1 .

The sun shines again after rain, and you see red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo,and purple light in the sky—a rainbow.

Refraction in Action

Sunlight has all the colors of the rainbow, but some go faster when sunlight passes through water. From top to bottom are the faster ones to the slower. Red is the fastest and purple is the slowest.

As light enters water, it refracts. Red, traveling fastest, is refracted (使折射) least. Orange is refracted a little more, and so on. Different colors are separated in this way and that’s what you need to get a rainbow.

How to See a Rainbow

Stand with your back to the sun and search the sky, because a rainbow appears opposite the sun. If the sun is too high, no rainbow can appear. Look at your shadow, the dark shape your body makes on the ground. If it’s taller than you, you have a good chance of seeing a rainbow. The longer your shadow is, the bigger the rainbow.

Guess the Weather

If a rainbow appears in the morning, that means the rainbow is in the west, which is where the rain is. Weather usually moves from west to east, so the rain is coming your way. If it’s in the afternoon, things will be different. Here’s a saying:

Rainbow in the morning, shepherd (牧羊人)’s warning.

Rainbow at night, shepherd’s delight.

See Two at Once

Look for a second rainbow after you see one, but it’s hard to see. The main rainbow has red on top and purple on bottom, but the secondary has red on bottom and purple on top.

Unseen Rainbow Parts

Sunlight has infrared radiation (红外线), which we can’t see. Still, infrared radiation gets refracted by raindrops, and lies above the main rainbow’s red light. Ultraviolet radiation (紫外线) is also part of a rainbow. It’s just below purple.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. Which light is refracted most when going through the rain?

A．Red.

B．Yellow.

C．Blue.

D．Purple.

2. When can we probably see the biggest rainbow?

A．When the sun shines.

B．When the sun is low.

C．When our shadow is the shortest.

D．When we stand with our back to the sun.

3. What is probably “shepherd’s delight” according to the text?

A．Fine weather.	B．Free time at night.
C．Seeing two rainbows.	D．Beautiful rainbow colors.

4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．Rainbows are hard to see.

B．Parts of the rainbow are unseen to the eyes.

C．Rainbows can be divided into different parts.

D．Rainbows have all the colors of the sunshine.

5. How does the writer develop the whole text?

A．By giving advice.	B．By telling stories.
C．By describing facts.	D．By listing numbers.

2 . Is it difficult for you to understand how someone else feels? Building up your empathy (同理心) skills not only helps you talk with your friends. It also gives others kindness and encourages others to do the same. Empathy Day is on 8 June. It’s a chance to learn more about empathy and how it can be used to create a kinder world.

Empathy is a kind of power. It lets you understand how others are feeling. If you can see your friend is sad after losing a football game, for example, and you show your care for them, you are showing empathy. As well as making you a better friend, empathy encourages other people to show kindness, too. Miranda McKearney is from Empathy Lab and she believes that even small kindness can help others change.

Scientists say empathy isn’t something you are born with. It’s something you need to learn. One way you can do this is by active listening. This is when you give someone your full attention (注意力) when they’re talking to you. You listen closely and answer in a way that shows you understand. Reading is also a great way to build up empathy. Stories can take you inside someone’s mind and show you the world through their eyes and emotions.

Helen Riess is a psychiatrist (精神病专家). She advises not just to step into someone else’s shoes but taking a walk in them. This could mean trying out something that is important to them. The Mission Empathy Challenge has ideas for using empathy in schools or at home. That might be helpful for you to talk with someone new in your class and having a friendly conversation, or making small changes to your actions.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. What is the main purpose of Empathy Day?

A．To improve reading skills.

B．To show sports examples.

C．To learn about different emotions.

D．To encourage kindness through empathy.

2. According to Miranda McKearney, why is empathy important?

A．It makes you a better reader.

B．It is a skill you are born with.

C．It encourages kindness in others.

D．It helps you win football matches.

3. What is one way mentioned in the text to build empathy?

A．Video games.	B．Active listening.
C．Music activities.	D．Challenging reading.

4. According to Helen Riess, what is the underlined part mean?

A．Walking together.	B．Mixing their feelings.
C．Trying on their shoes.	D．Deep understanding for others.

5. In which part of a magazine can you read the text?

A．Sports.

B．Culture.

C．Health.

D．Science.

3 .

Achoo! We all sneeze sometimes. Sneezing is a reflex (反射作用) that your body does without control. That means you cannot make yourself sneeze or stop one once it has started. When you sneeze, your body is trying to get rid of bad things in your nose, such as germs. You have a lot of germs when you have a cold, so you sneeze a lot more. You might also sneeze when you smell pepper (胡椒)!

Inside your nose, there are hundreds of tiny hairs. These hairs filter the air you breathe. Sometimes dust (粉尘) find their way through these hairs and cause trouble to your nasal passages (鼻腔). The nerves in your nose tell your brain that something is hurting your body.

Your brain, lungs, nose, mouth, and the muscles (肌肉) of your upper body work together to blow away the germs with a sneeze. When you sneeze, germs from your nose get blown into the air.

It is very important to wash your hands after you sneeze into them, especially during cold and flu season.

Do you ever sneeze when you walk into bright sunlight? Some people say that happens to them often. Scientists believe the UV rays of the sun irritate (刺激) the nose of these people so they sneeze.

If someone nearby sneezes,remember to tell them “Gesundheit!” That is a funny-looking word which is pronounced “gezz-oont-hite.” It is the German word that wishes someone good health after sneezing.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. What does the underlined word “filter” mean in Chinese?

A．穿透

B．过滤

C．识别

D．阻挡

2. Which parts of your body work together when you sneeze?
①brain            ②ears             ③lungs               ④nose               ⑤ mouth               ⑥feet

A．①②③④

B．①③④⑤

C．①③⑤⑥

D．③④⑤⑥

3. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．One of the reasons people sneeze.	B．The importance of the UV rays of the sun.
C．One of the ways to keep healthy.	D．Protection measures when people sneeze.

4. What do you mean when you tell someone “Gesundheit”?

A．I wish you a good day.	B．I wish you lots of luck.
C．I wish you good health.	D．I wish you would stop sneezing.

5. What is the theme (主题) of the text?

A．Nature.

B．Culture.

C．Environment.

D．Health.

4 . When the flu (流感) hits you, it often seems to be most severe (严重) at night. You might have a cough, a blocked nose, or a sore throat that just won’t let you sleep. Have you ever thought about why the flu feels so bad at night?

One reason has to do with your body’s daily clock. At night, when you’re trying to rest, certain small parts in your body that fight off sickness become more active. They’re working hard to get rid of the sickness, but this can make you feel worse. It’s like your body is having a silent battle with the flu, and you feel more coughs, stuffy nose, and aches because of it.

Another factor is how lying down affects you. When you’re up and moving around, the force that pulls everything down helps mucus (粘液) clear away. But in bed, mucus collects in the back of your throat, causing that itchy (痒的) feeling that makes you cough. This is called nose drip after lying down and can be really annoying when you’re trying to sleep.

So what can you do about it? Drinking lots of water throughout the day can help by making mucus thinner and easier to clear. Before bed, a hot shower might also help open up your nose. And when it’s time to lie down, try lifting your head up with a few extra pillows (枕头). This can prevent mucus from building up in your throat and help you breathe more easily.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. When do flu symptoms often feel worse?

A．At night.	B．In the morning.
C．In the afternoon.	D．Right after eating.

2. What part of your body becomes more active at night to fight the flu?

A．Brain.	B．Nose.
C．Stomach.	D．Small parts inside.

3. Why does mucus cause an itchy feeling at night?

A．Because of eating hot food.	B．Because of nose drip after lying down.
C．Because it becomes thicker.	D．Because it’s sensitive to pillow material.

4. What is the structure of the passage? (P-Paragraph)

A．

B．

C．

D．

5. What’s the best title for the text?

A．The Flu: A Nighttime Battle	B．How to Treat the Flu
C．The Best Flu Medicine	D．Understanding Mucus and Coughing

5 . Hunger is more than the feeling you get when you miss an after-school snack. It’s a world problem that influences one in nine people around the world. Every year, more than a quarter of a million people die of hunger. That’s more than the amount of people who die of some common diseases like hepatitis (肝炎). It’s important that we eliminate this deadly problem.

One of the biggest problems with hunger is that it creates a circle of poverty (贫穷) and more hunger. People who can’t afford to buy nutritious (有营养的) food often become weak and ill. They are unable to work and can’t support their families. Often, children must work in fields or factories to earn money for food. For boys and girls who do attend school, hunger can make it difficult for them to pay attention and learn. Poor health and education make it harder for these children to get jobs in the future, which makes the circle of hunger continue.

Genetically modified (GM) crops (转基因作物) have helped scientists fight the hunger problem. These crops have helped provide more food and help farmers make more money. However, some people don’t trust these crops. They worry the food is unsafe. Still, there is a lot we do not know about GM food. Will GM food make people sick? We do not know. It’s better to do more tests before we widely use it.

Hunger isn’t an easy problem to solve, but change is possible. There is more food than ever before, and the number of people living with hunger has gone down. If we can work together and continue to find better ways to get food to the people who need it, we will end world hunger in the future.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. Why is hunger a world problem?

A．Because it is the biggest cause of death.

B．Because it makes school children eat more snacks.

C．Because it influences lots of people around the world.

D．Because it usually causes common diseases to people.

2. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Solve.

B．Research.

C．Create.

D．Change.

3. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?

A．Good jobs are important for people’s future.

B．Hunger can get people’s life worse and worse.

C．Children from poor families make money early.

D．Children in school should pay attention to their study.

4. What is probably the writer’s attitude (态度) towards GM crops?

A．Doubtful.

B．Disappointed.

C．Supportive.

D．Surprised.

5. What is the main idea of the text?

A．How to end world hunger.	B．Food safety matters.
C．Get to know GM crops.	D．The circle of hunger continues.

6 . 阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，含缩略形式。

Flying kites is a normal way for people to relax. You can see many children and parents fly kites in the park     1     spring. In fact, kites were not invented to relax at first. It’s said     2     kites were invented by a famous Chinese philosopher (哲学家). Historical records show that kites had several names, such as Zhiyuan in the north in ancient China. All of them     3     borrowed from the names of birds. During the late Tang Dynasty, some people put music strings (琴弦) on kites, and they produced a sound like the Chinese zither (古筝) ,     4     people called them “fengzheng”. The name is still used today.

During the Song Dynasty, kites became toys, and kite making turned into a kind of traditional folk art. Weifang is famous     5     its kite making and flying customs. Each year, the Weifang International Kite Festival is held in April, and kite lovers from all over the world take part in it.

7 .

Have you ever eaten pancakes with maple syrups? They are delicious! Canada is famous for its maple syrup. The maple leaf is even on the Canadian flag. Maple syrup comes from the maple tree and around 70% of the maple syrup in the world comes from Canada. And 90% of that comes from Quebec, in the east of the country.

First, sap (汁液) is collected from the maple trees. A tap is put into the tree to collect the sap. The bucket in the picture: above is full of sap. This takes place during spring—from early March to late April. Sap can be collected from larger trees up to three times during spring.

Next, the sap is taken to a large storage tank (存储罐). The sap travels through pipes (管子) to sugar house. This is where the sap is made into syrup. The sap is boiled to make it into syrup. As the sap boils, it becomes thicker and sweeter. About 40 kilos of sap makes about one kilo of syrup. Once the syrup is ready, it is put into bottles or cans and sent to shops and businesses.

You can use maple syrup in many different ways. You can put it on pancakes, ice-cream or oatmeal. It tastes great on salad with a little lemon juice. You can also cook with maple syrup. You can put it on vegetables, pork or chicken before you cook them. Some people like to use it in tea and coffee instead of sugar. In fact, maple syrup is a little healthier than sugar. It has some different minerals (矿物质) in it, so you don’t have to feel too bad about eating this sweet treat!

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. What do you think “maple syrup” mean in Chinese according to the text?

A．枫糖浆

B．蔬菜沙拉

C．燕麦粥

D．柠檬汁

2. When is sap taken from the maple trees?

A．During winter.

B．During autumn.

C．During summer.

D．During spring.

3. How much sap makes one kilo of syrup?

A．20 kilos of sap.

B．30 kilos of sap.

C．40 kilos of sap.

D．50 kilos of sap.

4. What do we know about maple syrup according to the text?

A．90% of maple syrup in the world comes from Canada.

B．Maple syrup is collected from the maple trees.

C．Maple syrup can be used in many different ways.

D．Sugar is a litle healthier than maple syrup.

5. In which unit of a textbook can the text be found?

A．Unit 3 Trees.	B．Unit 4 Going places.
C．Unit 5 Electricity.	D．Unit 6 Language learning.

8 . 请根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。

In one area of the Atlantic Ocean, strange things have happened for many times. Boats and planes have suddenly disappeared without a trace (踪迹). People have seen strange things in the sky.     1     This area is called the Bermuda Triangle (百慕大三角).

Every day, scientists learn more about the world. They are always interested in the world mysteries and wonders. With high technology nowadays, they have known a lot of them.     2      

In the 1940s, the United Fruit Company’s workers were clearing land in Costa Rica for a banana plantation. Suddenly, the workers stopped.     3     The smallest ones were two centimeters across. The largest ones were two meters across. The society that made them is gone, and no one knows why they were made. Because people have moved the balls, it is difficult to study them.     4     

In June of 1908, there was a large explosion (爆炸) over Russia. The explosion gave off about 1,000 times more energy than the atomic bomb dropped in Japan. It knocked down about 60 million trees over 2,000 square kilometers. People call the explosion “The Tunguska Event”.     5     Scientists are still working to understand it.

Some day we may understand these mysteries. But until then, they are still puzzles for us all.

A．Some now stand in front of people’s houses!

B．And compasses have stopped working properly.

C．In fact, strange things happen in the world every day.

D．But even today, nobody knows what caused it.

E．They are too large for people to study.

F．They had found almost perfectly round stone balls in different sizes.

G．But there are still things that people don’t understand.

9 . 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。

Did you ever ride on a camel (骆驼) in the desert (沙漠)? The camel sways (摇摆) when it walks. It feels like a bumpy (颠簸的) boat ride on the sand.     1    

Long ago, people used camels to carry all their things across hot and dry deserts. Camels are really good at traveling in the desert. They eat wild plants and carry more things than horses. When the sky is full of wind and sand, they can still travel.     2     Sometimes, a camel could carry lots of things and go without water for two weeks.     3     People drink camel milk and eat camel meat. Dried camel droppings (粪便) are useful, too.     4     So, next time you think about a desert trip, remember to meet camels.     5    

A．They don’t need much water.

B．People call camels ships of the desert.

C．Today, desert people still ride on camels and use them to carry things.

D．Desert people use them to make cooking fires!

E．They have been helping people for a long time.

10 . It’s said that each color has its own meaning. Red makes one feel energetic. Blue makes us feel confident. Yellow means bright. Orange lets you feel happy. Green stands for peace. Pink means romantic (浪漫) and black means safety.

The color of our clothes can affect our feelings, too. When we are sad, we will wear dark-colored clothes; when we are happy, we often choose to wear light-colored clothes.

Suppose we are feeling sad, if we wear black we may begin to feel worse. However, if we wear green, red or yellow, we may begin to feel better.

So remember, if you are in a bad mood, you can always try on some different colored clothes. If one color has no effect (影响) on your feelings, maybe another will.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. Which color makes us feel energetic?

A．Black.

B．Blue.

C．Yellow.

D．Red.

2. When we are sad, what color of clothes should we wear to feel better?

A．Yellow.

B．Brown.

C．Black.

D．Dark blue.

3. How many kinds of colors does the passage mention (提到)?

A．Six.

B．Seven.

C．Eight.

D．Nine.

4. If you want to give a speech, you should wear ________ clothes.

A．red

B．blue

C．yellow

D．orange

5. From this passage, we know ________.

A．not all colors have meaning	B．blue makes us feel safe
C．colors can affect our moods	D．dark color can make us feel better when we are sad