Researchers at China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp, a State-owned defense contractor, have developed and made the world’s first robot whale shark（鲸鲨）.
The robotic shark has been on display in an aquarium（水族馆）at Shanghai Haichang Ocean Park since January.
A whale shark is a slow-moving carpet shark and the largest known living fish.
Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based No 111 Factory, the underwater robot is 4.7 meters long, weighs 350 kilograms and can move 42 meters a minute.
Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark by moving its mechanical fins（鳍）. The mouth and gills（鳃）can also open and close like a shark’s. The biomimetic shark is made of sensors（传感器）, multi-joint fins, batteries, and systems which enable it to avoid what’s in the way in all directions.
“The robot can reach a depth of 10 meters and work for as long as 10 hours,” said Fang Xuelin, a senior researcher in charge of the robot shark program.
“The shark can be remotely controlled and can also swim based on preset programs or its own sensors,” he said.
“We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes, and the robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far,” Fang added. “Our robots are to serve three purposes—to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys, underwater photography and environmental inspection.”
“The factory now plans to develop more types of aquatic robots, including some extinct mammals（哺乳动物）, for display in parks and schools. It will also promote the products to businesses engaged in fields such as underwater salvage and mineral prospecting,” he said.
1. The whale shark on display is ________.| A．the world’s first robot | B．the largest living fish |
| C．a 7.4-meter-long shark | D．a robotic shark |
| A．仿生的 | B．虚拟的 | C．杂交的 | D．变异的 |
| A．The shark is the first mechanical fish made at the factory. |
| B．Powered by a lithium battery, the shark can swim without stopping. |
| C．The factory has built multiple kinds of robot fishes including the shark. |
| D．The factory has developed some extinct mammals for display in parks. |
| A．The limits of the aquatic robots. | B．The purposes of the aquatic robots. |
| C．The progress in making aquatic robots. | D．The steps to developing aquatic robots. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】In 2019, Europe faced a record-breaking heat in summer. It was so hot there that you could have even fried an egg on the pavement. Such extreme temperatures are also killing people.
Everyone should play their part in to slow down global warming because we are not saving the Earth, we are saving ourselves.
| A．So what can we do to slow down the global warming? |
| B．That’s not the worst. |
| C．The hot weather also leads to other serious results. |
| D．You may want to know what exactly causes global warming. |
| E．That’s to say, we or human activities are responsible for global warming. |
| F．Adjusting your temperature of your air conditioners is also suggested. |
| G．Let’s take actions to stop the global warming. |
【推荐2】Many people dream of traveling into outer space, However, spending too much time in space may cause health problems, according to NASA. That’s why astronauts shouldn’t spend more than six months on the International Space Station (ISS) at a time.
Muscle and bone loss
In a weightless environment, astronauts don’t need to use their muscles to support themselves, so their muscles start shrinking. To keep their muscles strong, astronauts need to exercise about 2 hours each day on the ISS.
Sleep disorder
In space, the sun rises every 90 minutes. It is hard for astronauts to get used to this light-dark cycle when they sleep. Also, they need to sleep in a sleeping bag that is fixed to a wall, and it is uncomfortable. Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods (分离仓) that help shut out some of the light. Still, studies have found that most astronauts only sleep about six hours each night, even though they should have eight and a half hours.
Brain change
Scientists have found that the position of the brain changes during space flight. It can affect how the brain deal with how we see, stay balanced and move around. That’s why some astronauts can’t control their movement and balance after returning to the Earth. Scientists have also found that astronauts may get used to this change after going on more space flights. But they still need to do more research.
1. According to the passage, astronauts may have the following health problems EXCEPT ________.| A．bone loss | B．sleep disorder | C．brain changes | D．headache |
| A．改变 | B．颤抖 | C．萎缩 | D．膨胀 |
| A．shut out light | B．enjoy a quiet place |
| C．need to do more research. | D．stay warm at night |
| A．they are not good at staying balanced |
| B．they are affected by the change of the position of the brain during space flight |
| C．they don’t have enough sleep in space. |
| D．they don’t have enough room to exercise in space |
| A．Brain Changes in Space | B．Travel into outer space |
| C．Sleep Disorder in Space | D．Health Problems in Space |
a Snails have very special sleeping habits. Unlike humans’ 24-hour cycle (周期) of activity and sleep, snails sleep for 15 hours and then start 30 hours of activity. They almost don’t sleep at night because it’s wetter. This lets them move easier from place to place. But when it’s too dry, hot or cold, snails sleep for a long time. Sometimes they may sleep for up to three years! | b Toilet paper comes with a high cost for the environment. We cut down around 27,000 trees every single day-just to make toilet paper. Yes, you read that correctly. We act like there would always be enough trees. But we never think that it is causing big problems for the Earth. Toilet paper is the reason for 15 percent of global deforestation. |
c People walk around 7,500 steps every day. If you do this every day until you are 80 years old, you will walk about 216, 500 steps. Let's do the math. The equator (赤道 )is 40,000 kilometers in our lifetimes. That’s about five times around Earth. | d Food must first mix with our saliva (唾液). That is the only way for our taste buds (味蕾) to feel the taste. You can test this. Use a clean towel to dry your tongue (舌头, such as a cookie. Can you taste it? Then drink some water and do it again. Can you taste the difference? |
| A．The amazing nature. |
| B．The unbelievable facts. |
| C．The mysterious society. |
| A．Snails may enjoy the wet environment. |
| B．Without saliva, one loses the ability to eat food. |
| C．Passage b wants people to stop using toilet paper. |
| A．________ is good for our environment. |
| B．It is said that Africa suffering badly from ________. |
| C．It is widely reported that ________ leads to a richer life. |
| A．a geography teacher | B．a PE teacher | C．a biology teacher |
| A．a newspaper | B．a novel | C．an ad |
【推荐1】It is becoming more and more important for scientists to closely monitor (监视) our ocean life. However, it is almost impossible since we can scare the animals. Now, thanks to So Fi, the Soft Robotic Fish (软机器鱼), scientists may not only be able to keep a close eye on them, but also find undersea secrets that we haven’t known for centuries.
Built by MIT (麻省理工学院), the snow white robot closely emulates real fish, with a soft tail that moves from side to side and two “fins”. To make sure So Fi can freely move around the ocean and swim like a real fish, a hydraulic pump (水泵) moves water from one balloon-like part to the other through So Fi’s soft rubber tail.
Robert Katzschmann, a scientist from MIT, says, “To our knowledge, this is the first robot fish that can swim freely in ocean for a long time.”
During the test in the sea, So Fi swam at the depths of 50 feet for up to 40 minutes at a time, taking photos. Once in a while, the fish would swim near the strange-looking robot fish, while at other times they appeared without noticing it.
So Fi now only records videos, the scientists also hope to make it more autonomous (自动的) in the future. “For us, this fish is magical,” says Robert. “We imagine someday it might help us uncover more mysteries from the amazing underwater world that we know so little about.”
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。1. The underlined word “emulates” in the passage means “________”.
| A．check | B．feed | C．copy |
| A．strange-looking fins | B．snow white body | C．soft rubber tail |
| A．It swims with a soft tail that moves up and down. |
| B．It can swim at the depths of 50 feet. |
| C．It is an autonomous robot which now only records sounds. |
| A．often scares the fishes when it swims with them |
| B．can watch fishes in the ocean without causing any trouble |
| C．is the first robot fish that can swim freely in water for days at a time |
| A．mysteries from the amazing underwater world | B．a scientist from MIT | C．the Soft Robot Fish |
【推荐2】Bike-sharing has swept across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving. The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it. And those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in public. Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily.
In some cities, we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharing bikes. It’s very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone. First, you have to download such an APP on your smart phone. Then what you need to do is to find a nearest bike through the APP, scan the QR code（二维码）on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection. You will find the bike can be unlocked itself.
Then you can enjoy your trip. What’s more, the greatest advantage of bike-sharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn’t cost so much, does it?
At the same time, some people park the bikes in their own homes. Besides, some people don’t value the bikes. Now service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen.
Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles. We have to say bike-sharing brings us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.
1. What do we know from the first paragraph?| A．Most people in cities don’t drive. |
| B．Bike-sharing is becoming more and more popular. |
| C．Bike-sharing is invented in China. |
| D．Sharing bikes can be borrowed everywhere. |
| A．download an APP and pay for the trip |
| B．have a smart phone and download an APP |
| C．unlock the bike and download an APP |
| D．find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone |
| A．Bike-sharing is a kind of expensive transport. |
| B．Sharing bikes are easy to unlock. |
| C．Sharing bikes may be stolen. |
| D．Bike-sharing is very cheap. |
| A．Convenient. | B．Doubtful. | C．Worried. | D．Unnecessary |
【推荐3】Lots of scientists are studying robots today. Many robots don’t always look like people. Some are like big machines, and some are nothing but long arms. However, modern robots are smart. Some can solve problems on their own.
Robots are more and more useful and important in our life. They help us a lot. In factories, robots can help people do a lot of work. They work faster and do not need a rest. People will feel bored if they do the same job again and again, but robots will not. They can work in some dangerous places where people cannot.
Robots are useful in our homes, too. They can help us do some cooking. They can help the blind people read newspapers, help the old people move some heavy things and so on. If we have some other problems, we can also ask them for help.
However, robots are not so clever as people. They cannot think like us. If we do not “teach” them how to do things first, they can do nothing.
It’s possible that we will have our own robots, and they will help us to do more things in the future.
1. What can we know from the first paragraph?| A．No robots are like big machines. | B．Robots all have long arms. |
| C．Robots are in different shapes. | D．Robots can’t work out problems by themselves. |
| A．In factories. | B．In banks. | C．In our houses. | D．In libraries. |
| A．They are as clever as people. | B．They will become tired. |
| C．They can think like people. | D．They can work in dangerous places. |
| A．It’s about what robots will be like in the future. |
| B．It’s about what robots can do in many years. |
| C．It’s about how robots are used in our life. |
| D．It’s about how scientists invented robots. |
| A．A science magazine. | B．A guide book. | C．Sports news. | D．A music textbook. |
【推荐1】China, one of the largest countries in the world, is home to about 1.4 billion people with a very long history and special culture.
Chinese Food
There are many kinds of food in China. Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks(筷子).The main foods in Chinese culture are noodles and rice. Tea is a favorite drink and it is popular in the market.
Chinese New Year
people use two kinds of calendars--solar calendar and lunar calendar, but the Chinese traditional calendar is the lunar calendar. New year’s Day is in late winter. People also call it the Spring Festival. People usually sweep the floor before New Year’s Day which means sweeps away all the old year’s bad luck.
Chinese Zodiac(生肖)
The Chinese zodiac known as Sheng Xiao, follows a twelve-year cycle(循环), each year has a name of an animal. These animals are the mouse, cow, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, cock, dog and pig. For example, the year that begins on 2019 is the Year of Pig.
Chinese Language
Chinese is a complex(复杂的) language. Chinese writing has thousands of characters(汉字).A character is a word and also a meaning. Besides Putonghua, Chinese people speak six other forms of the language, and there are many kinds of dialects(方言) too.
1. What is the Chinese traditional calendar?| A．Solar calendar | B．Lunar calendar | C．Chinese Zodiac | D．Chinese Calendar |
| A．The year of the Mouse | B．The year of the Sheep |
| C．The year of the Monkey | D．The year of the Pig |
| A．Chinese Zodiac | B．Chinese history |
| C．Chinese Language | D．Chinese culture |
【推荐2】①The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into twenty-four solar terms. Start of winter, Lidong in Chinese, the 19th solar term of the year, falls on November 8 this year.
②Lidong was once a big day in ancient (古代的) China. Before the day, the emperor (帝王) would take a shower and have no meat. On that day, the emperor and his officials (官员) would all dress in black and go out of the city to welcome winter. Today, to welcome the day, some people choose to have swimming competitions in the rivers in some cold places such as Harbin in Heilongjiang Province.
③As winter comes, the weather gets colder and colder. Chinese people often eat enough food to keep their bodies warm and healthy. On the day of Lidong, people in North China love eating dumplings. In South China, people love to eat chicken, duck and fish. In some places in Guangdong Province, people eat sugar cane (甘蔗) on the day. They think this is good for their teeth. In Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, people will eat green onions for good health. In Taiwan Province, people often eat mutton.
④Lidong is the time to start wearing warm clothes. In old times, the emperor would hand out warm winter clothes to the officials on the day. People would also remember to give “clothes” to their lost family. They would also have delicious food to show how much they missed the lost ones.
1. What did the emperor do to welcome winter in ancient times?①taking a shower ②no eating meat ③dressed in black ④having swimming competitions
| A．①②③ | B．①②④ | C．①③④ | D．②③④ |
| A．fruits | B．vegetables | C．dumplings | D．meat |
| A．What to wear in winter? | B．Something about the start of winter. |
| C．What to eat in winter? | D．How to celebrate the start of winter. |
| A．①/②③/④ | B．①②③/④ | C．①/②③④ | D．①②/③④ |
| A．food | B．clothes | C．health | D．culture |
【推荐3】A visit to the old city of Petra in Jordan is an amazing experience. Around the city, there are mountains with many pink rocks. To get to the mountains, tourists walk for over a kilometer through a narrow hole in the rock. Then they come to a large building in the side of a cliff (悬崖). Petra has many of these beautiful rock-cut buildings, and they make the city famous.
Two thousand years ago, Petra was a busy and noisy place. People came from far away to buy and sell in the market places. The city became rich. At one time, more than 30,000 people lived there. But the pink rocks were not as safe as they looked. Earthquakes (地震) made many of the buildings fall down. As the year went by, people stopped coming and living there. Finally, the world forgot the city of Petra.
In 1812, a Swiss traveler called Johann Burckhardt heard about the lost city. Local people told him that it was in the mountains, and someone took him there. When Burckhardt went back to Europe, he wrote about Petra and people started visiting the city.
________ More than a million tourists go there every year. People sell postcards, camel rides and cold drinks there. There are museums, shops and restaurants, but nobody lives there. At night, the old city is quiet again.
1. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to?| A．Tourists to Petra. | B．Rock-cut buildings. |
| C．Holes in the rocks. | D．Plenty of pink rocks. |
a. A traveler wrote about Petra after visiting it.
b. Lots of tourists start visiting Petra every year.
c. Petra became rich and many people lived there.
d. The world began to forget Petra after earthquakes.
| A．c-a-b-d | B．d-a-b-c | C．c-d-a-b | D．d-b-a-c |
| A．There are also some problems in Petra. | B．These days, Petra is a busy place again. |
| C．However, Petra isn’t as popular as before. | D．Maybe Petra will be different in the future. |
| A．Petra: A Modern City | B．Petra: The Lost City |
| C．The Earthquakes in Petra | D．The Problems in Petra |
