childhood inspired his building Northlandz. |
| A．It is the largest real railroad throughout the world. |
| B．There run 85 trains on the 40,000 feet of track every day. |
| C．People have to spend much time appreciating every detail of it. |
| D．Many mountains in it are so high as to reach three and a half meters. |
| A．Crazy and skeptical. |
| B．Artistic and admirable. |
| C．Ambitious and pleasant. |
| D．Frustrating and unbelievable. |
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Step 4. Plan the trip to Beijing.
■Application Procedure for Chinese Business Internship (实习）Program
Step 1. Send us a completed application form with your CV and personal statement for the program by email or fax.
Step 2. Send us $ 310, including $60 application fee and $ 250 internship placement deposit, after receiving our letter of acceptance for the program.
Step 3. Arrange final payment transfer after receiving our second confirmation.
Step 4. Plan the trip to Beijing.
■Personal Statement for applicants for Chinese Business Internship Program
You should state why you want to take this program and what your expectations of the program are. How you will make use of this program in your future career.
■ APPLICATION DEADLINES
The applications for most programs are reviewed on a rolling basis. You are encouraged to submit your application ahead of the application deadlines.
■Confirmation
Having received your application, Global Exchange Education Center usually sends out an email confirmation for the booking within 2-5 working days.
1. The text is probably written for ______.
| A．junior high graduates | B．international students |
| C．job seekers | D．language trainers |
| A．$120 | B．$310 | C．$250 | D．$ 370 |
| A．Their purposes of taking the program. |
| B．Their expectations of the program. |
| C．Their future practice of the program. |
| D．Their feedbacks on the program. |
