Without the Internet or phones, communicating long distance is limited. Yet throughout history, cultures have developed ways to produce messages that travel miles. Morse Code is a system of communication. It uses patterns of signals to send and receive messages, often with a machine called a telegraph.
A telegraph is a machine that creates different signals from different messages. These signals are then changed into electrical current. They are sent across a wire. They can travel long distances, such as across the country or ocean. Another telegraph receives these signals. The machine changes the signals back into the original message.
In Morse Code, there are three types of signals. They are dots, dashes, and pauses. Dots (•) are the short noises or flashes of light. Dashes (━) are longer noises or flashes of light. Spaces (____) are the pauses. Patterns of these signals represent letters, numbers, and punctuation marks. In Morse Code, letter A is one dot and one dash, letter E is one dot, letter I is two dots. As for consonants, letter C is one dash, one dot, one dash and one dot, letter D is one dash and two dots, Letter T is one dash.
Morse Code was invented in the United States by Samuel Morse during the 1830s. People soon realized that the code could not transmit all messages in other languages. To fix this problem, a newer version called the International Morse Code was developed. International Morse Code is simpler and more exact. For example, the original Morse Code could only represent a few of the letters. The International Morse Code, on the other hand, is for all letters.
1. According to Paragraph 2, how does the telegraph work?①The signals are sent across a wire.
②The signals are changed back to letters.
③Another telegraph receives these signals.
④The telegraph changes signals to electricity.
A.①④②③ | B.①④③② | C.④①②③ | D.④①③② |
A.Cat. | B.Act. | C.Eat. | D.Ted. |
A.It became very popular. | B.People stopped using it. |
C.The telephone was invented. | D.A newer version was created. |
A.To explain a secret message. | B.To introduce a type of phone. |
C.To show a way to communicate. | D.To tell stories of an old machine. |
相似题推荐
Go, known in China as weiqi, is a board game for two players. The players must use black or white playing pieces named stones to surround (包围) more areas.
The game was invented in China more than 2,500 years ago. It’s one of the four Chinese traditional fine arts, along with playing guqin, writing and painting, so it owns a wide fan base in China.
Andreas Urban, the chairman of Berlin Go Association, discovered a book on Go accidentally. “I tried to understand the rules, but failed.” said Urban Schreiber, the vice chairman was introduced to the game 16 years ago by a classmate.“The first time I played Go, I even couldn’t understand the rules.” he said. But both of them found the game more and more interesting after practice. “
A.I advise children to learn Go. |
B.In this way, they can win the game. |
C.It’s not difficult to understand the rules of Go. |
D.Now it is also popular in other parts of the world. |
E.This kind of cross-cultural communication helps the development of Go. |
F.Sometimes professional players from China are invited to give talks to German Go lovers. |
【推荐2】①It’s the tallest peak (峰) on earth (地球). Here, you can see snowy mountains shining under the blue sky. You can take a breath of the freshest air. Welcome to Qomolangma!
② The top of the earth
The name Qomolangma means mother of the earth. It’s also called Mount Everest in the West. It stands on the border between Nepal and China. Qomolangma is part of the Himalaya Mountains. It’s about 8844 meters tall, as high as airplanes can fly.
③ Climbing Qomolangma
Every September and October, hundreds of climbers from all over the world come here. They wear warm clothes, sunglasses, tents and get together in groups.
④ How’s the Weather?
It’s always very cold and windy here. There is snow everywhere. The wind blows all year long. In winter the lowest temperature (温度) can be -60℃.
⑤Yaks
It’s very cold, and there is very little oxygen here. Not many animals can live. Yaks may be the only kind of animals you can find here. Yaks have long hair to keep them warm. They are very strong and able to keep their feet on narrow ways. People keep them for milk, meat and riding. They call yaks “the ships of the highland”.
1. Which is the right picture of Qomolangma?A. | B. | C. | D. |
A.①②/③④⑤ | B.①②③/④/⑤ | C.①/②③④⑤ | D.①/②/③④⑤ |
A.It’s windy in spring, summer, fall and winter in Qomolangma. |
B.Qomolangma is much bigger than the Himalaya Mountains. |
C.September is the best time for climbers to climb Qomolangma. |
D.Yaks are the only kind of animals living in this highland. |
A.In a storybook. | B.In a weather report. | C.In a tourist book. | D.In a traffic report. |
【推荐3】There is no doubt that water is one of the most important resources (资源) for man. But in fact we’re facing serious water problem.
Problems
Although water covers 71 percent of the Earth, we can only use a very small amount of it. It’s about 3 percent and it’s in lakes, in rivers and underground. Today, there are over 663 million people living without a safe water supply (供应).
<Themes
To remind people of the importance of water, the UN first set WORLD WATER DAY in 1993. It is celebrated on March 22 each year. Every year has a theme.
Year | Theme | Year | Theme |
2020 | Water and Climate Change | 2022 | Groundwater-Making the Invisible Visible |
2021 | Valuing Water | 2023 | Accelerating Change |
(Chart I)
Solutions
In fact, many governments and organizations have already taken actions to offer good solutions. In some countries, people have their own ways for saving water and reusing waste water.
Turn off the water South Africa is one of the world’s driest countries. Turn off the water while brushing your teeth. It can save 600 liters (公升) water a month for a person. |
Collect rainwater Collecting rainwater is an important way to save water in Germany. Most houses built in the last few years have rainwater collection systems. |
Protect the “Mother River” China has improved laws, such as the Yangtze River Protection Law and started the “Mother River” restoration (恢复) program. |
(Chart II)
Actions
As students, we should try our best to fight against the problem of water waste. What we can do is to support the government, take part in the World Water Day events, be careful with how we use water in our own lives and so on.
根据短文和图表内容,选择最佳答案。1. What percent of water can we use on the Earth?
A.71%. | B.29%. | C.6%. | D.3%. |
A.To introduce some ways of saving water. |
B.To remind people of the importance of water. |
C.To explain the reasons why people waste water. |
D.To show some themed events on World Water Day. |
A.Accelerating Change. | B.Valuing Water. |
C.Water and Climate change. | D.Groundwater—Making the Invisible Visible. |
A.600 liters. | B.1,200 litters. | C.1,800 litters. | D.2,400 litters. |
A.Be careful with water using. |
B.Take part in the World Water Day events. |
C.Help the government make signs to call on people to save water. |
D.Wash clothes in a washing machine as often as possible. |
Procrastination(拖延) has influenced human beings for centuries. It is the act of delaying a task. It prevents you from following what you start to do.
Why do we procrastinate? The best way to understand is to imagine that you have two selves: Present Self and Future Self. Researchers have found that the Present Self and the Future Self are seldom in agreement with each other. The Future Self wants to be slim and fit, but the Present Self wants a hamburger.
There are different ways to stop procrastinating. You can make the rewards of taking action happen at once. You can bring future rewards into the present moment. For example, only listen to audiobooks you love while exercising or only watch your favorite show while doing tiring housework.
Secondly, make the results of procrastination more direct. Make yourself pay the costs of procrastination sooner in many ways. If you exercise by yourself, missing once won’t influence your life much at all. However, if you promise to exercise with a friend, the cost of missing it becomes higher. It means you have to break a promise.
Another popular tool is to design your future actions. You can control your future eating habits by buying food in small packages rather than in the large size. You can stop wasting time on your phone by deleting (删除) games or social media apps.
Lastly, make the task much easier to finish. One popular way to make habits easier is to use the two-minute rule, which says, “When you start a new habit, it should take less than two minutes to do.” The idea is to make it as easy as possible to get started and then trust that momenturn will carry you further into the task after you begin.
1. The writer uses Present Self and Future Self to ________.A.discuss present needs | B.describe different future actions |
C.compare past and present | D.explain the cause of procrastination |
A.promise to exercise with friends | B.stop buying food in small packages |
C.think of new tasks in two minutes | D.exercise after doing tiring housework |
A.tool | B.promise | C.moment | D.power |
A.results of procrastination | B.ways to stop procrastination |
C.reasons for procrastination | D.influences of procrastination |
【推荐2】Scientists believe that music influences our behaviors. They think that the sound of western classical (古典) music makes you feel richer. When a restaurant plays classical music, you spend more money on food and drinks. When the restaurant plays modern music, people spend less money. Without music, people spend even less.
Scientists also believe that loud, fast music makes people eat faster. Some restaurants play fast music during their busy hours. This makes you eat faster and leave quickly. Restaurants can make more money in this way.
Some scientists think that music makes you think and learn better. They say that music helps students to be more active. It is true that we learn better when they are relaxed. And listening to music can help us relax.
The next time you hear music somewhere, be careful. It might influence the way you do things.
1. According to the text, scientists believe that music can ________.A.create different feelings for us | B.help us to develop good habits |
C.develop our interest in money | D.influence natural environments |
A.a sign of being slower | B.something about manners |
C.a sign of being richer | D.something with new styles |
A.Light music. | B.Rock music |
C.Sweet music | D.Soft music. |
A.slow in action | B.care about manners |
C.fresh in mind | D.worry about studies |
A.Music in Restaurants | B.Good and Bad Music |
C.Types of Music | D.Music and Behavior |
The following are some methods:
·Be polite. Say “Hello” or “have a nice day”. Say that he or she looks nice.
·Be positive(肯定的). Think of five good things about the person. Maybe he or she is always on time or works hard.
·Really listen when the person talks. Ask questions to understand the person better.
1. According to the passage, people had better(最好) be __________ those they don’t like.
A.careful(小心) with | B.friendly to |
C.strict(严厉) with | D.rude(粗鲁) to |
A.Stop talking | B.Go away |
C.Have a nice day | D.Don’t smile |
A.a map | B.a cook book |
C.a story book | D.a magazine(杂志) |