10. —What’s the matter, Ken? You look very sad.

—My best friend had an accident just now. She was ________ hurt and could hardly move.

Chewing gum(口香糖) may be one of your favorite sweets. But do you know how it was invented? It was invented by American scientist Thomas Adams. ________, he invented it totally by mistake. It was 1869. Earlier that year, one of Adams friends showed ________ an interesting kind of sap(树汁). The sap was very elastic(有弹性的). Ancient people in Central America liked to chew on it for ________. Adams was interested in the sap. He wanted to use it to ________ some new products.

Adams, however, failed to create the products he wanted. He felt ________ and angry and happened to chew on the sap. To his ________, the sap tasted great. Adams then ________ his own flavors(调味) to the sap and started selling it. Later in 1869, he opened a factory to produce this delicious sweet.

In 1888, Adams gave a name to the ________: chewing gum. The sweet could be bought by vending machines(自动售货机) at subway stations all over New York City. Over the years, new flavors have been developed. Now, chewing gum is ________ among both children and adults. However, few people know this was all started by an American scientist from a ________.

A discussion about whether students should be allowed to use mobile phones at school is held in an English class. There are some different opinions among the students and the teacher.

Student A：

We are preparing for adults' life. So we should be allowed to use the tools that we will use in our adult life. When we go to work，the need to use mobile phones will be very strong. Not preparing us for that world is thoughtless (欠考虑的)．

Student B：

I think that mobile phones should not be allowed. I find it hard to concentrate (集中注意力) during class since I always receive text messages. Don't get me wrong. I love my mobile phone. Students can use mobile phones，but just not during school. They go to school to be educated，not to spend time on WeChat or Weibo.

Teacher：

Students should be allowed to bring their own mobile phones，while they also have to pay attention to their studies. Being allowed to bring their own mobile phones will show respect (尊重) to them，and in return，they'll give back the respect to the teacher，which also helps to improve their studies. Only those who play with mobile phones all the time should be punished by the teacher.

Everyone knows that China is changing and developing very quickly at the moment. Many young people from home and abroad thought about the changes. The following are some comments (评论) which young people made on a website message board.

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When the teacher asks a question in class, Wang Xiaobin never raises his hand and this situation is very common at middle schools. This 15-year-old boy always waits for other classmates or the teacher to give the answer. “What if my answer is wrong?” Wang asks.

Wang said only six or seven students in his class raise their hands when a question is asked. “I think it’s a problem that may affect (影响) our studies, but I am afraid of making mistakes in front of my classmates.” he said.

When we asked the teacher, Hu Wei, why the students didn’t raise their hands, he said, “They lack (缺乏) of confidence, they are afraid of showing off, or they’re afraid of losing face by giving wrong answers.”

To encourage students to raise their hands in class, Hu suggests that teachers should repeat the question, then try to guide and encourage students to offer their answers. ①Hu also advised students not to be shy, but brave enough to try.

Sun Ping, 16 of Fujian, always raises her hand as soon as she comes up with the answer, even if she isn’t sure she has got it right. Sun can’t understand why some of her classmates keep silent in class. She enjoys raising her hand a lot. “It keeps me enthusiastic (热情的) and confident to express my idea.” Sun said, “Raising my hand has really made me excellent.”