There are long rivers, and there are famous rivers. The Nile is the world’s longest and most famous river. It runs 6,650 kilometers. Crocodiles and hippos live in its waters. Pyramids built by Egyptians rise along its banks.
The main branch of the Nile, the White Nile, starts just about Lake Victoria, the world’s second largest fresh-water lake, in east central Africa. Then it flows to the north. At Sudan’s capital, another great river called the Blue Nile joins the White Nile. Together, they form on every powerful river. Then it goes through Egypt’s famous Nile Valley before reaching the Mediterranean Sea.
Ancient Egypt, the first great African civilization, started along the banks of the Nile more than 5,000 years ago. Ancient Egypt ruled the Nile Valley for thousands of years. Great pyramids and temples were built on the banks and we can still visit them today.
Without the rich farmland along the banks of Nile, there might be no ancient Egyptian civilization. Every year, the Nile flooded its banks. The flood waters covered the banks with a rich soil. The Nile’s banks were easy to farm and produce crops.
The Nile also made a perfect highway for boats. The river runs north, but the wind on the river blows south. To go south, boaters put up sail to catch the wind. To go north, they took the sails down. Ancient people traded along the river for hundreds of miles.
The Nile—the longest and most famous river in the world | |
| Where does the Nile flow? | *The white Nile is the main branch of the Nile. It starts above Lake Victoria and then *The Blue Nile joins the White Nile at the *Then the Nile goes through the Nile Valley. Finally |
| The Nile’s long and rich banks. | *Ancient Egypt started along the banks of the Nile more than 5,000 years ago. Its people built pyramids and temples we can still visit today. *Every year the Nile flooded its banks. The floodwater covered the banks with a rich soil. Rich farmland *The Nile made a perfect highway for boats. To go south, boaters put up sails to catch the wind. To go north, they took the sails down. Ancient people |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Mary Anning: the Fossil Hunter
As a fossil（化石）scientist, Mary Anning made great contributions（贡献）to her field in the 19th century. Her name is now widely known in Britain and even Europe. But that was not always the case.
Anning was a talented woman. She did not receive any proper education and taught herself geology（地质学）and paleontology（古生物学）.
Anning grew up by the sea. At a young age, she showed great interest in studying the fossils along the coastline. Anning worked very hard. She went out in all weathers to search for fossils. At the age of 12, she uncovered a skeleton（骨架）that looked like a crocodile（鳄鱼）. Then, after ten years of tireless effort, she made an amazing discovery. It was a huge fossil of something that the world had never seen before.
However, many of Anning’s findings disagreed with theories that had been widely accepted. What’s more, at that time, people had little respect for female scientists. Anning’s findings were even published without her name. During her lifetime, the woman was never seriously considered to be a scientist.
But such troubles didn’t stop Anning from making more discoveries. The woman was still keen on studying all sizes and types of fossils alongside the sea. Her discoveries helped to prove the existence of some extinct（已灭绝的）animals. They formed the basis for Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species（《物种起源》）.
In recent years, more and more people have come to realize the importance of Anning’s work. She is now listed among the top ten British women who have greatly affected the history of science. Anning was an ambitious and hard-working woman in history. She deserves to be remembered.
1. Mary Anning was a fossil scientist, wasn’t she?2. How did Mary Anning learn geology and paleontology?
3. What happened to her at the age of 12?
4. When did she discover that the skeleton was a huge fossil of something that the world had never seen before?
5. What did her discovery help to prove?
6. If you have a chance to interview Mary Anning, what question would you like to ask her most? Why?
In 1519, the Portuguese man, Ferdinand Magellan started out from Spain with five ships. He was going to look for treasures in the East for the Spanish king. Magellan’s ships spent 1,082 days sailing across the world and came back to Spain in 1522. The first global voyage (环球旅行) showed a fact: Earth is round.
It’s a great discovery. At the time, the Europeans knew little about the world outside Europe. Most people thought Earth was flat (平的). They believed there were only three continents (大洲), Europe, Asia and Africa. There were strange people living in other parts of the world. Some had only one eye and some had huge ears.
Magellan found the truth during his voyage, and it changed the world forever. He might not expect this when he started the voyage.
Every coin has two sides. The discoveries of European explorers rewrote the map of the world. Different parts of the world connected together. World trade grew fast, too. Europeans could use spices from Asia. Chinese people started to eat corn and pepper from America. Coffee from Africa became popular in Europe and America. But the great discoveries also brought disasters. Some countries in Europe invaded (入侵) other places.
1. What did Magellan’s global voyage show?
2. Which ocean should be put into the ___▲___ in the map?
3. Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
4. What changes did the discoveries of European explorers bring to the world? (Two examples are OK.)
5. How many years earlier were Zheng He’s voyages than Magellan’s voyage?
6. What preparation will you do if you go to explore the outside world?
Ahh...aaahhhhchooo! That sneeze (打喷嚏) is uncovered, and so the germs (细菌) fly through the air. But have you ever wondered about the germs in your body? They are small organisms (有机体) that live inside us. Germs area live and they can cause us to get sick. It is impossible to keep germs out of our bodies. They are so tiny that we do not even know they are coming inside our bodies. The only way we know that germs have made us sick is when we begin to feel uncomfortable.
Germs are usually spread through the air. They come out in a sneeze, a cough, or a breath. They can also be spread by saliva (唾液), sweat, or blood. Sometimes, they come from touching something. For example, a person can touch his or her nose and then touch a tap in a public restroom. If someone else touches that tap right away, he or she can pick up these germs. How can you protect yourself from germs? The most important way to do this is to wash your hands. Soap and water area germ’s enemies. They wash the germ away. This is why it is so important to wash your hands throughout the day. Hands should be washed for about twenty seconds.
Staying healthy also keeps germs away. This means getting enough rest and not being too tired. It also means eating good foods and exercising. These are germ-fighting secrets!
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. When will we know that germs have made us sick?
2. What ways are germs spread?
3. How long should we wash our hands each time?
4. What’s the theme (主题) of the passage?
5. What can we do to keep germs away after reading the passage?
【推荐1】Heilongjiang Province(省) has a great number of tourists(游客)from China and other countries. The province is next to Russia and they have more than 3,000 kilometers of border(边界).
The province has a large forest. Its forest covers(覆盖)nearly 42% of the ground. The forest is the largest in China. In the province,there are also a lot of lakes and rivers,like the Heilong River and the Songhua River,the Xingkai Lake and the Jingpo Lake.
The province is covered by snow and ice for about 120 days a year. This makes it a very nice place to visit in winter. Skiing ,skating,winter swimming and ice fishing all make the Heilongjiang Province a good place during the coldest time of the year.
Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Only one word for each blank.
People at home and abroad (国内外)visit Heilongjiang Province. The province has
【推荐2】On December 26th, 2020, China passed a new law to protect the Yangtze River, the “mother river” of China. It is Yangtze River Protection Law. It took effect(生效) on March 1st, 2021. It’s the first law to protect a waterway in China.
The 6,397-kilometer Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia. It covers an area of about 1.8 million square kilometers, about one fifth of the national total. The Yangtze River provides one third of the country’s freshwater resources(淡水资源), but it has met lots of environmental problems in recent years, such as heavy pollution and overfishing. Especially, the river’s Chinese paddlefish(白鲟) has died out. So the “mother river” is in great need of protection. To solve these problems, China put a 10-year fishing ban(禁令) at the beginning of this year to protect fish resources.
According to a report of the government, the fishermen said they would give up fishing along the Yangtze River to protect the “mother river”. Chinese officer Han Zheng said that more support should be given to the fishermen to help them find new jobs and places to live.
Yangtze River Protection Law includes resource protection and green development. The government says the purpose of the new law is to strengthen(加强) environmental protection, use resources well and make the development sustainable(可持续的).
1. When did the new law pass?2. Did the fishermen agree to give up fishing along the Yangtze River?
3. What does the new law include according to the passage?
4. What is the passage mainly about?
Greenland is the largest island (岛) in the world. It is in the north part of North America. Near Greenland is another island. It’s smaller. Its name is Iceland. Do you think that Greenland is green and warm? Do you think Iceland is white with ice? If you think so, you are wrong. Few people live in Greenland, and their houses are just near the sea. There are more people in your hometown than in all of Greenland. That is because Greenland is not green. Greenland is white. Most of the Greenland is covered (覆盖着) with ice. The ice covering Greenland is higher than some of world’s tall buildings. What about Iceland? Is it colder than Greenland? No, it isn’t. Iceland has ice, but not so much ice as Greenland. Iceland has a lot of hot springs (温泉). They give out hot water and steam (蒸汽). So it is not as cold as Greenland. And there are a lot more people who live in Iceland.
1. Where is Greenland?It is in the north part of
2. Where do the people in Greenland mainly live?
The people in Greenland mainly live
3. Why is Greenland white?
Because Greenland is covered with
4. What give the people in Iceland hot water?
The
5. Why did the writer write this text?
The writer wanted to tell us some knowledge about
October 16 is World Food Day. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (联合国粮食及农业组织) is always trying hard to make everyone in the world have enough food to eat by providing help (A)______ them. However, some people are still in a poor situation. In some African countries, some fall ill because of poor diet (饮食) and some even die of hanger (饥饿). (B) So their countries have to borrow money from other countries to buy food.
After reading this, does it make you (C)______ (start) to think more about the food you eat? Do you waste food? Do you throw food away without finishing it?
As a student, what can you do to cut down food waste? Here are some of my ideas. Firstly, don’t order too much while eating in a restaurant. If you can’t eat all the food, take the rest of it home. Secondly, the food you eat may not taste good sometimes, but your body needs it. Always try to finish the food on your plate. This is a way that you can easily take care of (D)______ (you). Thirdly, make a plan before you go shopping. Don’t buy too much.
(E) In fact, it is everyone’s job to save food. Start with something small and you can make a big difference (F)______ others. Let’s try to save food together!
1. 在文中(A)和(F)的空白处分别填入适当的介词2. 在文中(C)和(D)的空白处分别用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
3. 将文中划画线句子(B)改写为
So their countries have to borrow money from other countries
4. 回答问题：What should you do if you can’t finish all the food in the restaurant?
5. 将文中画线句子(E)翻译成汉语
【推荐2】Do you do any chores at home? Maybe they are at the bottom of our must-do lists. Some of you may even think your parents should look after you.
According to People’s Daily, a study showed that primary and middle school students in China only spend 12 minutes a day on average（平均）on chores, compared to 72 minutes in the US, 42 minutes in South Korea and 30 minutes in France.
However, these life skills are important and should be taught as part of labor（劳动）education. The Ministry of Education（教育部）issued（发布）a document for senior high schools across the country. According to it, labor education is listed as a compulsory course（必修课）for senior high school students at all levels.
Labor education includes household（家庭的）chores and school labor. Besides, it’s also including community volunteer services. The labor course will take six credits（学分）— the same as foreign languages and physics. So take action from now on.
Answer the following questions according to what you read.
1. In which country do students spend the most time a day on chores, China, South Korea or France?
2. Who is labor education listed as a compulsory course for?
3. What does labor education include?
4. How many credits will the labor course take?
5. Must the students get labor education?
THE 2020 OLYMPICS will be held in Tokyo. All the athletes will live in the Olympic Village. What will their living environment be like?
The organizers recently showed off a few furnishings (家具陈设). Surprisingly, the bed frames (床架) are made of cardboard.
Athletes, especially heavier ones, might feel nervous about this. Will their beds break while they sleep on them?
Takashi Kitajima is responsible for the Olympic Village. He explained, “Those cardboard beds are stronger than wooden ones. They can stand up to 200 kilograms. Surely, no Olympic athlete weighs that much.”
The bed frames will be recycled after the Olympics. They will be turned into paper products. So, there will be little waste.
The Olympic Village will be completed in June. The Tokyo Olympics will open on July 24 according to the plan. But perhaps it will be delayed because of novel corona virus新冠病毒）.
1. Where and when will THE 2020 OLYMPICS be held according to the plan?It will be held
2. What are the bed frames made of?
They are made of
3. Who is responsible for the Olympic Village?
4. How many kilograms can these cardboard beds stand up to?
They can stand up to
5. What will the bed frames be used to do after the Olympics?
They will be
