A myth is something that is not correct, but many people believe it. There are a lot of myths about the human brain.
One of the biggest myths is that we only use 10% of our brains. The next part of the myth is that if we can learn to use the rest of our brains, then we’ll be much smarter. People say this all the time, but it’s completely not true! The truth is that although we don’t know everything about the human brain, we know that each part of it has an important function (功能) . Modern scientists think the “10% myth” silly.
The other most popular myth is about being “right brained” or “left brained”. According to this myth, people who use the right side of their brains are more artistic and creative. People who use the left side of their brains are better at math and science. This is as popular as the 10% myth, and it’s also wrong. In 2013, a study at an American university tested the right brain and left brain myth. The study shows we use the left brain as much as the right brain.
It’s true that we use different parts of our brains for different things. We use our left side for language more, and our right side when we need to pay attention. But there is no evidence (证据) that creative people use the right side more or that scientific people use the left side more.
We’ve talked about myths, so let’s look at a few interesting facts about the brain. First of all, the brain feels no pain. Second, about 75% of the brain is made of water. It’s also the fattest organ (器官) in your body. Here’s another interesting fact about the brain. Around the time you turn 18 years old, it stops growing.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。
1. What do scientists think of the “10% myth”?
| A．Not important. | B．Not useful. | C．Not true. | D．Not interesting. |
| A．the left brain myth | B．the right brain and left brain myth |
| C．the use of human brains | D．the study of an American university |
| A．Robert, who is learning English | B．Kate, who is drawing pictures |
| C．Jenny, who is designing clothes | D．Jacob, who is doing research |
| A．It is growing all life long. | B．The right side is used more by artists. |
| C．Some parts of it are not used at all. | D．Three quarters of it is made of water. |
| A．the growing of the brain | B．different functions of the brain |
| C．right brain and left brain | D．myths and facts about the brain |
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【推荐1】The Amazon （亚马逊） rainforest is in South America. It’s about half the size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river.
According to a new study, the Amazon rainforest may become grassland（草原）in a few years.
The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest. Climate （气候）, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. The trees may die and the rainforest could turn into a hot, dry grassland.
Why is the Amazon “sick”?
The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three hot dry weathers have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They turn the forest into the farmland. All these activities have caused about 17 percent of the rainforest to disappear.
What will happen if we lose it?
If the Amazon “dies”, there will be more CO2（二氧化碳） and our Earth will become even hotter. The Amazon is also home to many animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They will just disappear too.
判断正（A）误（B）。
1. The Amazon River is the world’s longest river.
2. China is smaller than the Amazon rainforest.
3. The Amazon rainforest will turn into grassland because of itself.
4. When the Amazon was a wet place, the trees there couldn’t catch fire easily.
5. If we lose the Amazon rainforest, many animals will die too.
Whether yellow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well. The list of its uses in cooking is endless. People have used onions to add flavor (味道) to their foods for good for thousands of years. Besides onions’ great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals (化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease.
No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating (刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain. Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes.
Luckily, cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions:
·Cut the onion under running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes.
·Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will blow the chemicals away from your eyes.
·Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly, so they may not ever reach your eyes.
If you try out these good ideas and still cry while cutting onions, don’t worry. Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion’s chemicals. So the tears will not last long. If you think about how healthy onions are, you might even call those tears “happy tears”.
1. Why do your eyes make tears when you cut onions?| A．To improve physical condition. | B．To prevent common diseases. |
| C．To wash away irritating chemicals. | D．To cause terrible pain. |
① Cut the onion under running water.
② Use a fan to blow air over the onion while cutting.
③Cover the onion with a piece of cloth as you cut it.
④ Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting.
| A．①②③ | B．①②④ | C．①③④ | D．②③④ |
| A．疲惫的 | B．敏感的 | C．适应的 | D．虚弱的 |
| A．Life and health. | B．Language and culture. |
| C．Business world. | D．National news. |
【推荐3】Can dolphins talk? Maybe they can’t talk with words, but they talk with sounds.
Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish a “school”. They don’t study but they travel together. Dolphins are animals, not fish, but they swim together in a school.
Dolphins talk to other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say welcome when a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play.
They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People can’t hear these sounds because they are very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them. Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium (水族馆). People watch the dolphins in a show.
Dolphins don’t like to be away from their school. In the aquarium they are sad and lonely. There are many stories about dolphins. They can help people. Sometimes they save somebody’s life. Dolphin meat is good but people don’t like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this.
1. Dolphins can talk with _________.| A．sounds | B．words | C．language | D．action |
| A．don’t like to | B．like to | C．liking | D．likes |
| A．sadness | B．wishes | C．bad luck | D．good luck |
| A．more | B．many | C．a few | D．much |
| A．Dolphin meat is good, so people like to kill them. |
| B．Sometimes dolphins save somebody’s life. |
| C．Dolphins make a few sounds under water. |
| D．People can hear these sounds from under water. |
【推荐1】Ukraine (乌克兰) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is often seen as the second largest country in Europe, after Russia. However, Russia is a country spreading over, the European and Asian continents (大陆). So if you consider the land area of the country that is only located on the European continent, Ukraine is the largest one in Europe!
Most of Ukraine is flat, with mountains found only in the west or in the south of the Crimean Peninsula (克里米亚半岛). The country is rich in natural resources and has good soil. The latter is considered perfect for growing crops, such as wheat. So Ukraine is called the“breadbasket of Europe”.
Although Ukraine is one of Europe’s largest countries in size, its population of about 44million is smaller than that of some other European countries such as Germany and France. Most people are native Ukrainians, with Russians making up the next largest group. The official language is Ukrainian. Russian is also widely spoken, especially in the east and south.
Most people in Ukraine live in the eastern and southeastern parts of the country. The largest city of the country is the capital city, Kyiv (基辅). Located by the Dnieper River, it has about 3 million people. In addition, the city is home to the deepest metro station (地铁站) in the world, Arsenalna Metro Station. It lies nearly 105.5 meters below the city.
There are still lots of interesting facts about the country. If you want to learn more, please visit our website.
1. Which country is the largest in Europe?| A．Russia. | B．Poland. | C．Ukraine. | D．Germany. |
| A．All the baskets in Europe come from Ukraine. |
| B．Wheat is not grown in other European countries. |
| C．Ukraine is known in Europe for its delicious bread. |
| D．Ukraine can provide food for other European countries. |
| A．Ukraine has two official languages. |
| B．France has as many people as Germany. |
| C．The locals are mainly Ukrainians and Russians. |
| D．People living in the east prefer to use Ukrainian. |
| A．The river. | B．The capital. | C．The station. | D．The country. |
| A．Great books | B．Sports news | C．Countries and nationalities | D．Advertisement |
【推荐2】If you have dinner with people in the west, I think you must pay more attention to the table manners. Here are some good table manners for you.
When you eat something, try not to make a noise or burp (打嗝) at the table. Because people think that is not polite. People will say “Excuse me”when they want to burp.
Talking with food in the mouth is very rude. So you must eat the food quietly and slowly. If you eat too fast, people think you are rude too. Do not talk with others when you have food in your mouth.
It is good to eat all the food on your plate. This means you like the food very much. Remember to say the food is nice. And this can make the host (主人) very happy. When you finish eating, you can place your knife and fork together.
1. The topic of this passage is about ________ in the west.| A．how to burp | B．what to eat |
| C．school rules | D．table manners |
| A．go out of the room |
| B．stand up and close their mouth |
| C．say “excuse me” |
| D．place their knives and forks together |
| A．quietly and slowly |
| B．loudly and fast |
| C．quietly and fast |
| D．loudly and slowly |
| A．you can talk with others loudly |
| B．do not talk with others |
| C．do not drink anything |
| D．you can sing loudly |
| A．To make a noise. |
| B．To eat all the food on your plate. |
| C．To eat the food on the plate quickly. |
| D．To tell the host that the food is not nice. |
【推荐3】Fairy tales may not be real, but you can visit a real village that looks like a fairy-tale setting.
Welcome to Giethoorn(羊角村) in the north of the Netherlands. The view of this water village is amazing. Some people even think it’s too beautiful to be real.
The village is called the “Venice(威尼斯) of Netherlands.” There’re no roads and people get around by boat. If they have a car, they have to park it outside the village. Wooden bridges connect homes and stores, but some houses can only be reached by water. That’s why the postmen there have to send letters by boat.
Giethoorn is a quiet village. Only about 2,600 people live there. There’re no noisy cars or buses. The loudest sound you can hear is the quacking of ducks or the singing of other birds.
The quietness of the village doesn’t mean it’s not popular with tourists. Many come to enjoy delicious meals at the waterside restaurants and to take boat rides. What do you think of this village? Will you visit it if you can?
1. The place Giethoorn ________.| A．is not a real village but a setting |
| B．lies in the northern Netherlands |
| C．has wooden roads and bridges |
| D．is a village with noisy cars |
| A．People in Giethoorn can only go to stores by boat. |
| B．Giethoorn is a quiet village with a small population. |
| C．The environment there is very friendly to nature. |
| D．Many tourist enjoy the meals at the waterside restaurants in Giethoorn. |
| A．In a story book. |
| B．In a business newspaper. |
| C．In a dictionary. |
| D．In a travel guide. |
