But what if Earth started spinning the other way?
Scientists from Germany have made a computer simulation(模拟) in which Earth spins in the opposite direction – clockwise when viewed from above the North Pole. This showed them some interesting things about the weather and topography (地形地貌) on Earth, Live Science reported.
As Earth spins in a counterclockwise direction, it shapes ocean currents(洋流). The direction of the spin, together with wind, produces different weather around the globe(全球).
But a backwards(逆向的) spin changes the ocean currents and winds. Therefore, the climate(气候) is different. Western areas of continents(大陆) on Earth cool down as the eastern parts warm up. Winters become even colder in northwestern Europe, while eastern Russia becomes warmer than before. Rain no longer falls on the planet’s wettest places.
Another result of a backward spin is that Earth becomes greener. Scientists found that global desert(沙漠) coverage(范围) shrank(缩小) from 42 million square kilometers to 31 million square kilometers. This may have something to do with the changing climate.
Therefore, you can see lush(郁郁葱葱的), green landscapes from Central Africa to the Middle East, which are mostly covered by deserts now. More surprisingly, the Sahara Desert becomes an oasis(绿洲).
A backward spin would keep the major characteristics of Earth’s topography, such as the size, shapes and positions of continents and oceans. But it would also change the interactions between circulating(环流) air, ocean and topography, lead scientist Florian Ziemen told Live Science.
1. What condition did the German scientists use for the simulation?
A.Earth spins from east to west. | B.Earth spins from west to east. |
C.The North Pole is turned upside down. | D.Earth moves around the South Pole. |
A.Because there won’t be any more large oceans. |
B.Because the ocean currents and winds will be changed. |
C.Because it will change the amount of sunlight that Earth can receive. |
D.Because Earth will become greener without deserts. |
A.Winters will become colder. | B.No rain will fall in summer. |
C.Eastern Russia will become warmer. | D.The Sahara Desert will become smaller. |
A.Earth used to spin in the opposite direction |
B.a backwards spin would cause interesting changes on Earth |
C.global desert coverage has been shrinking(缩小) |
D.a backwards spin would change Earth’s topography completely |
A.Sadly, deserts would cover North America. |
B.Luckily, deserts would disappear. |
C.Anyway, deserts would replace the Amazon rainforest. |
D.However, deserts don’t disappear. |
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【推荐1】Fresh green grass, hundreds of colorful wild flowers, water running into little pools, birds making their homes in boxes, the 9,500-square-meter Augustenborg Botanical Garden may look just like any other well-organized park, but there’s a difference. It lies on the roofs (屋顶) of industrial and office buildings in the city of Malmo in Sweden.
Green roofs are not a new invention. And now they are getting popular again. The common roofs of a modern city have endless black surfaces with no life or water. Perhaps that’s why a garden on a roof becomes such a perfect choice for more and more people.
Green roofs are not just pretty. They also help to moderate the city temperature. The high temperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot. What is more, they play a part in making the cities hotter than the countryside around them, causing the “urban heat-island effect”. On a green roof, however, with its plants and water, temperatures change only a little, as they do in a park. Rooftops covered with plants help keep buildings cool. Green roofs take in rain water and protect the city drainage (排水) system. They can reduce water runoff into streets and storm water systems. This can greatly cut the costs of heating and cooling in the building below.
Also, _______. Small animals and birds can make their homes on it. Thanks to this, the city may become part of nature, rather than something completely separate from it. Though they won’t directly replace ground environments, they’re perfect for attracting birds and other wildlife to create a eco-friendly habitat (栖息地).
A green roof helps to improve the overall air quality, too. According to a study, green roofs help reduce (减少) up to:
37% of sulfur dioxide
21% of nitrous acid
0.2kg of dust particles / square meter each year
While the cost of building such a roof can still be higher, it can be cheaper in the long term as a result of energy savings. And wouldn’t it be wonderful to be able to walk out into a garden high above the city’s noise and traffic, whether you’re at school or in an office or just at home in a ten-floor block?
1. With the example of Augustenborg Botanical Garden, the writer wants to explain ________.A.how wildlife is protected | B.what a green roof is like |
C.how to organize a good park | D.what to do with a spare roof |
A.raise | B.check | C.record | D.control |
A.a green roof is alive | B.a green roof protects animals |
C.a green roof is perfect | D.a green roof helps the environment |
【推荐2】There are many deserts on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting.
What are deserts like?
Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony.
Temperatures in the desert can change a lot. During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40 degrees even in the shade( 阴凉处).
Living in the desert
An oasis
An oasis(绿洲)is an area of the desert where water may be found.
The Arabian Desert
The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In some parts of the desert, it is too hot for people to live. Oil was discovered under parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf.
A.At night deserts can become very cold. |
B.The water may be in pools or under the ground. |
C.This oil has made some countries in the area very rich. |
D.The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. |
E.Deserts can also be very windy places. |
【推荐3】Succulent plants (多肉植物), also just called succulents, are very popular with gardeners around the world. They usually have thick leaves, are easy to take care of and fun to look at. So they can be easily found everywhere. Most dictionaries explain “succulent” as “full of juice” or “juicy”. The leaves, which are filled with water-storing cells (水细胞), make most succulents easy to recognize (识别).
While it’s true that all plants store water, none does it as well as succulents. An example is the gigantic Saguaro cactus (巨型仙人掌), which can grow over 12 meters tall. It collects as much water as possible and can live for years without rain.
This makes succulents easy to care for. Even a person without a green thumb can find success with the popular plants. They need water and sunlight but little other care. Place plants where they will receive six hours of indirect sunlight each day. Then they will grow well.
One more thing about succulent plants is how to water your succulent. Check your plant by sticking your finger down into the soil a little. If the soil feels dry, it’s time to water your plant. In other conditions, you don’t need to water it. If you give it too much water, it will have a bad influence on its growth.
Succulents are perhaps one of the easiest plants you’ll ever grow. With so many choices to choose from, why not give them a try?
根据材料内容选择最佳答案,并将其标号填入题前括号内。
1. Why are succulent plants easily found around the world?
A.Because they usually have beautiful looks. |
B.Because they can live without any water. |
C.Because they are easy to recognize. |
D.Because they are easy to take care of and look fun. |
A.A person who doesn’t have thumbs. |
B.A person whose thumb is hurt. |
C.A person who isn’t good at taking care of plants. |
D.A person who is good at taking care of succulents. |
A.Why water is not important for succulent plants. |
B.How to water succulent plants. |
C.How much sunlight succulent plants should get. |
D.What the bad influence of too much water on succulent plants is. |
A.Nature. | B.Culture. | C.Education. | D.Technology. |
A.Succulent plants | B.Ways for plants to store water |
C.Ways to grow different plants | D.Reasons for people to plant succulents |
【推荐1】It seems that Xiong'an has become a hot topic across China overnight. Almost everyone is talking about it this month. That's because on April 1,2017 ,China announced it would build Xiong'an New Area in Hebei Province.
The area is only an hour's drive from Beijing and surrounded by Shijiazhuang ,Tianjin and Beijing. It has a large space to develop and will grow to cover 2 000 square kilometers. It will be as important as Shenzhen Special Economic Zone(深圳经济特区) and the Pudong New Area, according to the State Council( 国务院).
It will help solve big city problems in Beijing, such as traffic jams and air pollution, reported Xinhua News Agency. For example, many companies, universities and scientific research centers will move from Beijing to the new area. Some companies have already made plans to relocate( 迁移) many of their factories there,
The natural environment of the area is also nice for people to live and work in. It is home to Baiyangdian, one of the largest freshwater wetlands in North China. With more than 140 lakes, the wetland is known as the "pearl( 珍珠) of the North China Plain"
International experts and media also think highly of the new area. Some say it will set an example for developing countries, according to Xinhua.
1. Which section of the newspaper is the passage most probably taken from?A.Classic Reading. | B.Story Time. | C.Hot News. | D.Science Study. |
A.Some middle schools. | B.Some scientific research centers. |
C.The State Council . | D.Shenzhen Special Economic Zone . |
A.The media. | B.The wetland. |
C.The North China Plain. | D.The new area. |
A.China has built Xiong'an New Area in Hebei Province. |
B.Xiong'an New Area is far from Beijing. |
C.Xiong'an New Area has a larger population than Beijing. |
D.The natural environment in Xiong'an is nice. |
A.City Problems in Beijing | B.Policies to Solve Problems |
C.Problems in Pudong New Area | D.Area to Solve Problems |
It took more than twenty years to build the Great Pyramid. When it was built, the pyramid was about 146.5 metres high. Over the years it has lost about eight metres off its top.
The pyramid is made of large stone blocks (石块) — 2,300,000 of them! Each of these blocks weighs over 2,000 kilograms. The ancient Egyptians did not have any modern machines. How did they build the pyramid? The pyramid shows that the ancient people were
People once thought that the Egyptians made slaves (奴隶) do all the work on the Great Pyramid. But in fact, they used farmers.
1. From the passage we can learn that _____.
A.Giza is the modern capital of Egypt |
B.there are only three pyramids in Egypt |
C.the Pharaoh Khufu built the Great Pyramid by himself |
D.the Great Pyramid was built (被建) as a tomb for the Pharaoh Khufu |
A.146.5 | B.138. 5 | C.154.5 | D.156. 5 |
A.聪明的 | B.辛苦的 | C.诚实的 | D.热情的 |
A.machines | B.slaves | C.farmers | D.children |
A.To invite people to visit the Great Pyramid. |
B.To give information about the Great Pyramid. |
C.To describe his or her trip to the Great Pyramid. |
D.To tell how he or she feels about the Great Pyramid. |
【推荐3】Welcome to London! Now let me tell you something about this wonderful city. London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is the biggest city in Western Europe with over 7 million people. It sits by the River Thames. London has a history of more than 2000 years.
People
The British Empire (帝国) used to rule around the world, so many people from around the world moved to London. They have brought with them their own languages and cultures. More than 300 different languages are spoken in London.
Culture
London is known for its museums. One important museum is British Museum. It is the oldest public museum in the world. There are two main art museums in London: the National Gallery and the Tate Gallery. Besides, London is also home to arts, such as theatre and music. The Globe Theatre, which was popular in the late 16th and 17th centuries, was opened for performances of William Shakespeare’s central London.
Tourist attractions
London has many wonderful places to visit. For example, the well-known Clock Tower, a 320-foot-high tower, was called the Big Ben. Another famous London building is Buckingham Palace. The members of royal (皇家的) family of England live there. Besides, Hyde Park is the largest open area in central London.
1. What’s the population of London?A.Less than 7 million. | B.Only 7 million. |
C.More than 7 million. | D.Nearly 7 million. |
A.Two. | B.Three. | C.Four. | D.Five. |
A.the Big Ben | B.Buckingham Palace |
C.Hyde Park | D.British Museum |
A.The Location of London. | B.The history of London. |
C.The interesting places in London. | D.The food in London. |
A.more than 300 different languages are spoken in London |
B.the Globe Theatre has less than 300 years’ history |
C.the Big Ben is a 320-foot-high clock |
D.London is the biggest city in Europe |