中庸之为德也，其至矣乎! —《论语》 The virtue of the golden mean is a perfect state of equilibrium! —The Analects of Confucius （Translated by Zhao Yanchun） |
Confucius (孔子) is a master of thinking. He came up with many great ideas. But what’s the most well-known and influential (有影响力的) one? That may be the idea of the golden mean (中庸). Have you heard of it? Do you know its real meaning?
Zhongyong, the golden mean or the doctrine of the mean, is an interesting topic. In Confucianism (儒家思想), it is seen as a primary virtue (最重要的品德). Confucius speaks highly of it. However, it is easily misunderstood. People often think it means not working hard or pursuing perfection (追求完美).
But the key point of the golden mean is to stay moderate (适中的), neither too little nor too much. The character “zhong” means to be moderate in one’s words and behaviors. “Yong” has two meanings—being common and unchanging.
This way of thinking is useful in our daily life. When we write a story, we shouldn’t use too many fancy (华丽的) words. But it doesn’t mean we can’t use any beautiful language in the story. While exercising, we can’t do too much every time or we might get hurt. But it doesn’t mean we should never exercise. The key is to walk a fine line.
The golden mean is always being embraced (推崇) by our nation. President Xi Jinping said we should respect cultural diversity (多样性). We should be confident but not too arrogant (自负的) in cultural exchanges.
1. Which school of thought (思想流派) does the golden mean belong to?2. The key point of the golden mean is
3. What example does the writer give to explain the golden mean in daily life? (1 example is OK.)
4. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
5. How can we follow the golden mean in cultural exchanges?
相似题推荐
【推荐1】China has a rich and colorful cultural history , and masks (面具) have played an important role in Chinese traditions for thousands of years. Why do people wear masks at the beginning? There reason is to protect their bodies. In fact, masks are used all over the world.
African masks are usually made in a traditional style. There are many different kinds of African masks , but many of them represent animals. African masks are a part of full-body costurnes (服装)and they are made for dancers. The dancers usually wear the masks in religious(宗教的)events.
Japanese masks have been used in many different performances such as dance, theatre, festivals or religious events. They represent heroes, devils(恶魔), ghosts , or some animals in the performances. Most of them are made of clay(黏土), cloth, wood, or some paper.
Greek masks are symbols of the spirits of nature during religious events. Also, theatre actors use masks to show diff characters. In Rome, devil and other masks are used in carnivals（狂欢节).
Today, masks continue to be of great artistic and entertainment(娱乐) value.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题
1. Why do people wear masks at the beginning?
2. African masks are made for actors, aren’t they?
3. What materials (材料) are used to make Japanese masks?
4. From the passage, how many places use masks in religious events?
5. Do the masks have the value today?
【推荐1】We live in a world full of many different kinds of people. We want to get along well with others. We also want to be liked by others. The following ways will make others like you.
Do This and You’ll Be Welcome Anywhere
Become really interested in other people. A show of interest must be true. It brings good results not only to the person showing the interest, but also to the person receiving the attention is a two-way street—both of you get an advantage.
A Simple Way to Make a Good First Impression
Smile as often as possible. Your smile is a sign of kindness. When someone feels stressed from his or her teachers or parents, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds, your smile can help him or her realize that all is hopeful—that there is still joy in the world.
If You Don’t Do This, You Are Getting into Trouble
Remember a person’s name. A person’s name is the sweetest and the most important sound in an any language. We should realize the magic in a name. The name makes the person different from others; it makes him or her special among all others. If you remember a person’s name, the relationship between both of you will become much closer.
An Easy Way to Become a Good Talker
Be a careful listener first. Ask questions that other persons will like to answer. Encourage them to talk about themselves and their achievements. What you need to do is just to listen, because people are much more interested in themselves.
Title | |
| Become really | Your show of interest must be true. It must |
| Smile as often as possible | Your smile is a sign of Your smile makes others realize that all is |
| Remember a person’s name | A person’s name makes him or her A person’s name is the sweetest and the most important sound in any |
| Listen | You ask questions that others enjoy |
| They are |
If you look at the sky one night and see something moving and shining that you have never seen before, it might be a comet (彗星).
A comet sometimes looks like a star. 1 It shines from the sunlight it reflects (反射). Like the earth, a comet goes round the sun, but on a much longer path (轨道) than the earth travels.
If a comet isn’t a star, what is it then?
Some scientists think that a large part of a comet is water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron and rock dust and perhaps a few big pieces of rock. 2 These clouds, together with the dust, form a long tail.
Many people perhaps have seen a comet. 3 .There may be millions of comets, but only a few come close enough for us to see.
An Englishman named Edmund Halley, who lived from 1656 to 1742, found out a lot about the paths that comets take through the sky. 4 . Others keep coming back at regular times. A big comet that keeps coming back was named after Halley because he was the one who worked out when it would come back again. Maybe you have ever seen Halley’s Comets because the last time it came close to the sun and the earth was in the year 1986. Then people all over the world were outside at night to look at it. You will probably be able to see Halley’s Comets when it comes near the earth again.
| A．However no one knows how many comets there are. |
| B．Some comets move out of our sight and never come |
| C．Like a planet, a comet has no light of its own. |
| D．When sunshine melts (融化) the ice in the comet, great clouds of gas go trailing after it. |
| A．A large part of a comet is ice, iron and rock dust |
| B．Some comets keep coming back at any time |
| C．Halley’s Comets came back in 1986 |
| D．Maybe many people have seen a comet |
【推荐3】Breaking Bad Eating-Habits
Have you heard the expression "You are what you eat"? Well, do you like who you are'' If not, break some bad eating habits and feel better about yourself.
Bad habit 1:_________
Many packaged(＝ in small bags)foods, such as frozen(冰冻的)dumplings, rice rolls and instant noodles(方便面)have lots of fat and calories(热量).
The solution: Read the instructions to find the healthiest foods that are low in salt and high in fiber (纤维）. Also check to make sure they have ingredients such as vegetables and grains. When possible, use packaged foods as part of a "home—cooked" meal. For example frozen(冰冻的)dumplings with fresh vegetables are better than dumplings alone.
Bad habit 2:_________
People without breakfast don't have enough energy they need to get through the morning. Eating breakfast improves your concentration, memory and mood.
The solution: Always keep a kind of quick foods like yogurt. Or have a standing order at breakfast place.
Bad habit 3:_________
It takes your body at least 20 minutes to "tell" your brain that you are full. So fast eaters usually eat more than people who eat slowly.
The solution: Try to slow down. Try eating at least some of your meals without TV, hand phones or computers. Use a plate or bowl when you eat.
Bad habit 4:_________
Healthy snacks between meals are fine.But when you snack instead of having real meals, you will not eat your meals regularly. Plus, snack foods such as chips and sweets aren't very satisfying. That makes it easy to overeat.
The solution: To get more energy, allow yourself two healthy snacks a day. Choose snacks that will make you feel full. Try fruit, yogurt or nuts.
As we all know, bad habits can be broken. Take the first step toward a healthier eating routine——start following these tips today!
1. 给文中的横线处选择合适的标题,并将其字母代号填写在下面的横线上.A. You are a fast eater. B. You often don't eat breakfast.
C. All your meals come in packages. D. You have too many snacks.
Bad habit 1:
Bad habit 2:
Bad habit 3:
Bad habit 4:
2. 根据文章内容完成句子。
No eating breakfast is bad influence on your
3. Why do fast eaters usually eat more than people who eat slowly?
4. 根据文章内容填空，每空一词。
Do you like who you are? if not, you should start
