Fireworks have been enjoyed by countless people ever since they were invented in China during the Tang Dynasty hundreds of years ago. From small family gatherings (团聚) to huge global celebrations, there isn’t a party that couldn’t be made more fun with a few fireworks. But it seems that there’s a big price to pay for some brief beauty and fun.
It’s been discovered that fireworks contain metals such as copper (铜) and lead, in addition to other pollutants like perchlorates (高氯酸盐). According to the Environmental Protection Agency, perchlorates can form naturally or be made. They are an industrial chemical used in rocket fuel and explosives (炸药), and are soluble (可溶解的) in water.
This is a reason for concern because perchlorates negatively affect the thyroid gland (甲状腺), which influences important bodily functions like blood pressure and heart rate.
Furthermore, a study conducted by Terry Gordon, a professor at New York University, examined the emissions(排放物) whose sizes were big enough to enter the lungs. They concluded that these emissions may lead to various dangerous conditions like cancer, heart attacks, and strokes (中风).
It is worth noticing, however, that no studies have proven the connctions between these conditions and the dangerous chemicals in fireworks.
However, the negative effects of firework emissions can be observed in birds. Britain’s Royal Society for the Protection of Birds warns against setting off fireworks close to wildlife areas as they may cause confusion among birds.
In 2010, an incident involving 5,000 red-winged blackbirds falling out of the sky on New Year’s Eve in Arkansas, US supported this idea. A fireworks display held at a nesting ground for blackbirds led to the birds’ night sight being affected, causing them to fall to their deaths.
Arguably (可以说), the use of fireworks during celebrations may be because people don’t realize how they pollute our environment. Companies and researchers could take this cue (线索) and find other new, eco-friendly ways.
After all, for all the beauty fireworks bring, there’s no better beauty than that of our planet’s.
1. According to the article, perchlorates contained in fireworks ______.A.do harm to the thyroid gland |
B.raise the risk of cancer |
C.are dangerous when put in water |
D.are made from copper and lead |
A.fireworks are directly connected with lung cancer |
B.the waste from fireworks could threaten our body |
C.chemicals in fireworks could increase our blood pressure |
D.our body is strong enough to fight against the pollutants in fireworks |
A.Positive. | B.Negative. |
C.Indifferent. | D.Neutral. |
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【推荐1】Breathing dirty air can cost someone’s lifespan (寿命) months—even years, a new study finds. Worldwide, air pollution lowers average lifespans by a year. Scientists shared their new findings in Environmental Science & Technology Letters.
Air pollution (污染) has been linked to many health problems. Most earlier studies have looked at how tiny air pollutants affected rates of illness or death. But now an environmental scientist, Joshua Apte, is going even further. He works at the University of Texas, Austin. He together with his team is looking at life expectancy, hoping to make the threat easier to understand.
PM 2.5 is what scientists call tiny particles of pollution in the air. Higher levels of PM2.5 can cause health problems and cut months, if not years, from the average lifespan. This analysis shows pollution affects life expectancy in different parts of the world.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends limiting PM 2.5 to 10 micrograms (微克) per cubic (立方) meter of air. Apte’s group used data to try to find how this low level would help people. But meeting the WHO standard won’t get rid of health damage from dirty air. That’s because even below 10 micrograms per cubic meter pollution still causes huge risks.
Reducing air pollution could increase life expectancy. The scientists also compared how other threats shorten life spans across the globe. These risk factors included smoking and cancer.
These results show that in poor countries, cleaning up dirty air could greatly increase lifespans. It could have as big an effect as cleaning up drinking water, or curing lung cancer. However, in wealthier countries air pollution shortens life expectancy by less than half a year. All forms of cancer, in fact, shorten the average life expectancy by more than 3.5 years. “Knowing this can really help people or policymakers, decide where to spend their money.” says Kirk Smith.
1. Why is Joshua Apte’s team carrying out the study?A.Know how small air pollutants are. |
B.Study many different healthy problems. |
C.Study the life expectancy of different people. |
D.Let people understand air pollution better. |
A.Its air is very clean. |
B.It will get a prize from WHO. |
C.It still has pollution risks. |
D.Its people will live a healthy life. |
A.The study will help different countries or people take different policies. |
B.Lung cancer is the leading killer in all kinds of cancers. |
C.Reducing air pollution can increase all people’s lifespans much. |
D.It’s very hard to clean up dirty air in a short time. |
A.Many Factors are Affecting People’s Health |
B.Air Pollution is Shortening Lives Worldwide |
C.Governments are Trying to Make Lifespan Long |
D.The Effect of Cancer is Worse than Dirty Air |
【推荐2】Politicians and officials across the world — at local, regional (区域性的) and national level — have been coming up with new ideas to reduce air pollution. More recently, some have pointed the finger at countryside “contributions” to air pollution in the developing world, especially in India and China. During Diwali celebrations at the end of October last year, New Delhi’s pollution level was off the charts, cementing (巩固) the Indian capital’s status as the world’s most polluted large city and causing a nationwide debate on India’s killing smog (雾霾).
Official data from the Delhi Pollution Control Committee showed dangerous levels of smog, with concentrations (浓度) of both PM2.5 and PM10 hitting levels more than 30 times the World Health Organization’s recommended 24 hour average limit. Over the last few years India has held many conferences and workshops to find a solution to the smog. A regional approach is the most common suggestion to have appeared from these conferences, but the situation on the ground has not changed. In fact, it is getting worse with each passing year.
India has more than 100 coal-based power factories with old technology, with burning of crop remains adding to the emissions (排放物). And New Delhi’s grievous pollution is the result of a harmful mixture of emissions from vehicles and coal-fired power factories, fumes (烟) from cooking stoves and crop-burning in neighboring provinces. In Beijing, where air pollution is being treated as a health emergency, the government can order cars off the road and shut down schools and industries if particulates (微粒) threaten to rise to the highest WHO level — New Delhi’s level of pollution is unimaginable in Beijing.
North China, which battles smog in the winter, also has the problem of crop burning. Some local governments in China are punishing farmers who burn their crop remains and thus contributes to the air pollution in nearby cities. The problem is, farmers often burn crop remains as it is the only way to treat remains, and they have to burn coals to keep warm during the freezing winter in North China because they lack other means of heating.
Some will say this reflects elements of unbalanced economic development and the unfairness between countryside and urban areas is at the heart of the issue. Many people ask what options farmers have to keep themselves warm in the winter except by burning crop remains. Ideally, they should be provided with alternative energy sources, solar power or natural gas for example, to keep their homes warm in the freezing winter.
This can be achieved by China without much difficulty, because the country leads the world in investment in renewable energy. The plan, however, needs to be targeted at countryside farmers if we want them to stop adding to the air pollution of cities. Such a development is something I look forward to during my visits to China.
1. What can we know about Indian measures to reduce pollution?A.The Indian regional approach has great effect on smog. |
B.Indians tried their best to reduce pollution effectively. |
C.India did nothing to find a solution to the smog. |
D.The Indian regional approach has no effect on smog. |
A.It has many coal-based power factories with old technology. |
B.A harmful mixture of emissions leads to New Delhi’s serious pollution. |
C.Burning is one way for coal-based power factories to deal with crop remains. |
D.The government can order cars off the road if particulates threaten to rise too high. |
A.New Delhi’s celebrations caused Indian discussion on pollution. |
B.New Delhi’s pollution level has made Indians know its damage. |
C.Pollution created by crop burning is not a problem unique to India. |
D.Farmers can burn crop remains to keep warm around the world. |
A.The government should develop urban areas firstly. |
B.The government should force farmers to use solar power. |
C.The government should permit farmers to burn crop remains. |
D.The government should do more for countryside development. |
【推荐3】Composite image of Europe and North Africa at night, 2016. Credit: NASA Earth NPP Observatory images by Joshua Stevens, using Suomi VIIRS data from Miguel Roman, is oftenNASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. Artificial light seen as a sign of progress: the march of civilization shines a light in the dark; it takes back the night; it illuminates. But a chorus of scientists and advocates argues that unnaturally bright nights are bad not just for astronomers but also for nocturnal (夜间活动的)animals and even for human health.
Now research shows the night is getting even brighter. From 2012 to 2016 the earth's artificially lit area expanded by an estimated 2. 2 percent a year (map), according to a study published last November in Science Advances. Even that increase may understate the problem, however. The measurement excludes light from most of the energy-efficient LED lamps that have been replacing sodium-vapor technology in cities all over the world, says lead study author Christopher Kyba, a postdoctoral researcher at the German Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam.
The new data came from a NASA satellite instrument called the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). It can measure long-wavelengths of light, such as those produced by traditional yellow-and-orange sodium-vapor street lamps. But VIIRS cannot see the shortwavelength blue light produced by white LEDs. This light has been shown to disrupt human sleep cycles and nocturnal animals, behavior.
Credit: Mapping Specialists ; Source: Artificially Lit Surface of Earth at Night Increasing in Radiance and Extent," by Christopher C. M. Kyba et al. , in Science Advances, Vol. 3, No. 11, Article No. E1701528 ; November 22, 2017.
The team believes the ongoing switch to LEDs caused already bright countries such as Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and the U. S. to register as having stable levels of illumination in the VIIRS data. In contrast, most nations in South America, Africa and Asia brightened, suggesting increases in the use of traditional lighting. Australia actually appeared to lose lit area一but the researchers say that is because wildfires skewed the data.
"The fact that VIIRS finds an increase (in many countries) , despite its blindness in the part of the spectrum that increased more, is very sad," says FabioFalchi, a researcher at Italy's Light Pollution Science and Technology Institute, who did not participate in the study. In 2016 Falchi, along with Kyba and several other members of his research team, published a global atlas of artificial lighting that showed one third of the world's population currently lives under skies too bright to see the Milky Way at night.
The data also cast doubt on the idea that the LED lighting revolution will lead to energy cost savings. Between 2012 and 2016 the median nation pumped out 15 percent more long- wavelength light as its GDP increased by 13 percent. And overall, countries, total light production correlated with their GDP. In other words, Kyba says, "we buy as much light as we are willing to spend money on."
1. Which is not true about the spread of lit areas?A.Lit area expanded by an estimated 2. 2 percent a year. |
B.Artificial light is often seen as a sign of progress. |
C.The increase in GDP is due to the increase in light. |
D.It is bad for noctumal animals and even for human health. |
A.It is a kind of NASA satellite device. |
B.It can record and analyzed long-wavelength light. |
C.The blue light generated by white LEDs can disrupt human sleep cycles. |
D.VIIRS has found an increase of traditional lighting in lots of nations. |
A.Artificial LED lights at nights are harmful to people's health. |
B.It is a sign of civilization in modern society. |
C.The blue light disrupts human and animals" life cycles. |
D.Artificially lit surface of Earth increasing because of LEDs. |
A.show the VIIRS data from NASA |
B.demonstrate the significance of VIIRS for its measurement of wavelengths |
C.reveal the relationship between wavelength light and GDP |
D.arouse peoples awareness of light pollution |
【推荐1】As scientists around the world race to find a treatment for the coronavirus, a young girl among them stands out.
Anika Chebrolu, a 14yearold from Frisco, Texas, has just won the 2020 3M Young Scientist Challenge and a $25,000 prize for a discovery that could provide a potential therapy to Covid19 (or SARSCoV2 virus).
Anika's winning invention uses insilico methodology to discover a lead molecule that can selectively bind to the spike protein of the SARSCoV2 virus.
"The last two days, I saw that there is a lot of media hype about my project since it involves the SARSCoV2 virus and it reflects our collective hopes to end this pandemic as I, like everyone else, wish that we go back to our normal lives soon," Anika told CNN.
The coronavirus has killed more than 1.1 million people globally since China reported its first case to the World Health Organization (WHO) in December. The United States has more than 219,000 deaths, according to data from the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering.
Anika, who is Indian American, submitted her project when she was in 8th grade but it wasn't always going to be focused on finding a cure for Covid19. Initially, her goal was to use insilico methods to identify a lead compound that could bind to a protein of the influenza virus.
"After spending so much time researching about pandemics, viruses and drug discovery, it was crazy to think that I was actually living through something like this," Anika said.
"Because of the immense severity of the Covid19 pandemic and the drastic impact it had made on the world in such a short time, I, with the help of my mentor, changed directions to target the SARSCoV2 virus." Anika said she was inspired to find potential cures to viruses after learning about the 1918 flu pandemic and finding out how many people die every year in the United States despite annual vaccinations and antiinfluenza drugs on the market.
1. What won Anika Chebrolu the 2020 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.The discovery of a therapy to Covid19. |
B.The invention of the insilico methodology. |
C.The finding of a molecule that may help treat Covid19. |
D.The invention of a lead molecule. |
A.They want to get rid of pandemic and restore their lives. |
B.They want more racial equality in the world . |
C.They want to strengthen the education of science. |
D.They want to see a lot of media hype about her project. |
A.Fortunately | B.Finally |
C.Personally | D.Originally |
A.Anika experienced the 1918 flu pandemic. |
B.Vaccinations and antiinfluenza drugs work perfectly. |
C.Vaccinations and antiinfluenza drugs are not good enough. |
D.A lot of people die from flu every year. |
【推荐2】Roald Hoffmann, a Nobel Prize winner in chemistry, poet and playwright (剧作家), is a tireless advocate of the wonders of science and the beauty of chemistry. Hoffmann successfully shares his understanding of science with the public at large through literature, educational television and even the stage. Here is an article he wrote:
Around the time of the Industrial Revolution, science left poetry. Nature and the personal became the main playground of the poet. That’s too bad for both scientists and poets, but it leaves lots of open ground for those of us who can move between the two. If one can write poetry about being a tree, why not about being a scientist? It’s experience, a way of life. It’s exciting.
The language of science is a language under stress. Words are being made to describe things that seem indescribable in words — equations (方程式), chemical structures and so forth. Words do not, cannot mean all that they stand for, yet they are all we have to describe experience. By being a natural language under tension, the language of science is inherently (内在地) poetic. Emotions emerge shaped as states of matter and more interestingly, matter acts out what goes on in the soul.
One thing is certainly not true: that scientists have some greater insight into the workings of nature than poets. Interestingly, I find that many humanists deep down feel that scientists have such inner knowledge that they don’t. Perhaps we scientists do, but in such carefully circumscribed pieces of the universe, poetry flies high, all around the tangible (有形的), in the deep dark, through a world we reveal and make.
It should be said that building a career in poetry is much harder than in science. In the best chemical journal in the world, the acceptance rate for full articles is 65%, for communications 35%. In a routine literary journal, far from the best, the acceptance rate for poems is below 5%.
Writing has become increasingly important to me. I expect to publish four books for a general or literary audience in the next few years. Science will be involved, but only as a part, a vital part, of the risky project of being human.
1. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.A way of life. | B.The Industrial Revolution. |
C.The main playground of the poet. | D.The separation of science from poetry. |
A.Humanists never use it. | B.It shows scientists’ emotions. |
C.It is a special way of description. | D.Its words stand for everything. |
A.Comparative analysis. | B.Giving examples. |
C.Cause-effect analysis. | D.Process explanation. |
A.The Life of Roald Hoffmann | B.Roald Hoffmann’s Views on Science and Poetry |
C.The Difference of Nature and Art | D.The Development of Science Language |
【推荐3】Genetic testing companies have a long history of creative attempts to reach the mainstream. An early example was the sequencing of rock star Ozzy Osbourne’s genes in 2010, with accompanying guess about how they might have influenced his drug habits.
Lately, such projects have taken on a new, highly commercialized tendency. In 2017, we got the “Marmite (马麦酱) gene project,” run by London-based genetic testing start-up DNAfit. It claims to show that love or hate for Marmite was in our genes. The project turned into a full-blown marketing campaign, and even sold Marmite-branded DNA testing tools.
DNAfit is now working with Mercedes-Benz to find out whether specific genetic traits are associated with business wisdom. AncestryDNA, the world’s largest consumer genetic testing company, last year teamed up with Spotify to promote “music tailored to your DNA.” Just a few weeks ago, 23andMe, the second largest, announced a partnership with Airbnb to provide genetically tailored travel experiences, also inspired by ancestral DNA.
I have skin in this game. I run a genetic-testing start-up that connects people who want their genome sequenced with researchers who want data to improve their understanding of genetic disease. I believe that broadening access to DNA testing can be a powerful force for good, providing safer, more effective medicines and giving people more power over their healthcare. But these campaigns risk discrediting the industry, by giving a misleading impression of what genetics can and can't say and its role in determining behaviours and personal preferences.
Take the Marmite study. It covered 261 people — tiny, by the standards of the field. It was published not in a journal, but online on bioRxiv, a server where scientists typically put results before peer-review. Shortly after, researchers looked at the genetic data of more than 500 times as many people in the UK Biobank and found no such correlation. A large peer-reviewed study in 2013 found no significant link between genes and business common sense.
We need to inform the public about what this is all about: that is, the gathering of large amounts of genetic data. We need better regulation to ensure that consumers are clear that this may happen with this sensitive personal information. A checkbox on a 20-page web document full of legal terms should not be enough.
Scientists too, need to start asking hard questions about whether the information they are using has been sourced ethically. DNA testing has a great future, but we can't build this future with data acquired by any means.
1. The author mentions DNAfit, AncestryDNA and 23andMe in order to __________.A.highlight the problems facing genetic testing |
B.illustrate the commercial applications of DNA |
C.compare what progress the companies have made |
D.reveal the link between DNA and a person's character |
A.is challenging the available treatment for skin disease |
B.has a personal investment in the genetic-testing business |
C.hopes to remove people's misunderstanding of the game rules |
D.believes that every individual should have access to DNA testing |
A.The disadvantages of genetic testing. | B.The scientific value of genetic testing. |
C.The legal system genetic testing needs. | D.The essentials for proper genetic testing. |
A.DNA Is Anything but a Marketing Tool | B.Genetic Testing Campaigns Aren't Legal |
C.Creative Marketing Is Key to Genetic Testing | D.DNA Testing Has Become a Booming Industry |
【推荐1】A British hospital director told me he was hunting for staff to replace the foreign doctors and nurses leaving because of Brexit(脱欧). He hadn’t found many qualified Britons queuing to replace them.
In an age when the “war for talent” is a global business trend, the UK is fighting a war against talent. But if I were a Brexiter, I’d say: Brexit Should be the prompt for Britain to finally start training enough of its own talent. If UK wants to avoid economic decline, it will need to train far more of its own nurses, construction workers, architects, etc. For a country whose policy has always been not to educate the working class, that would be a reversal of history.
Before Brexit, high-skilled immigrants staffed world-class British sectors such as the City of London and the creative economy. In healthcare, the UK developed a brilliant way: let a poor country like Romania fund a nurse’s education, then underpay her to look after sick Brits. Low-skilled immigrants eager to work all hours for little money gave the UK cafes and corner shops that seldom closed. Low-skilled Britons could have done these jobs, but mostly didn’t.
The coming wave of British talent is largely immigrant too: the kids who have made London’s state schools the UK’s best, plus the offspring of Russian, Chinese and other foreign elites(精英)who fill private schools. Many of these would love to stay and make the UK richer.
But Brexiters want to cut immigration. The obvious solution: equip working-class Brits to do jobs from nursing to banking. Jonathan Portes, economics professor at King’s College London said: “The problem of UK vocational education has been known for at least a century. We’ve always neglected it.” In fact, in August the UK removed the state bursary(助学金)for people training to be nurses, midwives and speech therapists. Students now have to fund courses themselves, then earn a low salary for a lifetime.
If Britain doesn’t upskill its workers fast, it will lose skilled jobs. It will continue to have the world’s best universities per capita only if it can find enough Britons to replace foreign academics who leave the UK. Much the same applies to finance or design. Meanwhile, low-skilled foreign fruit pickers have already melted away since the pound plunged. With few Britons queuing to replace them, much of this year’s produce rotted in the fields. So the likely post-Brexit outcome is a UK that cannot keep itself in the style to which it has become accustomed. The war against talent will probably leave Britain looking a bit more like today’s English seaside towns, or most of the country in the 1970s: culturally homogeneous(同种类的), relatively poor and under-serviced.
1. The UK is fighting a war against talent because______.A.skilled immigrants leave the country after Brexit |
B.it doesn’t have enough fund to train its own citizens |
C.too many qualified Britons are queuing for creative jobs |
D.it is trying a different approach to attracting talent |
A.Hospitals employed many immigrant nurses. |
B.Much attention was paid to the nurse training. |
C.Many Brits were unwilling to do low-paid jobs |
D.Immigrant elites could find creative and decent jobs |
A.Most well-educated immigrants had no plan to stay in the UK |
B.The government now gives nurses-to-be some financial support |
C.A lot of fruits rotted in the fields for the lack of skilled fruit pickers. |
D.The outflow of talent only existed in the field of education and healthcare |
A.be as rich and powerful as it used to be |
B.be as convenient as it was before Brexit |
C.be different in style but the same in essence |
D.go backward in economy and social service. |
【推荐2】Most people have been taught that losing weight is a matter of simple math. Cut calories—specifically 3,500 calories, and you’ll lose a pound. But as it turns out, experts are learning that this decades-old strategy is actually pretty misguided. “This idea of ‘a calorie in and a calorie out’ when it comes to weight loss is not only outdated, it’s just wrong,” says Dr. Fatima Cody Stanford, an obesity specialist at Harvard Medical School. The truth is that even careful calorie calculations don’t always yield(产生) uniform results.
How your body burns calories depends on a number of factors. Three factors affect how your body processes calories.
Your gut microbiome (肠道微生物). Trillions of organisms live in your gut, and the important types may influence how many calories your body absorbs from food. This may occur because some types of organisms are able to break down and use more calories from certain foods than other types of organisms. Researchers have found that people who are naturally thin have different types of organisms living inside them than those who are overweight.
Your metabolism (新陈代谢). Each body has a “set point” that governs weight, says Dr. Stanford. This set point reflects several factors, including your genes, your environment, and your behaviors. A region at the base of your brain stands guard to keep your body weight from dipping below that set point—which is not really a bonus if you’re trying to lose weight.
The type of food you eat. Your food choices may also influence your calorie intake, and not just because of their specific calorie content. One 2019 study published in Cell Metabolism found that eating processed foods seems to spur people to eat more calories compared with eating unprocessed foods.
If counting calories isn’t a dependable way to manage your weight, what can you do to shed extra pounds? Dr.
Stanford recommends the following.
Focus on diet quality. When planning your meals, focus on choosing unprocessed foods, including lean meats, whole grains, and lots of fruits and vegetables in their natural form.
Exercise regularly. Aim to get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise each week. Moderate exercise is done at a level where you can talk, but not sing.
Consult a professional. “A lot of people believe it’s a moral failing if they are unable to lose weight,” says Dr. Stanford. But it’s not. As with other medical conditions, many people will need help from a doctor. Successful weight loss may require more than just diet and exercise. “Only 2% of people who meet the criteria for the use of anti-obesity medications actually get them. This means that 98% of people who could be treated aren’t,” she says, “Don’t be afraid to seek help if you need it.”
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?A.Old theories actually mislead us. |
B.Losing weight lies in losing calorie. |
C.Calorie calculations lead to good results. |
D.Losing weight by losing calorie is outdated. |
A.choose the types of food you consume |
B.focus on the quality of your diet |
C.adjust your brain to the “set point” |
D.reduce the organisms living in your gut |
A.weigh | B.produce |
C.lose | D.cost |
A.cutting calories is essential for weight loss |
B.losing weight can be double-edged |
C.healthy eating keeps you losing weight |
D.a healthy lifestyle is key to weight loss |
【推荐3】Albert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. What’s more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.
In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled down in the United States. In 1934, Einstein, who loved peace — afraid of a world in which only Hitler would have an atomic bomb (原子弹) — tried hard to persuade President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium (铀) research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.
Although he wasn’t connected with any accepted religion (宗教), Einstein felt that trusting in a personal God was too special an idea to be suitable to the God at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. The universe to him was one of pure law and order. He once said, "God may know everything, but he is not hateful."
1. From the passage we know that______________ .A.no scientist is as great as Albert Einstein during this century |
B.Albert Einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time |
C.Albert Einstein made the first atomic bomb for the United States |
D.Albert Einstein gave up his German citizenship for political reasons |
A.have continued his scientific research |
B.have won another Nobel Prize for Physics |
C.not have advised starting uranium research in the U.S.A. |
D.not have moved to the U.S.A. |
A.visited England and the U.S.A. |
B.advised the United States to start uranium research |
C.became a man without citizenship |
D.both A and C |
A.was kept in order by its own law |
B.had nothing to do with each other |
C.happened in an irregular way |
D.was made by the personal God |
【推荐1】The Good Gym was created by Ivo Gormley, 29, who discovered that combining a weekly run with a visit to a housebound(足不出户的)friend of the family was just the inspiration he needed to keep him exercising. It helped that his elderly friend was a former boxer who could offer training tips. As Gormley did his suggested sit-ups, he thought about this: how few people have the time or energy to volunteer and yet use gyms to burn off energy, and how little dialogue there is between working people and the elderly.
Through working with charities and local community centers, the Good Gym matches runners with an individual(个人的)coach 一 a housebound elderly person who would like a regular visitor. They are encouraged to take a newspaper or a modest gift to the value of £1.
Cawley, 38, a hairdresser, heard about the Good Gym through Twitter. "It seemed such a great idea," she said. It took four months for her to be checked by the Criminal Records Bureau・ Then she got Mulcahy to run to, based on the distance she requested.
Having a break in her running works well from a training point of view: she does a speed run to Mulcahy's house, rests there, then does a more gentle, warm-down jog on the way home. Cawley is from Stockport and has no grandparents in London, so she enjoys chatting to her elderly coach. While the Good Gym advises runners to stay for about 10 minutes, Cawley sometimes chats to Mulcahy for an hour. Although he has family, and regular visits from professional carers, Cawley thinks he enjoys a visit from someone who does not worry like relatives and is not there out of professional duty. She didn't really know what he thought of "this person turning up and chatting to him” until she told him she was going away on holiday. He said, "I'll really miss you."
1. What inspired Ivo Gormley to start the Good Gym?A.His elderly coach's advice. |
B.People's care for the elderly. |
C.His own personal experience. |
D.People's craziness about sports. |
A.Unclear. | B.Supportive. | C.Doubtful. | D.Unconcerned. |
A.The visiting time of Cawley is longer. |
B.Cawley treated him like her granddad. |
C.The care from Cawley is very professional. |
D.He felt more comfortable with Cawley's visits. |
【推荐2】The 1953 painting"Goyita"by Rafael features his mother with a red scarf on her head,a determined look on her face,and heavy expression lines,a portrait(画像)of a working-class woman that broke from traditional ones of the time that focused largely on wealthy men.
“Goyita"is one of more than 350 paintings from Puerto Rico that Google Arts&Culture digitized(数字化)for the first time with help from"Hamilton"creator Lin-Manuel Miranda, who started the online exhibition that features works from four Puerto Rican art institutions.
The aim is to expose the world to Puerto Rican art,preserve it,and help museums in the U.S.that are struggling to exhibit paintings because of limited space and budget cuts.
Puerto Rico's artwork joins Google's current online exhibitions and stories from around the world.As part of the project,Google brought its so-called"art camera"for the first time to Puerto Rico.The camera has an extremely high resolution(分辨率)thanks to a 400 millimeter zoom(镜头)that uncovers details invisible to the human eye,including brush strokes(笔法)。It also allowed those at the Institute of Puerto Rican Culture to find the signature of a pioneering female artist.
The camera took thousands of pictures to digitize 48 pieces of Puerto Rican art as it went inches by inches to cover an entire painting,a job that took 30 minutes to several hours depending on the size of the artwork,said Simon Delacroix,U.S.lead for Google Arts&Culture.
As Mr.Delacroix showed the power of the zoom on a painting called"El Gobernador Don Miguel Antonio de Ustariz",a collective"Wow"escaped from the audience attending the project at the Museum of Puerto Rico.The crowd could appreciate details in the background including someone that appears to be laughing from a balcony.
Google Arts&Culture already allows users to explore more than 2,000 museums and historic sites including Nelson Mandela 's prison cell.In total,it offers more than 6 million photos,videos,and other documents.
1. What do we know about the painting"Goyita"?A.It is a traditional portrait. | B.It is a painting by Miranda. |
C.It describes a wealthy man. | D.It features a working-class woman. |
A.Its world-famous stories. | B.Its humour and complexity. |
C.Its depth and richness. | D.Its historical backgrounds. |
A.Amazed. | B.Terrified. | C.Confused. | D.Disappointed. |
A.Google bans its painting show | B.Google digitizes Puerto Rican art |
C.Google helps museums to survive | D.Google launches its high-tech camera |
【推荐3】A few hours after my first mission, returning to Earth on the space shuttle Endeavour, I completed all of my medical tests after flight, met with NASA officials, and reunited with my family. Finally, I was alone in my office room in astronaut crew quarters at the Kennedy Space Center, exhausted and ready for bed. And I did what anyone does when they return to their hotel room on a business trip: I turned on the TV. The television news started up: Such and such had happened, people were shocked, blah blah blah. Sports scores. Silly commercials.
It didn’t take more than a minute before I had to turn it off. It felt like my body was rejecting all this input, just as it would reject an organ donation that had the wrong blood type. All of this noise was just completely foreign to who I was—or, more appropriately, who I had become. A few hours before, I had been orbiting Earth, seeing our planet from space, flying the most amazing machine ever built by human hands, working with a team that was the absolute success of human. And now here in my room watching what was being sold as news, and with my newfound perspective, I just could not stomach it. My worldview was changed forever in a profound (深刻的) way.
The biggest change by far and the one for which I will always be most grateful is this big-picture perspective. That will stick with me for the rest of my life.
Whenever I feel the pressure of modern life, the stress about work, or worry about the future, I remember my time in the space station. Back to seeing the sun set Or watching our galaxy rise on the horizon. Or seeing a sea of lightning flash a hundred times a second. Or simply back to floating weightlessly.
When I’m there in my mind and realize how many billions of these beautiful sunsets there have been and will be in the future, the cares of the world just don’t seem that pressing. It goes that, “Do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about itself.” Living daily life down here on the planet is so much better with this attitude!
1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word stomach in paragraph 2?A.Access. | B.Attend. |
C.Accept. | D.Afford. |
A.He has a broader view of the world. |
B.He doesn’t like watching TV any more. |
C.He will always be most grateful for everything. |
D.He can fly the most amazing machine by hands. |
A.caged bird longs for clouds. | B.Live in the present moment. |
C.Let bygones be bygones. | D.Time works great changes. |