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The history of chocolate begins with Theobroma cacao. People make chocolate from the seeds on the tree. Chocolate means “food of the gods”. For many years, people enjoy the chocolate very much.
It is said that Mayan people of Central America first learned to plant cacao trees around 2,000 years ago. The Maya took the cacao trees from the rainforest and grew them around their homes. They cooked the cacao seeds, then made them into a soft paste. They put water and spices in the paste to make not sweet chocolate drink. But not all people could drink it because it was so expensive. Farmers grow cacao trees in many countries in Africa, Central and South America. The trees are difficult to grow.
Cacao and chocolate are an important part of Maya culture. Some people think the word for chocolate come from the Aztec word “xocolatl”, which means “not sweet water” in the Nahuatl language. Others think the word “chocolate” is from Mayan and Nahuatl words.
Chocolate making is a big business. Each year, the market of the cacao crop around the world can provide more than five billion dollars. People in the United States like chocolate very much. Everyone in America eats more than five kilograms of chocolate every year.
1. According to the passage, we know that Theobroma cacao is a kind of ________.A.food | B.drink | C.plant | D.vegetable |
A.water | B.spices | C.cacao seeds | D.chocolate drink |
A.The history of chocolate. | B.The people of Mayan. |
C.The way of growing cacao. | D.The business of chocolate. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】We can’t remember clearly since when we started to take our mobiles to a dinner table. This happens a lot, especially when we eat out.
Does that sound familiar to you? Do you do that often?
A recent study suggests that what we are used to doing is not that good. Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. To test this, some researchers did an experiment.
So, next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends, how about not taking photos of food?
根据短文内容,从下面选项中选择恰当的句子填入空白处,使短文意思完整。
A.Besides the scientific result, there are also some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals. |
B.Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food. |
C.Once a dish comes, instead of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our mobiles and click. |
D.Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you. |
E.If not, how do you feel when others do that when having dinner with you? |
【推荐2】In order to make the restaurant better and better, Danny’s makes a survey every year. Here are the results.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/11/11/3107353666641920/3118627364028416/STEM/efc195fc51e3473c969ac3677e304116.png?resizew=641)
1. More people order pork in 2022 than in 2012.
2. The blank(空格处)in the pie chart should be filled with 15%.
3. Price is the last reason when people choose a restaurant.
4. Probably, beef with tomatoes is more popular than chicken salad in 2022.
5. Probably, the restaurant will change their old tables and chairs into new ones as quickly as possible.
【推荐3】What comes to mind when you hear the phrase "space meat"? It sounds quite strange. But in fact, it could very well be the future of the human diet.
A Russian astronaut recently "grew" meat aboard the International Space Station. Yes, you read that right-he grew it using cells(细胞)provided by an Israeli company called Aleph Farms. But in fact, he was not the first person to create lab-grown meat. Dutch scientist Mark Post grew the first lab meat in 2013.
But why bother growing meat in a lab when we can get the real thing from cows? For one thing, lab-grown meat is healthier. "We gain greater control over what the meat consists of(组成), for example its fat content," Post said in an interview with The Atlantic. Lab-grown meat is also free of the chemicals that are used on farms, such as pesticides(农药)and growth hormones(激素).
Are there other ways to replace regular meat? McDonalds is trying to do so with the P.L.T., which stands for plant, lettuce and tomato. The first P.L.T. burgers are already being sold in Canada, according to the fast food company.
The "meat" in the P.L.T. is made out of Beyond Meat, a plant-based meat substitute(替代品)created by a company from Los Angeles, US. The company uses pea, rice and bean proteins to produce something that look and taste like real meat.
Experts are not sure whether these products are healthier than real meat. But they have already proven to be a success, with several fast food companies already offering such products on their menus, according to Fox Business.
1. The underlined phrase space meat refers to ________.A.man-made meat | B.real meat | C.Israeli meat | D.regular meat |
A.A Russian astronaut provided cells for an Israeli company. |
B.Russian scientist Mark Post grew the first lab meat in 2013. |
C.Lab-grown meat is made of the chemicals used on farms. |
D.Lab-grown meat is healthier than real meat on our table. |
A.are already being sold in the US. | B.taste better than normal burgers. |
C.are made out of plant proteins. | D.are served by many companies. |
A.They will be the future of the human diet. |
B.They are free from harmful chemicals. |
C.They might not be healthier than real meat. |
D.They have already proven to be a success. |
A.The Future Of The Human Diet. | B.Space Meat Tastes Really Good. |
C.What Do You Think Of Space Meat? | D.Popular Product Of The Human Diet |
【推荐1】I developed a habit of daily learning something new many years ago. It’s one of the best things I’ve ever done. It opens my eyes to the world and gives me a deeper understanding of how the world works.
Many studies have shown that learning new things can improve our brainpower (智能) and memory. When we learn something new, our brain forms new neuronal (神经元的) connections. The more we learn, the easier it is for us to get knowledge. The brain is like a muscle (肌肉). The more we use it, the more powerful it gets. Learning new things can also improve our skills, such as creative writing, math and many others we’ll find helpful now and in the future.
Understanding new information helps us develop our critical (批判性的) thinking skills. When we’re studying a new subject, our brains actively process (处理) new information and compare it to what we already know. Knowing different knowledge also helps us to avoid believing fake (假的) information on the Internet. Even when you are just writing a book report, you are training your mind to become more analytical (善于分析的).
By learning something new, we can have interesting conversations with our friends. We should let ourselves know as much as possible about others’ opinions. Next time you meet your friends, share some of the information that you’ve learned and discuss it. This will give you a deeper understanding of the topic you are trying to know more.
1. What is the writer’s habit?A.Getting up early. | B.Keeping a diary every day. |
C.Daily learning something new. | D.Doing exercise every day. |
A.talk more | B.learn more | C.listen more | D.think more |
A.Knowing different knowledge helps us avoid believing fake information. |
B.Studying a new subject can make us become more analytical. |
C.Learning new things can keep us away from illness. |
D.We should let others know ourselves as much as possible. |
A.how to keep healthy | B.how to get knowledge |
C.why to need thinking skills | D.why to learn something new |
【推荐2】Unlike many other penguins (企鹅), African penguins do not live in the coldest areas of the earth, but on warm sunny coasts of South Africa. They are the first penguin species (物种) discovered by humans.
African penguins grow to 60—70cm tall and weigh 3—4kg. They have pink patches above their eyes. Blood (血液) is sent to these patches to be cooled by the outside air. The hotter the weather gets, the pinker the patches appear. Each African penguin has a unique pattern of black spots (斑点) on the white chest. These spots, like human fingerprints, can be used to identify the penguins.
African penguins feed mainly on fish. These flightless birds swim about 40km every day for food. When they are very hungry, they sometimes cover a distance of 110km. Their top swimming speed is about 20km per hour. They can dive as deep as 120 meters and hold their breath for 2.5 minutes underwater. African penguins moult (换羽) once a year for about 20 days. During this time, they can’t hunt because their new feathers are not yet waterproof (防水的). Without food, they lose nearly half of their body weight.
African penguins live in groups called colonies. They can live for 10—15 years in the wild, but those in protected environments can live for up to 30 years.
Since the 1980s, the African penguin population has dropped. In 2010, African penguins were listed as endangered. Many of the birds have lost to their natural enemies. Human activities, such as overfishing and ocean pollution, have caused others to die.
1. Why do African penguins have pink patches above their eyes?A.To protect their eyes. |
B.To cool them down in hot weather. |
C.To help them see better. |
D.To make them look more attractive. |
A.Tiny. |
B.Clear. |
C.Special. |
D.Beautiful. |
A.For up to 10 years. |
B.For up to 15 years. |
C.For up to 20 years. |
D.For up to 30 years. |
A.They are excellent divers although they can not fly. |
B.They swim about 110km every day to hunt for food. |
C.Their weight remains the same during moulting season. |
D.They can protect themselves from their natural enemies. |
A.Some differences among penguin species. |
B.Some basic facts about African penguins. |
C.Some reasons why penguins are endangered. |
D.Some methods of protecting African penguins. |
Where in the world can you take an hour’s train ride, and pass a forest, a London street, a scene from the Wild West, and a burning building that never burns down?
A visit to Universal Studios brings back memories of great days of Hollywood, the films and the stars. But they are only memories.
The film industry is changing fast. Teenagers still go out to the movies. The theatre is a good place to meet friends away from home.
Though they are soap operas that are keeping the film-makers of Hollywood in business, big films are still being made in America.
But Hollywood is fighting back. The state of California is trying hard to keep its best-known industry.
A.But older people mostly stay at home to watch series, like Dynasty, which has become as important to Hollywood as expensive movies. |
B.Other states, especially Florida and Texas, are working hard to take the film business away from California. |
C.There’s only one place, and that’s Hollywood in California. |
D.But more and more of them are made outside Hollywood. |
E.Hollywood isn’t quite the same as it used to be. |
F.The movies made in Hollywood are the most popular all over the world. |
A. Citipointe Christian College
If you want to learn about Australia, you can come to this school. You may take the modern drama classes. When you have time, you may visit the local zoo to know about the kangaroos and koalas. In addition, you may take a plane to visit the Port Arthur Prison (监狱) in Tasmania to learn about the history of Australia.
B. Manchester Junior School
This school lies in England. Its literature teaching is famous. You will like the English literature classes and writing classes. At the weekends, you can tour around the city.
C. Indian Mountain School
The art education is well-known in this school which is in Connecticut, the USA. You’ll have the chance to visit the library and the arts centre. And you’ll surely learn a lot from the lectures given by the excellent art teachers.
D. Phillips Academy
It’s a private school in Massachusetts, the USA. It is good at PE education. Its football team, swimming team and running team are all strong in New England. Apply for the exchange of this school if you like sports.
E. Toronto International College
As a private school in Canada, it’s famous for its Maths and Physics education. You can take the lessons you like. Also, you can listen to the talks given by the students who got prizes in the national physics competitions.
F. Auckland Grammar School
It was founded in New Zealand in 1868. It has a history of over 150 years. Most of the students here do well in schoolwork. After they graduate from the school, they usually enter the world’s top universities, such as Harvard University and Stanford University.
【推荐2】The widespread use of Internet technology has made our lives easier but causes a big challenge to senior citizens (年长者), who are not always comfortable with smartphones and so many new apps.
Only a few senior citizens are able to enjoy the advantages that new technologies offer. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the number of people aged 60 and above was 255million in 2020, about 17.9% of China’s population. But only 23% of them were able to use the Internet. That means more than three-fourths of the senior citizens are not able to enjoy the digital (数字的) advantages.
Many senior citizens who can’t use smartphones are facing difficulties during this pandemic (疫情). Even with a smartphone in hand and the Internet, many of them still feel helpless. They don’t know how to call a taxi through the apps. It is reported that many shops refused to serve elders who don’t know how to pay by smartphones, instead of letting them pay in cash (现金). Worse still, as they don’t know how to get the Internet-based health code (健康码), they are refused to enter many public places.
New technologies become popular because they are often of great use in our daily lives. But many senior citizens, especially those who live in the countryside or those whose grown-up children don’t live with them, are not able to use the Internet or smartphones. There are different reasons for this. Some senior citizens can’t afford smartphones. Others may feel it difficult to learn new things like using smartphones. The digital gap (差距) between the elderly and the young is becoming bigger.
However, the elderly should not become a silent group who are kept away from new technologies. It is our responsibility to help them bridge the digital gap, and be patient with them when they face difficulties catching up.
1. The numbers in Paragraph 2 show that _________.A.three fourths of the elders can’t afford smartphones |
B.there are a small number of senior citizens in China |
C.only 17.9% of the senior citizens can use the smartphones |
D.many elders fail to enjoy the convenience of new technologies |
A.Most elders need help in how to use the apps. |
B.It’s a must for everyone to have a smartphone. |
C.Cash is no longer accepted in the shops in China. |
D.Many shops refuse to offer service to senior citizens. |
A.Excited | B.worried | C.surprised | D.angry |
A.To show new technologies to senior citizens. |
B.To encourage senior citizens to learn new technologies. |
C.To raise money for poor senior citizens to buy smartphones. |
D.To call on people to help senior citizens with new technologies. |
【推荐3】The dream of millions of children in China has come true because the Walt Disney Company has built a Disneyland Park in Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Disneyland opened in 2016. It cost $3.5 billion. It is in the best place, the Pudong New Area (浦东新区).
The CEO of Disney, Robert, believes that China is one of the most important countries in the world. There’re about 5000 places selling their products (产品) across China and he hopes the park will help introduce (介绍) to all the Chinese people.
The park is the third Disneyland in Asia after the other two in Japan and Hong Kong. Twelve-year-old Hong Kong Disneyland says that Shanghai Disneyland will not be its competitor (竞争者) and the two parks will help each other in the future.
1. Few children like playing in the Disneyland parks in China.
2. Shanghai Disneyland opened in the best place in Shanghai in 2016.
3. People can buy products of Disney in about 5000 places across China.
4. Four countries in Asia have Disneyland parks now.
5. Shanghai Disneyland is bigger than the one in Japan.