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题型:阅读理解-单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:52 题号:22947353

You may see some unusual fruit and vegetables when you visit a large supermarket, such as square watermelons, blue potatoes and purple cauliflower (菜花). So, why are they so unusual?

Some plants are unusual because they are grown in special ways. For example, square watermelons grow inside square glass cases. The square watermelon result is a specially shaped melon that is easy to cut and store in the fridge. People also grow heart-shaped tomatoes in the similar way. You can do this as well with your own backyard watermelons and tomatoes!

Some plants are designed when they are seeds (种子). Hybrids (杂交) are new plants created by scientists. They are a combination (结合) of different “parent” plants that form a whole new kind of plant. For example, a fruit called the pluot is a cross between a plum and an apricot. It looks like a plum, but it is sweeter than most plums. Crossbreeding (杂交繁育) is when two plants of the same kind are combined to create a better plant. A farmer might crossbreed a small, sweet tomato and a large but tasteless tomato in order to create a large, sweet tomato. It will provide delicious slices that fit better on sandwiches. Farmers must choose the plants with qualities that people want and then grow more of these plants.

The next time you go to the supermarket and see a square watermelon or pluot, remember how much work went into producing it.

1. What do we know about square watermelons from the text?
A.They can be cut and stored easily.
B.Their seeds are specially designed.
C.They are a whole new kind of plant.
D.They’re bigger than other watermelons.
2. Which is the fruit from a hybrid plant from the text?
A.The plum.B.The apricot.C.The pluot.D.The heart-shaped tomato.
3. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.The large, sweet tomato.
B.The small, sweet tomato.
C.The small, tasteless tomato.
D.The large, tasteless tomato.
4. What is the structure (结构) of the text? (P=Paragraph)
A.B.C.D.
5. In which part of a magazine can you read the text?
A.History.B.Sports.C.Science.D.Travel.
【知识点】 科普知识 说明文 植物

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【推荐1】On July 23rd, China successfully sent its first Mars probe by Long March-5 Y4 rocket into the scheduled orbit. 2020 is regarded as the year of Mars as three spaceships are on a 505-million-kilometer journey to Mars. China, the US and the UAE(阿联酋)have all sent their probes to the red planet.

Timing is everything. Every 26 months, the window of the opportunity opens. During that time, the Sun, the Earth and the Mars are in line, and the earth stays in the middle. The distance between Mars and the Earth can be the shortest. That means the journey will take six or seven months instead of the usual nine months. The window of opportunity began on July 15, 2020 and ended on August 15, 2020.

To make a soft landing on Mars has never been an easy job. Besides the long travel distance, scientists think one of the biggest challenges is the seven minutes of terror(恐怖七分钟). That is, the probe needs to reduce the speed from 20, 000 kilometers ever hour to zero in seven minutes to land on the Mars. The atmosphere(大气层)of Mars is very thin. It could not provide enough help for the landing. What’s worse, there are a lot of sandstorms on Mars, making the landing much more difficult.

Anyway, scientists are trying hard to solve the mystery of life on Mars: Is there, or was there ever, life on Mars?

1. How does the writer lead into the topic of the passage?
A.By introducing three countries.B.By sharing a piece of wonderful news.C.By mentioning a journey to Mars.D.By showing people’s opinions on 2020.
2. The second paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A.when the next window of opportunity will openB.when the Sun, the Earth and the Mars are in line
C.why the window of opportunity opened in 2020D.why the three countries sent their spaceships in 2020
3. Which of the following words can best describe the landing on Mars?
A.Exciting.B.Fascinating.C.Challenge.D.Relaxing.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A.The weather on Mars is terrible.B.There will be a window of opportunity in 2023.
C.It’s easy for the probe to land on the surface of Mars.D.It usually takes about 6 months for the spaceship to reach Mars.
5. In which section of a magazine can you read the text?
A.Health and culture.B.History and country.C.Science and technology.D.Population and environment.
2021-11-10更新 | 59次组卷
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文章大意:本文主要讲述了听大音量的音乐对听力有害,大多数声音的“安全水平”是低于80分贝并且每周最多40小时。

【推荐2】Do you often listen to music at loud volumes? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).

Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss due to listening to loud noise for long periods of time, said WHO. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.

The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 decibels (dB, 分贝) for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB.

Loud noise is harmful to the inner ear (内耳). Most of us are born with about 16,000 hair cells (听毛细胞) in our inner ears. These cells detect (探测) sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss.

Some people might think that their music isn’t all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you might feel uncomfortable.

WHO said the “safe level” for most sound is below 80 decibels for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 decibels is roughly equal to the noise of a subway.

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Most kids know it’s wrong to shout at or hit someone. But what if that someone is Alexa—an AI (Artificial Intelligence人工智能) speaker, or Roomba—a robot cleaner?

A new study by Teresa Flanagan, a developmental psychologist from Duke University, found that kids aged four to eleven felt neither Roomba nor Alexa should be shouted at or attacked. However, that feeling weakened as kids grew into their teens.

Flanagan was inspired to do the research after watching some movies about robots. “In those movies, we see adults interacting with robots in terrible ways,” said Flanagan. “But how would kids interact with them?”

Flanagan invited 127 children aged four to eleven to take part in the study. The kids were asked to watch a video of the two devices (设备) and then answer a few questions, like whether it was wrong to attack AI devices and how smart and sensitive they thought Alexa was compared to Roomba. Flanagan studied the survey data and found something encouraging.

Overall, kids decided that both Alexa and Roomba, unlike humans, probably weren’t ticklish (怕痒) and wouldn’t feel pain when they got hit. However, they gave Alexa, but not Roomba, high marks for mental and emotional abilities, such as being able to think or getting upset when someone was mean to it.

“Young children think Alexa, even without a body, has emotions and a mind,” Flanagan said. “But they don’t think Roomba does—maybe that has something to do with Alexa’s ability to have verbal(语音的) communication.”

Although they believed the two intelligent devices had different abilities, children across all ages agreed it was wrong to hit or shout at the machines. However, the older kids got, the more they reported it would be more acceptable to attack devices.

The findings offer new ideas about the changing relationship between children and intelligent devices and raise important questions about how we are supposed to treat them in general and as parents. Should adults, for example, model good behavior for their kids by thanking AI devices for their help?

For now, Flanagan is trying to understand why children think it is wrong to attack intelligent devices.

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B.Test whether Alexa is much smarter than Roomba.
C.Survey how adults interact with intelligent devices.
D.Study why kids think AI is worthy of nice treatment.
2023-05-31更新 | 398次组卷
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