In most cities you go to, you will see walls outside covered with paintings of names and pictures. This is called graffiti. Some people like these paintings, but others do not. People who like them see this graffiti as art, but others believe it makes cities look terrible and that the people who do it should be arrested.
These days in the UK there are still lots of places where you can paint graffiti because most people like graffiti that has a lot of beautiful colors.
▲ ? It is believed that the first graffiti was dated from ancient Greece and Rome. There are still examples of very old graffiti from Greek and Roman cultures. However, modern graffiti started in New York in the early 1970s. It came from parts of the city and the people who wrote it were often teenagers. Graffiti is still part of the city culture in many places in the world today.
Banksy is Britain’s most famous graffiti artist. Banksy’s art is admired around the world. His paintings usually have a political message. Banksy has become very famous, but nobody knows who he really is. Banksy’s art is so popular that people sometimes try to steal it so they can sell it. What makes Banksy angry is that the messages in his art are against the idea of money.
In some cities, tourists can take graffiti tours. One of these cities is Bogota in Colombia. There is a lot of beautiful graffiti in Bogota and much of it shows the history of the country or has a political message. You can also see parts of the city that tourists do not usually go to. The tour is very popular and is also free. However, they ask you to give some money if you like the tour. They use this money to help poor Colombian artists.
1. Graffiti is a ________.| A．colorful wall | B．wall painting | C．public service | D．popular artist |
| A．Who created graffiti | B．When did graffiti begin |
| C．Where can you enjoy graffiti | D．Why is graffiti popular in the world |
| A．Nobody knows who he really is. |
| B．Other people disagree with his idea of money. |
| C．People could understand the messages in his art. |
| D．Some people steal his works as their own collection. |
| A．learn about the history of Colombia |
| B．buy works of poor Colombian artists |
| C．book tickets for these tours in advance |
| D．visit the most famous graffiti artist Banksy |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】It's common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci's most famous painting seems to look back at observers (观察者), following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.
A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle (角度) that's 15.4 degrees off to the observer's right-well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, "She's not looking at you." This is somewhat ironic, because the entire phenomenon of a person's gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the "Mona Lisa effect (效应)". That effect is absolutely real, Horstmann said. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person's gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.
This is important for human interaction with on screen characters. If you want someone off to the right side of a room to feel that a person on-screen is looking at him or her, you don't cut the gaze of the character to that side-surprisingly, doing so would make an observer feel like the character isn't looking at anyone in the room at all. Instead, you keep the gaze straight ahead.
Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the "Mona Lisa" and realized she wasn't looking at him.
To make sure it wasn't just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the "Mona Lisa" on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected (横切) Mona Lisa's gaze. To calculate (估测) the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the "Mona Lisa" portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.
So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn't sure. It's possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first created the term "Mona Lisa effect" just thought it was a cool name.
1. It is generally believed that the woman in the painting "Mona Lisa"| A．attracts the viewers to look back | B．looks at the viewers wherever they stand |
| C．fixes her eyes on the back of the viewers | D．seems mysterious because of her eyes |
| A．calculate the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze | B．create artificial-intelligence avatars |
| C．make sure Horstmann's belief is right | D．explain how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied |
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
| A．Horstmann thinks it's cool to create the term "Mona Lisa effect". |
| B．The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence. |
| C．The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers' judgement. |
| D．Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention. |
 Chinese painting is one of the oldest art forms in the world. Painting in the traditional style is known today in Chinese as Guohua. Traditional Chinese painting is done with a brush dipped(浸) in black or colored ink(墨水).Paper and silk are also needed for painting. The finished work can be put on scrolls(轴).Traditional Chinese painting includes landscape(山水)painting, figures(人物), bird and flowers. Landscape painting is regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting. |
 Chinese folk(民间的) music is an important part of Chinese culture. It has a long history. One of the Confucianism Classics(儒家经典 ) Shi Jing, contains many folk songs. They are much loved by people up to now. Traditional Chinese musical instruments are symbols of Chinese culture, such as guqin, guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao and chime(编钟). Sheng and suona are also popular in northern villages in China. Xi’an drum music is large traditional drum music. It is a valuable part of Chinese ancient music, and is regarded as the “living fossil(化石) of Chinese ancient music” in the world. |
①brushes ②ink ③color pencils ④paper ⑤silk
| A．①②③④ | B．②③④⑤ | C．①②③⑤ | D．①②④⑤ |
| A．landscape painting | B．figures | C．bird and flowers | D．trees |
| A．hold | B．control | C．prevent | D．include |
| A．Folk music | B．Country music | C．Ancient music | D．Xi’an drum music |
| A．Chinese music | B．Chinese painting | C．Chinese culture | D．Chinese history |
【推荐3】If you walk through the streets of Rio de Janeiro(里约热内卢), Brazil, you'll immediately notice something wonderful about the city—the street art. All around the city the walls are covered in colorful graffiti (涂鸦) and bright paintings.
In the past, this street art was not allowed. But in 2009, the city passed a law allowing street art on personal buildings if the owner gives permission(许可). In 2014, Rio de Janeiro became the first city in the world to legalize graffiti in places such as skate parks and the walls that surround construction sites(建筑工地).
People who want to create street art in Rio de Janeiro can't just paint any wall with any picture, though. They still have to follow some rules. Street art and graffiti are allowed, but just signing a name on a wall is not. And if an artist wants to create a picture on the walls of someone's house or shop, the artist must ask the owner first. But getting permission might not be too hard. Street art is very popular through the city, both with the local people and with visitors. Many tourists come to Brazil just to see it. They can even take special guided streetart tours through Rio de Janeiro. The city government has also set up a special online streetart project. Volunteers can join in the project and travel around the city, taking photos.
1. We can see the street art ______ in Rio de Janeiro.| A．on the grass | B．on the walls | C．on the floors |
| A．pay the owners for that |
| B．ask the owners for permission |
| C．write the owners' names on the walls |
| A．Taking photos of the street art. |
| B．Taking special guided streetart tours. |
| C．Just signing a name on a wall. |
| A．使扩大 | B．使丰富 | C．使合法 |
| A．how the street art developed in Rio de Janeiro |
| B．when the street art appeared in Rio de Janeiro |
| C．the law on the street art in Rio de Janeiro |
【推荐1】His hometown is in Ma Jiatan Ling Wu, Ningxia, on the southeast edge of the Mao Wusu desert（毛乌素沙漠）. When he was a child, he saw the sandstorm fill the house again and again. The sand climbed onto the windows again and again. Finally, he forced the whole village to move away from their native land. From then on, he has strong belief that “endless life, prevent sand more than”.
Then he led the staff (职员) planted over 10,000 trees, and planted over 10,000 grass squares (草方格). They worked for more than 10 hours a day without a day off and built more than 600,000 acres of green barriers. He is the hero around us—Wang Youde. In 2014, he set up the Ningxia Desert Greening and Sand Industry Development Foundation (宁夏沙漠绿化与沙产业发展基金会) to draw wide attention to the environment.
In 2007, the government passed Construction of ecological civilization(生态文明建设). In 2017 President Xi said “Man and nature form a community of life”. And he said clear water and green mountains are as good as mountains of gold and silver. As human beings, we must respect nature, follow its ways and protect it. So we should pay more attention to the environmental protection. We will speed up prevention and control of water pollution, soil pollution and air pollution. We will take action to get everyone saving water, reduce the use of energy and materials in everyday life. We encourage simple, green, and low-carbon ways of life.We will improve the system for protecting natural forests, and turn more marginal farmland to forests and grasslands.
1. Why did Wang Youde move away from their native land?| A．Because he wanted to travel. | B．Because he wanted to plant more trees and grass squares. |
| C．Because the environment became too serious to live. | D．Because he saw the sandstorm. |
| A．Clear water and green mountains | B．The sandstorm and sand. |
| C．Man and nature. | D．The natural forests. |
| A．低速度的 | B．少量车的 | C．低碳的 | D．低脂肪的 |
| A．To show the hero around. |
| B．To take action to protect the environment. |
| C．To tell us some information of Ningxia Sand Industry Development Foundation. |
| D．To tell readers to save water. |
Cars will run on solar power (太阳能) and will be much cleaner. They will be much safer. For example, if you are too close to another car or if you are driving dangerously, your car will slow down or stop by itself.
New cities will have to be built in the sea. Some cities on water will have two levels (层). People will live on the upper level; the lower level will be used for traffic, shops and factories.
Biotechnology (生物技术) will make food better and healthier. Plants without insects or illnesses (病虫害) will be developed. The taste of fruit and vegetables will be better and food will be kept longer.
Many new ways to cure (治愈) illnesses will be found. People will use products of genetic engineering (基因产品) to cure more illnesses. However, some new illnesses will appear.
1. What will happen in the future according to the passage?
| A．The air won’t be much cleaner. |
| B．Cars will run by itself without a driver. |
| C．It’ll be much more dangerous to drive a car. |
| D．There’ll be fewer accidents and less pollution (污染). |
| A．In the sea. | B．In the sky. |
| C．Underground. | D．On the land. |
| A．Medicine. | B．Toys. |
| C．Food. | D．Clothes. |
| A．cold | B．illnesses |
| C．cancer | D．headache |
| A．Cars in the future. |
| B．Get ready for the future. |
| C．How to keep food longer? |
| D．Where will people live in the future? |
【推荐3】Taking notes is a useful way for students to improve their learning. Good notes can help students finish their homework more quickly and get better grades in exams. However, some students may not be sure how to take good notes. Note-taking is more than just an in-class activity, and it is also related to what you do before and after class.
Before class
The most important thing you need to do before a class is to prepare for the lesson. By doing this, you will be able to know what you are going to learn. And it can give you an idea of how to organize the information in your notebook. Besides, if there is something too difficult to understand, you will know to take more specific notes about it.
During class
If your notes are unclear and disordered, you’re not going to get much use out of them. Now, you need to find a style of note-taking that works best for you. No matter which style you use, your notes should be clear at first sight! Also, don’t write down every word the teacher says. Instead, write down the most important information, for example, main ideas and examples discussed in class.
After class
To remember the information as much as possible, you’d better review your notes within 24 hours after your class. And at the end of your notes for each class, write a summary. This will help you not only better understand what you have learned, but also do a quick review before your next class.
Note-taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork. It can make you efficient(高效的) when you are studying.
1. What’s the structure of the passage?A． | B． | C． |
| A．You should study by taking notes. |
| B．Note-taking is just an in-class activity. |
| C．How to take good notes. |
| A．in order | B．incorrect | C．unorganized |
a. Revise your notes and remember them.
b. Write down the key words the teacher says.
c. Get ready for the lesson ahead of time.
| A．a-b-c | B．c-b-a | C．c-a-b |
