You sometimes feel so close to your friends that they are like family to you. Why? A study by professor Diego has found you and your friends have more genes (基因) in common than strangers do. Maybe this gives you the answer.
Researchers looked at the genes of 1932 people and compared them in pairs of friends and strangers. They found that friends have one percent of genes that match.
“One percent may not sound like much to laypersons (外行), but to geneticists (遗传学家) it is a huge number,” Professor Nicholas said. “In fact, this is the same amount (量) of genes you share with your fourth cousins, those who have the same great-great-great grandparents as you.”
So is it a coincidence (巧合) that you become friends with people who share your genes? Not at all. “People who share certain genes also share skills and have similar likes and dislikes,” researchers said. In ancient times, it was important that people who were similar stayed together. For example, people who had a similar sensitivity (敏感性) to the cold were more likely to help each other. They would make a fire to give themselves a better chance to live. Researchers also found that among all the genes studied, those influencing the sense of smell were the most similar in friends. This is probably because people who smell things in the same way are more easily drawn to similar environments.
Based on the findings, the team has developed an interesting test called the “friendship score”. It can calculate how big the chances are that two people will be friends by studying their genes.
So, here is a question for you: Would you like to take this test to know who your friends are going to be?
1. You sometimes feel close to your friends probably because ________.| A．they act like your family | B．you influence each other a lot |
| C．you spend much time together | D．you have more genes in common |
| A．Our friends are actually relatives of ours. |
| B．One percent sounds like much to laypersons. |
| C．We have one percent of genes that match our fourth cousins. |
| D．we share the same amount of genes as our great-great grandparents. |
| A．smell things in the same way | B．have similarities in the look |
| C．develop a similar taste in music | D．have a similar sensitivity to the cold |
| A．work out | B．depend on | C．set up | D．think out |
| A．Our Friends, Our Family | B．Good Friends, Different Genes |
| C．Genes Help Us Become Friends | D．“Friendship Score”, an Interesting Test |
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【推荐1】Nowadays, people always make resolutions to give up sugar, but they always end up with failure. Why is sugar so powerful, and how can you beat it?
Many sugar cravings(渴求) come from a blood sugar imbalance. When your body takes in sugar, your blood sugar quickly goes up and your body let insulin(胰岛素) out to lower it to a safer level. But if the insulin brings your blood sugar level too low, your body will want more food to raise it and increase your energy. You are on a blood sugar roller coaster that is hard to get off.
Some sugar cravings are from your brain as a result of lifestyle. Always being stressed is like begging for trouble. For example, if you are too stressed, you will be thirsty for sugar to cheer yourself up. Besides, poor sleep can also lead to overeating sugar, because you need energy to free yourself from tiredness.
Sometimes we experience cravings that are nothing but a habit. Perhaps you watched your parents overeat sugar throughout your childhood. Now you do the same, eating pie, for example, even you are not hungry at all. Or you may have spent years eating sweet food like chocolate or ice cream to reduce sadness.
The key to dealing with sugar cravings is to eat foods that stop too much insulin from being released. Healthy fats and protein(蛋白质) are good choices. Eating plenty of healthy fats such as nuts and olive oil, can help your body get its energy elsewhere. Protein helps you feel satisfied, which can cut down hunger. When you feel energized and full, you may not want more food with high sugar. Making a plan to change your life into a healthy one also helps.
You may find it is hard to give up sugar totally. But once you start to deal with it, you may find yourself more energetic and can enjoy a smoother ride on a flat road. So, hopefully, you can beat sugar and have a healthy life.
1. According to the passage, which of the following best shows how blood sugar changes after someone eats something sweet?A． | B． |
C． | D． |
| A．high sugar foods are usually more attractive |
| B．we like to eat high sugar foods when we are happy |
| C．we followed the examples of our parents to overeat |
| D．it’s common for us to feel hungry from time to time |
| A．减少 | B．释放 | C．加快 | D．弱化 |
| A．getting enough sleep at night | B．having a high-protein breakfast |
| C．actively dealing with stress | D．overeating chocolate and ice-cream |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
[A] Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu of the Shenzhou Ⅷ spaceship completed their six- month space station task. |  | |||
[B] China’s space station is now open to scientists and engineers. It is also a national space lab. It can support scientific research and experiments. |  | |||
[C] Long March-2C carrier rocket was sent into space on July 9, 2023．It was the 478th flight task of the Long March A carrier rocket series. |  | |||
[D] China’s L-SAR4 01 satellite can get high-resolution (高清晰度的) images at night and see right through clouds and smoke. These images show views of our beautiful blue planet. |  | |||
 Wang Ning | The experiments done in the space lab are interesting and attractive. | |||
 Li Ming | The high-resolution images from the space are really amazing. | |||
 Jiang Lin | The hero astronauts of Shenzhou Ⅷ make me feel proud of our country. | |||
【推荐3】Bogre met Frederico in New York City. In 2014, they started a project to make the first public records of every language in the world. They’ve already recorded more than 350 languages.
“When humans lose a language, we also lose the greater diversity（多样化）in art and traditions,” said Bogre. Between 1950 and 2010, 230 languages disappeared. Today, a third of the world’s languages have fewer than 1,000 speakers left. Every two weeks a language dies with its last speaker, and 50% to 90% of them are said to disappear by the next century.
Volunteers have been asked to film local speakers talking in their mother languages. Local speakers are asked to share their stories. One volunteer recorded a language that had never been studied by language researchers before. Another volunteer found a speaker of Ainu, a language in Japan that has nothing to do with any other known language.
A lack（缺乏）of protection is the reason for diminishing（削弱）the language diversity. For much of the 20th century, governments across the world made some local people use official languages. More than 100 languages in Australia have disappeared since Europeans arrived. However, most languages die today because of other things. The weather change and urbanization（城市化）greatly result in the disappearance of languages.
1. What do Bogre and Frederico want to do together?| A．Test people’s language levels. | B．Offer language lessons to people. |
| C．Find out the reasons for language loss. | D．Record all the languages in the world. |
| A．Language loss is becoming very serious. |
| B．Few people are worried about language loss. |
| C．Language loss makes it difficult for people to communicate. |
| D．Some countries fail to slow down the process of language loss. |
| A．By writing down local speakers’ stories. | B．By learning languages from local speakers. |
| C．By improving the living conditions of local speakers. | D．By videoing local speakers talking in their languages. |
| A．Where language loss spreads. | B．What causes language loss. |
| C．How to deal with language loss. | D．What language loss brings to people. |
【推荐1】Millions of children in the United States ride safely to and from school on school buses each day. Although school buses are the safest way to take them to school, about 33 school-age children die in school bus-related(与巴士有关的) traffic accidents each year.
Most of those killed are five to seven years old. They are hit in the danger zone(区域) around the bus, either by a passing vehicle(车辆) or by the school bus itself. It is illegal(非法的) for a car to pass a bus with its red light flashing(闪耀).
Young children are most likely to be hit because they hurry to get on or off the bus, act before they think and have little experience(经验) with traffic. They believe that drivers will see them and will wait for them to cross. And they don’t always stay within the bus driver’s sight.
1. School buses are ________.| A．the safest way to get children to school | B．not safe at all |
| C．not killing children | D．All of these |
| A．they ride on the bus | B．they sleep on the bus |
| C．they are outside the bus | D．their school bus hits another car |
| A．They flash red light when children get on or off the bus. |
| B．They run very fast. |
| C．They cause all the traffic accidents that kill children. |
| D．They often hit other vehicles. |
| A．do not hurry to get on or off the bus | B．know more about traffic |
| C．stay within the bus driver's sight | D．all of these |
| A．school buses are safe |
| B．they should not sleep on the bus |
| C．school buses are not safe |
| D．drivers of other vehicles won’t wait for them to cross |
【推荐2】Music, mood(心情), and health
When we turn on the radio and listen to a good song, we cheer up, but scientific music influences our brains and bodies in many other ways.
 | If you turn up the volume (音量) and sing along to your favourite songs, it’s good for your heart and health. But if other people can hear the music from your headphones, you should turn down the volume — it can cause you hearing problems. |
 | If you listen to fast music while you run outside, it can improve your health and help you to speed up your running. But you mustn’t listen to music when you're cycling because it may cause an accident. |
 | Listening to music can help you to pay more attention to your homework. But it’s better to listen to music without lyrics. |
 | Learning to play an instrument can increase your IQ because you have to use both sides of your brain. |
 | Music helps people to calm down(镇定下来). Relaxing music slows down your heartbeat and breathing. It can also help reduce(减少) pain. |
| A．Because the noisy sound may influence others’ work. |
| B．Because the loud sound can break our headphones. |
| C．Because the loud sound is bad for our hearing. |
| D．Because the noisy sound may harm our hearts. |
| A．eating | B．riding our bikes | C．studying | D．working out |
| A．listen to music without lyrics | B．not listen to music |
| C．turn down the volume | D．listen to music with more lyrics |
| A．Listening to any song can make people cheer up. |
| B．Listening to soft music can help people run faster. |
| C．Learning to play the guitar can increase people’s IQ. |
| D．Relaxing music can help sick people breathe faster. |
| A．a travel guide | B．a sports report | C．science fiction | D．a health magazine |
【推荐3】In Germany, most children learn how to ride their bikes with the help of their parents when they are quite young. But if they want to ride bikes by themselves on the road, they have to pass a test when they are Year 4 students. The test is quite like our driving-test.
First, the students must learn about how to ride bikes safely on the road. They’ll have about thirty classes. Every student will get a green book and the book tells them how to keep safe on the road, how to keep others safe and what to do if they get hurt. So the students always find it very helpful after reading.
After the classes, the students will have two written tests. Then, they will do some riding practice at school. Some policemen will come to give them more guides.
At last, the students will have a test on the road. Some policemen will give the students scores. If they can pass the test, they can get a bike licence. Then they are ready for the road.
We all know people from Germany are very precise. We can see this from their riding test for primary school students. The students learn useful riding skills, and at the same time, they learn the spirit of the country.
1. The students in Germany must ________ before they can ride bikes alone on the road.| A．get a bike licence | B．tell their head teachers |
| C．pass a driving test | D．ask their parents for help |
| A．it’s about the history of bikes | B．it’s from a traffic policeman |
| C．it talks about how to ride bikes safely | D．it takes long time to finish reading it |
① have classes ② have a test on the road
③ have written tests ④ do riding practice at school
| A．①④③② | B．①③④② | C．③①④② | D．③④②① |
| A．The students in Germany are good at riding bikes. |
| B．The students in Germany always ride bikes to school. |
| C．Middle school students in Germany will take the riding test. |
| D．The students learn more than riding skills from the riding test. |
