Maybe you pride yourselves on only sleeping a few hours a night. However, are you feeling tired and sleepy throughout the day? Do you have a hard time keeping your eyes open as you study? Have you nodded off while driving? If you can answer “Yes” to any of these, it shows you could not have enough sleep.
It is suggested that most adults need seven to nine hours’ sleep. As for teens, they need even more. If you aren’t getting enough sleep, you should:
Avoid caffeine(咖啡因)
You should avoid drinking caffeinated drinks such as coffee, tea and soda at least 10 hours before you go to bed.
Avoid eating big meals before sleeping
Eating a big meal can make you feel sleepy, and it can make you feel uncomfortable and prevent you from sleeping well.
Build a healthy sleep environment
With the light on, can you have a good sleep? Of course not, and you’d better keep your bedroom dark and cool.
Avoid using electronic devices before bed
The light from electronic devices can keep you from falling asleep.
Try reading or listening to quiet music instead.
Please get enough sleep from now on.
Here is some information about how to get enough
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All students want to look good. Looking good can make other people like you and make you happy. It can also help you make more friends. So it is important to look good.
Many teachers say Jacob is a good boy who always looks good. Well, we should learn from him. Let’s listen to what Jacob says.
“A smile (微笑) tells that you’re a happy boy. But if your teeth are not clean, people will not like you. So I brush my teeth twice a day.
Dirty hair is bad like dirty teeth. No one likes dirty hair. Wash it and visit the barber’s (理发店) often. It is not a good idea to wear too long hair. Teachers don’t like it, right?
The body is also important. Boys often want to look strong like the men on TV. In fact (事实上), few people can be like them. But you can look healthy! Exercise and healthy food can help you. Don’t eat too much meat, and exercise for more than 3 hours every week.
Be yourself. Don’t just learn from stars or your friends.”
| Let’s look good | ||
| Looking good is | It makes others | |
| It makes you feel | ||
| It helps you make more | ||
| Let’s | Keep your teeth | Brush teeth |
| Dirty hair is | Don’t wear dirty hair or too | |
| Be careful with your body. | You can’t look strong like stars, but you can look | |
| Be yourself. | Don’t just learn from others. | |
【推荐2】We can enjoy a two-day weekend every week. Maybe two days are too short, but we can try to plan the time well. Here are some ideas.
★ Get up early. The weekend is not only a time to sleep in. Some of us wake up late and just get up for lunch! That’s too bad. We can have more free time if we get up early.
★ Do the homework early. We usually have much homework to do. We can feel better if we do our homework early. We can do it on Friday evening or Saturday morning. And then we can play happily for one or two days. I often do my homework on Friday evening, so I don’t have to worry about it on Saturday or Sunday.
★ Go out for fun. Think about what we like to do. Plan a sport like playing football in the park. We can also visit a museum, a zoo or a park.
Two days are not | |
Get up early | We can’t get up |
Do the homework early | We usually have |
Go out for fun | Think about what we like to do. Do some sports like |
【推荐3】With air pollution making much difference to many of Chinese cities, parents are calling for the installation(安装) of air cleaners in classrooms. There has been much debate over whether air cleaners should be used in China’s schools. Some parents have donated cleaners to their children’s classrooms, while others raise money together to make the purchase(购买). “Our school bought air cleaners last year. We did a little fund raising, with each parent throwing in several hundred for that,” said one parent.
However, the idea of installing air cleaners for all the classes has been refused by some schools. Liu Liangcheng, vice-principal of Beijing’s Taipinglu Primary School, says installing air cleaners bought by parents may lead to problems. “We have refused air cleaners bought by parents before, as there are clear and strict rules against educational fees. We can’t just break the rules here. And without standard guidance (指示) from local authorities(权威部门), it is hard to decide on the brand of the cleaner, installation and even safety of the device(设备).”
Moreover, experts say air cleaners can cause other health problems. Deng Gaofeng who works for the China Academy of Building Research says. “ In the classroom, if we keep windows and doors closed, the concentrations (浓度) of CO2 will double from 1,000 PPM to some 2,000 PPM. According to national safety standards, the highest level should not be more than 1,500.” In addition, experts say air cleaners on the market are mostly designed for homes or offices. Evaluation(评估) is needed to know whether they are suitable in classrooms.
It seems whether air cleaners should enter China’s schools is an ongoing question. It still requires a more detailed plan.
阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的表格，每空一词。
Topic : Should air cleaners be installed for students in school?
Persons | |
| Parents | They support the installation of the air cleaners by |
| Schools | ● Installing air cleaners bought by parents breaks the rules of educational fees. ● Considering the safety of the device, we have difficulty making a |
| Experts | ● They think air cleaners may be ● They are not sure whether air cleaners are suitable in classrooms. |
It turns out that this ongoing question needs | |
Maps mark seas, countries, cities and our homes, and guide us through the world. To know them better, let’s take a look at how maps have changed over the centuries.
Many ancient countries used maps. One of the first is thought to have been drawn on the wall in Lascaux, France, around 16,500 years ago. Hidden among the drawings of birds and bulls (公牛) is a map of the stars. The Babylonian Map of the World is the oldest known earthly map, which shows Babylon and its neighboring towns on the stone.
Claudius Ptolemy made maps go global. Born in Egypt around 100 AD, he was the first person to try to make a world map. With the help of math, Ptolemy marked around 10,000 locations from Britain to Asia and Africa.
Perhaps the most commonly used world map is the Mercator Projection. It was introduced in 1569 by Gerardus Mercator. An important part of maps is the imaginary lines of longitude, latitude and the equator.
Mercator took the globe and made it flat (平的), but to do this he had to make the areas further north and south larger, while the areas nearer the middle stay about the right size. The reason for this is that the Earth is like a ball, but a map is flat. It is easy to find places, but some people said it was unfair because places including Canada, the UK and Europe appeared much bigger than they really were.
In the 19th and 20th centuries, modern technology allowed map makers to produce maps showing locations exactly. Today, many people view maps on their phones. Researchers are working to map the floor of the oceans and to locate every tree on Earth. Scientists are also trying to map the past by using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). This invention will collect light from stars and may find the secrets about the beginning of the universe (宇宙).
The History of Maps Maps provide us with information of * One of the first maps is a map of * The oldest earthly map is the Babylonian Map of the World. Maps go global* The first world map was drawn by using * The imaginary lines introduced to the Mercator Projection made it most commonly used, but it still needed Maps and * Maps can be used on the phone. * Maps can help us know more about the oceans, the land and the universe through JWST. |
On 19th September 1783, Pilatre De Rozier, a scientist, sent the first hot air balloon. The passengers were three animals and the balloon stayed in the air for about 15 minutes before hitting back to the ground.
The first manned(载人的) flight was about 2 months later, with a balloon made by 2 French brothers. The balloon flew for a period of 20 minutes.
Sailing through the sky in the balloon, high above buildings and trees, you can't feel or hear the wind because you're traveling in the same direction and at the same speed as it is.
A hot air balloon has three main parts: the balloon, called an envelope; a basket, where passengers ride; and a burner system, which supplies the hot air.
Most balloon envelopes are made of strong, lightweight nylon(尼龙). They are different in size and shape, but they have to be really, really big to lift even one person. Most weigh more than an adult man.
The basket is usually made of wicker(柳条), which is strong but not too hard. It needs to bend a bit for a soft landing, just like a good jumper bends her legs instead of keeping them straight when she lands.
The hot air balloon works on the theory that hot air rises faster than cooler air. When the burner system is turned on, it makes a noisy sound, but once the balloon is flying, the burner can be turned off. The air in the envelope will then cool, and the balloon will slowly go down unless the pilot starts the burner system again.
To control a hot air balloon, a pilot adds hot air to it to go up or lets the air out to go down until he finds a wind blowing in the direction he wants to fly. But no matter which way the wind blows, the passengers have an amazing bird's-eye view of the world.
根据短文内容，完成下列小题。
1. Who were the passengers on the first hot air balloon?
2. Did the first manned balloon fly for 20 minutes?
3. Why is the basket usually made of wicker?
4. How does a pilot control the hot air balloon?
5. What are the main points in this passage?
You can have a strong will and really want to achieve your goal (目标) but life has its way of knocking us off course. Things come up, and distractions (分散注意力) happen.
Success needs attention. You’ve had the experience of setting a goal and being really excited about achieving it only to have a few weeks or months to go by and realize the goal has dropped down on your list from the first place.
It is easy for people to get side tracked. This doesn’t just happen all at once. You get off track just little by little until one day, you realize you’re completely off track. Keeping your mind on your goal can be a long-lasting fight because everything around you is trying to get your attention.
So what can you do to keep your attention? There are several things you can try. You can write down your goal and read it every day. You can form a picture of achieving your goal daily in your mind.
One of my favorite methods of keeping my attention on a goal is to keep asking myself, “Is what I’m doing right now bringing me closer to my goal or further away?” Once you answer that question, you’ll know what to do. You can make sure that your daily to-do list includes doing something that will take you closer to your goal.
If you look back at the goals you’ve tried to achieve and realized you haven’t achieved any of your major goals, it may be time to just pay attention to a single goal. This way, all of your energy can be put towards realizing that one goal which will increase your chances of getting it. It’s a lot better to just achieve one goal than to work on a dozen and achieve none of them.
Remember that you’re human and because of this, you’ll make some mistakes. Instead of beating yourself up, just know that certain things can take your attention away from your goals. Once you know these things, you can actively make the amount of time less when they take your attention off your goals.
Distractions are like gravity. They cause us all to fall at times. The important thing is that we go up again every time we fall. Get your attention back on your goal when you start to realize it’s going somewhere else.
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
A common fact | Achieving your goal requires much |
The way it happens | People often get side tracked |
| You can Make sure what you do helps you get closer to your goal. It is highly Don’t feel sorry, as humans cannot Accept the fact that distractions are certain to happen and try to | |
Summary | Distractions are They cause us all to fall often, but more importantly, we can go back to our goal timely. |
