You see a snake while hiking! Your heart is racing, your hands feel like ice, and you breathe faster to take in more air. You are experiencing an important emotion: fear.
Some scientists believe we are born with fear: the fear of falling and loud sounds. But we learn most fear. We are scared of snakes after a certain experience, like being bitten, or seeing other people bitten by a snake. Another way to learn fear is from the spoken words or written notes. We may not know that a snake is scary, until our parents say snakes are dangerous. What’s more, fear can be catching. When we see our friends cry, we will be influenced by them.
But where does fear come from? It starts in a part of the brain called the amygdala. The amygdala receives what we see, hear or smell and finds out how much it stands out to us. It then tells the heart to beat faster and the body to sweat. Another part of the brain called the hippocampus is closely connected with the amygdala. It helps the brain read the possible danger and find out whether the danger is real. Seeing a lion in the wild can cause strong fear, but the sight of the same lion at a zoo only brings us fun and the thought that the lion is cute. This is because the hippocampus is telling us there’s no need to worry about it. So, we feel less afraid when signals from the hippocampus overpower the amygdala.
Actually, no one is fearless. Brave people still feel fear like everyone else—the difference is in how they handle it. People who work in dangerous jobs, like firemen, learn to manage their fear by practicing. In this way, they can act automatically in dangerous situations, although they might be really scared at that time. They are also able to quiet their fear because they believe they have the knowledge to solve the problem.
Fear is a natural human emotion that we all experience. We should learn about it and live with it.
1. How many ways to learn fear are mentioned in the passage?| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three. | D．Four. |
| A．It helps us calm down. | B．It tells our heart to beat faster. |
| C．It records the fear we experience. | D．It collects the information around. |
| A．go over | B．suffer from | C．deal with | D．depend on |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
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【推荐1】You may know about “junk food” like French fries. But do you know about “junk sleep”?
Recently, a British survey found that electronic(电子的) products in teenagers’ bedrooms are affecting(影响) their sleep.
The survey was done among 1, 000 British kids from 12 to 16. It found that 30% of them got just 4 to 7 hours of sleep every day. But doctors say they need 8 to 9 hours.
Almost a quarter of the kids said they fell asleep more than once a week while watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic products.
“This is very worrying,” said Dr. Chris Idzikowski, a British expert. “We call it ‘junk sleep’. It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality of the sleep is bad, too. If you don’t get a good rest, you don’t perform well in school the next day. ”
The survey found that 40% of the kids felt tired each day, with girls between 13 and 16 feeling the worst. Nearly all the teenagers have a cellphone, an iPad or a TV in their bedrooms. And many of them have all the three.
1. This passage is mainly about ________.| A．junk food | B．junk sleep |
| C．electronic products | D．the importance of sleep |
| A．200 | B．300 | C．500 | D．1, 000 |
| A．they are both low in quality |
| B．they are both produced in factories |
| C．people enjoy both in their spare time |
| D．they are both good for people’s health |
| A．Teenagers need 4 to 7 hours of sleep each day. |
| B．Few of the teenagers have a cellphone in their bedrooms. |
| C．Teenagers spend too much time on electronic products. |
| D．Girls between 15 and 16 spend the least time on electronic products. |
| A．Parents watch TV together with their children. |
| B．Make teenagers not use any electronic products. |
| C．Make teenagers limit(限制) their use of electronic products. |
| D．The use of the cellphone and iPad is not allowed at school. |
【推荐2】Seventy percent of the people who catch a cold feel better within a week, but it is not unusual to have the common cold for as long as two weeks.
Why does your cold seem to be staying longer than it should be? Here are some possible reasons.
Sleep plays an important role in our immune system（免疫系统). In fact, this year a study showed that people who got less than seven hours of sleep per night were nearly three times more likely to catch a cold than people who slept for eight hours or more.
Water plays an important part in our body. If your cold won’t go away, think about drinking more hot water.
In fact, taking too much medicine can make things worse.
The common cold can easily be mixed with other illnesses. Often, people believe they’ve had a cold for a few weeks and may not realize that they aren’t getting better because they’re being treated for the wrong illness.
People ask “Should I exercise when I have a cold?” all the time. The answer is usually yes. But do it at a low level and listen to your body. For example, try taking a walk instead of running five miles. If you do it at a high level, it’ll do more harm to your body. It’ll also make the cold stay longer.
1. It takes most of the people who catch a cold _________ to feel better.| A．two days | B．less than one week | C．more than one week | D．two weeks |
| A．People who sleep for 6 hours per night. |
| B．People who sleep for 8 hours per night. |
| C．People who sleep for 9 hours per night. |
| D．People who sleep for 10 hours per night. |
| A．not getting enough rest | B．taking too much medicine |
| C．exercising too hard | D．taking a walk |
| A．Taking too much medicine helps us get well soon. |
| B．Drinking more cold water is good for curing the cold. |
| C．To get well, we should tell other illnesses from the common cold. |
| D．We can’t do any exercise when we have a cold. |
| A．How to get away from the cold | B．Why your cold stays longer |
| C．The right medicine for a cold | D．Treating the wrong illness |
Maple trees are the most famous trees in Canada. Their leaves look like little red palms. You can see a maple leaf on Canada’s national flag. In March and April, maple trees shed (流淌) “tears”. They are as sweet as honey.
The sweet “tears” are sap (汁液). On cold days, the sap is frozen. When spring comes, it starts running. The native Americans were the first people to find sap. In an old story, the chief of a tribe (部落首领) threw his axe at a maple tree. The sap ran into a bucket under the tree. The next day, the chief’s daughter used the bucket to cook food. She found that the food was sweet and tasty. It was because of the sap!
People use these “tears” to make maple syrup (糖浆). The Maple Syrup Festival is a traditional festival in Canada. It usually lasts from the end of March to early April each year. Traditional Maple Syrup Festival is open to visitors from home and abroad, especially for children.
People boil the sap to make it sticky and sweeter. At the festival, you can enjoy lots of snacks made out of sap. For example, maple taffy is popular among kids. A candy maker pours hot maple syrup onto clean snow. Wait a few seconds for it to freeze. Tada! The taffy is ready!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1. When do maple trees shed “tears”?
| A．In Spring. | B．In summer. | C．In autumn. | D．In winter. |
| A．Frenchmen. | B．Englishmen. | C．Spanish. | D．The native Americans. |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．To introduce the traditional festival in Canada. |
| B．To advise the children to take part in the festival. |
| C．To explain the reasons for holding the festival. |
| D．To describe people’s ways to celebrate the festival. |
| A．Maple Syrup Festival. | B．Maple Trees. | C．Maple leaves. | D．Sweet “Tears”. |
【推荐1】Spring is here, and it is time to enjoy West Lake Longjing tea. Usually, we think of workers picking tea leaves by hand. But now, some Longjing tea is being picked by metal workers—tea-picking robots!
In a Hangzhou tea garden, a smart tea-picking robot developed by Zhejiang Sci-Tech University set to work for the first time. “We took thousands of pictures of new tea buds (芽) and fed them to the robot for it to learn. The robot uses an AI model to recognize the buds it needs to pick,” said Professor Chen Jianneng, Party branch secretary (党支部书记) of the research team. This lets the robot find the right tea buds about 90 percent of the time.
The robot’s arm pulls and then sucks (吸) up the tea buds. These buds are quickly moved into a special box. After the robot gathers all the buds from the area it’s working at, it moves the buds from the box to a main box that holds everything it collects.
The robot was made because there are not enough people to pick tea. In Zhejiang, about 400,000 more pickers are needed now. “Picking is the biggest challenge for the development of the tea industry,” said Professor Wu Chuanyu, who leads the research team.
“Tea-picking robots are a trend (趋势) of the future,” said Wu. In a positive case, about five years from now, the robots will do the job of picking West Lake Longjing tea instead of people, Wu added.
1. The robot finds tea buds by ______.| A．picking with its arms | B．using an AI model to control it |
| C．learning many pictures of tea buds | D．taking pictures of tea buds and sends them back |
| A．how the robot works | B．what boxes the robot has |
| C．what kinds of tea buds are useful | D．how to move buds from one box to another |
| A．there are not enough tea pickers |
| B．there are too many human pickers |
| C．robots recognize the buds better than humans |
| D．picking tea is a big challenge to human workers |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．Not so many people will drink Longjing tea. |
| B．Robots can help taste the tea in the near future. |
| C．There may be few human pickers five years later. |
| D．Robots will soon take place of people in work and life. |
【推荐2】What do you eat for breakfast every morning? For most people in the United States, cereal has long been a popular choice. But this is changing nowadays.
Sales of cold and hot cereals in the US added up to $10 billion in 2016, according to a study by Ibis World, a research firm. That was $2 billion less than the number in 2009.
People are thinking more carefully about what they eat in the morning. And cereal is known for being less than nutritious (有营养的) and too high in calories.
“More and more people are trying to get products that match their personal definition (定义) of real food,” said Kendall Powell, chairman of the General Mills food company. So, what is real food? One way to describe real food is that when you see it, you can see clearly what it is made of.
There’s a lot more healthy breakfast foods to choose from these days. Turning away from cereal, many people go for fresh fruit, egg, yogurt and even sandwiches.
Some people think that eating cereal at a table takes up too much time. They want to take their breakfast with them out the door.
As a study by Food-Management. com shows, snacking is the new way of eating breakfast in US school yards. And don’t forget the best thing about eating a sandwich: You don’t need to wash a dish!
1. From paragraph 1 and 2, we can know__________.| A．People have cereal for three meals a day |
| B．Cereal is as popular nowadays as it was |
| C．People don’t want to have cold cereal |
| D．Sales of cereal was $12 billion in 2009 |
| A．it is not tasty |
| B．it can’t give people any energy at all |
| C．it’s not popular |
| D．it can’t meet people’s needs for health |
| A．Milk. | B．Cola. | C．Apples. | D．Fish. |
| A．you must eat the food at a table |
| B．it takes longer time than you eat cereal |
| C．you can ask your mother to wash the dishes for you |
| D．you can have a good time with your classmates at the same time |
【推荐3】Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floors swept. With smart devices (装置) controlled by AI, all housework can be done while you are asleep.
Now your kids can try these devices at the smart home show in our community center from August 1st to August 14th. Here in the center we have many fun activities. Children can also try out the cleaning robot Little Q. It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs. It’s like a big toy. Your children will love it.
Opening Hours: 1:00 p. m. -9:00 p. m. from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday.
Visitors: People of all ages are welcome. Children under 12 should come along with their parents. No pets are allowed.
Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks. Visitors can buy food and drinks in the center.
Tickets: Please call 769520 to book a ticket. Kindly note that you CAN’T book a ticket on our website or through e-mail. And it is NOT possible to buy a ticket at our ticket office as it is closed.
1. What are the smart devices for in Paragraph 1?| A．Fanning. | B．Business. | C．Housework. | D．Schoolwork. |
| A．A man with a cat. | B．An 8-year-old boy alone. |
| C．A man with his 3-year-old son. | D．A girl with food from outside. |
| A．By making a phone call. | B．By sending an e-mail. |
| C．By visiting the website. | D．By going to the ticket office. |
| A．A science magazine. | B．A weekly newspaper. | C．A travel guide. | D．A story book. |
