1 . Why do We Yawn?
Do you yawn? There are about 20 reasons that scientists think are possible for yawning after research. They do not know exactly why yawning happens, but they do know many facts about yawning.
We know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five seconds. You take in a lot of air and then push it out. Then you quickly close your mouth. We also know that yawning is contagious. When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too.
Many people say they yawn because they are bored or tired. That might be true. People do often yawn before they sleep and after they wake up. However, we know that people also yawn when they are excited or nervous. Olympic runners, for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that? In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down.
Some scientists believe that yawning makes you notice things more quickly. When you yawn, you breathe deeply. You also stretch (强化) the muscles (肌肉) in your face, mouth, and neck. Your eardrums stretch, too. Maybe this helps you to be quicker to notice things.
In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. In other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in. When they breathe out, they think that bad things go out of the body with the air.
Scientists do not spend much time studying yawning. That is probably because yawning does not hurt. It is just something we do.
1. What does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Able to spread quickly. | B．Able to breathe easily. |
| C．Able to change easily. | D．Able to sleep quickly. |
| A．They are too tired or too bored. |
| B．A yawn can let good things in. |
| C．A yawn can help a warm brain cool down. |
| D．A yawn can stretch the muscles in their faces. |
| A．Reasons for yawning. | B．Advantages of yawning. |
| C．Disadvantages of yawning. | D．Different ideas about yawning. |
| A．People use different ways to yawn. |
| B．Scientists will do further research on yawning. |
| C．It’s hard to notice things quickly while yawning. |
| D．Some scientists think yawning is good for people. |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
2 . Pencils and Pens
No one knows who invented pencils or when it happened. A Swiss described a pencil in a book in 1565. He said it was a piece of wood with lead inside it. (Lead is a very heavy, soft, dark gray metal.) Pencils weren’t popular, and people continued to write with pens. They used bird feathers as pens. Then, in 1795, someone started making pencils from graphite (石墨), and they became very popular. One pencil can write 50,000 English words or make a line 55 kilometers long. People wrote with feather pens and then used pens with metal points. They had to dip (蘸) the point into ink after every few letters. Next, someone invented a fountain pen that could hold ink inside it. A fountain pen can write several pages before you have to fill it again. Two Hungarian brothers, Ladislao and Georg Biro, invented the ballpoint pen. English pilots liked the pens. They couldn’t write with fountain pens in airplanes because the ink leaked out. Later, a French company called Bic bought the Biros’ company. Some people call ballpoint pens “Bics.” Australians call them “Biros.” Whatever we call them, we use them every day. |
|
1. A ________ described a pencil in 1565.
| A．Canadian | B．German | C．Swiss | D．Japanese |
| A．feathers | B．stone | C．graphite | D．wooden |
| A．1,795 | B．50,000 | C．55 | D．1,943 |
| A．A fountain pen can hold ink inside it. |
| B．Ballpoint pen are good for writing in airplanes. |
| C．Fountain pens may leak ink. |
| D．Biros’ company bought Bic. |
| A．We use pens and pencils every day. |
| B．There were many kinds of pens before ballpoint pens. |
| C．Pens and pencils are very useful inventions. |
| D．Pens were invented earlier than pencils. |
Trees are one of the oldest “citizens” (居民) of our Earth. They keep our air clean, reduce noise pollution, improve water quality and provide food and building materials (材料).
Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. At 1 to 3 years old, young trees learn how to protect themselves. For example, many trees grow thorns (刺) to warn animals not to go near. Most young trees have large deep green leaves so that they can catch enough sunlight and change it into their food and energy.
When trees are 4 years old, they begin to grow very rapidly and become strong enough to face challenges (挑战) later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit.
It is not until the tree is 20 to 25 years old that it becomes a real adult. The tree reaches its largest size. The adult tree gives us shade (树荫), oxygen (氧气) and natural beauty; it is also a great place for a tree house, or a place for us to read a book, listen to music and so on. If we give the adult tree proper care, it will go on to live healthily for many years.
Gradually, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. When a tree becomes hollow (空心的) or part of it becomes dead, it provides a home to small animals and is a source of food for many other animals.
In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. When we are looking at the life of a tree, we learn about that each period of life brings its own form of joy and challenge. Enjoy every minute of the life of the trees and take care of the trees!
1. What can a tree be used as when it becomes hollow?| A．A home to small animals. | B．Food for all animals. |
| C．Shade and beauty for people. | D．A place for a tree house. |
①Growing very rapidly ②Becoming a real adult
③Having large, deep green leaves
④Growing older and dying ⑤Producing flowers and fruit
| A．②①③④⑤ | B．③⑤①②④ | C．①③⑤②④ | D．③①⑤②④ |
| A．Because our life is becoming better and better. |
| B．Because each period of life brings its own form of joy and challenge. |
| C．Because the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. |
| D．Because trees give us so much and make our world beautiful. |
| A．The life of a tree | B．The kinds of trees |
| C．The secret of a tree | D．The advantages of a tree |
(① =Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2, … )
| A．①—②③④—⑤⑥ | B．①②—③④—⑤⑥ |
| C．①—②③④⑤—⑥ | D．①②—③④⑤—⑥ |
Do you know the two lovely mascots (吉祥物)? You may know the five “Fuwa” dolls from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On September 17, 2019, the two lovely mascots first showed on TV. Now, let’s see who they are.
Look at the panda! It looks like an astronaut. It wears an ice shell and looks fat, so we call it “Bing Dwen Dwen”. White is the colour of ice and snow. “Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them. That’s why it is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. The red heart shape in its left hand means welcoming the friends from other countries. The bright colours of the circles around its face stand for ice and snow sport tracks, meaning connectivity and advanced technologies.
Do you think the red mascot looks like a lantern(灯笼)? The lantern’s name is “Shuey Rhon Rhon”. When the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the colour of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year. “Shuey Rhon Rhon” can give players hope and help them do well in the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games (残奥会) .
Many people in different countries like the two mascots very much, and they show their love for them on the Internet.
1. ________ is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.| A．“Fuwa” dolls | B．Bing Dwen Dwen |
| C．An astronaut | D．Shuey Rhon Rhon |
| A．It’s on Shuey Rhon Rhon’s face. | B．It’s on Bing Dwen Dwen’s neck. |
| C．It’s on Shuey Rhon Rhon’s lantern. | D．It’s on Bing Dwen Dwen’s left hand. |
| A．Because it is easy to make red lanterns. | B．Because “Shuey Rhon Rhon” is a mascot. |
| C．Because people think red lanterns are very lovely. | D．Because people think red lanterns can bring good luck. |
| A．“Bing Dwen Dwen” can skate very well. | B．“Shuey Rhon Rhon” likes ice sports and is good at them. |
| C．The two lovely mascots were first showed on TV on September 16. | D．Everybody likes the two mascots and shows his love on the Internet. |
| A．The sports in Olympic Games. | B．Two Olympic mascots come to life. |
| C．2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games. | D．2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. |
5 . Once there was a king and his daughter. The king asked his daughter how much she loved him. She said that she loved him as much as the loved
Salt has many
For centuries, salt was also hard to
Today, salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life.
1.| A．salt | B．air | C．gold | D．sugar |
| A．or | B．so | C．and | D．but |
| A．forms | B．secrets | C．uses | D．skills |
| A．wide | B．safe | C．smooth | D．thick |
| A．protect | B．provide | C．produce | D．prepare |
| A．in | B．outside | C．for | D．without |
| A．hopeful | B．comfortable | C．valuable | D．successful |
| A．saved | B．dreamed | C．invited | D．described |
| A．sell | B．get | C．take | D．keep |
| A．money | B．medicine | C．earth | D．food |
Can you imagine astronauts’everyday life in space? They also need to eat, s
On the e
In space, sleeping is very different f
Exercise is very i
After a day’s work, astronauts relax. They may listen to music, read, watch films, play games, or talk to their friends and families on the earth. Sometimes they just e
7 . There is a great need to search for clean and renewable(可再生的) energy to meet our needs. It seems that wind energy is a good choice. Do you know anything about wind energy?
The first advantage of wind energy is that it truly is a renewable resource. No matter how much wind we use to produce electricity, we will never reduce the supply(供应) of wind. This is its greatest advantage compared with non-renewable resources like coal or oil. Second, wind energy is a clean source of energy, which means it produces environment-friendly electricity. What’s more, the large towers,which provide the base for the wind turbines(涡轮机), don’t take up lots of space. They can share land with farms.
However, each coin has two sides. That is to say wind energy does have some disadvantages. Wind does not provide supply of energy without stopping. Even the windiest places on earth have periods of calm. If there isn’t a strong wind, wind turbines are not able to produce electricity. The large blades of wind turbines can be very dangerous for birds and bats. The turbines cause noise pollution. It can also be bad to people living around.
Although wind energy has disadvantages, its advantages shouldn’t be forgotten.
1. People search for ________ to meet their needs according to the passage.| A．electricity | B．coal and oil |
| C．non-renewable energy | D．clean and renewable energy |
| A．One | B．Two. | C．Three | D．Four |
| A．The large towers. | B．Wind turbines |
| C．Energy resources. | D．Renewable resources |
| A．Wind energy also has some disadvantages |
| B．Wind can't provide energy without stopping |
| C．The blades of wind turbines can be very dangerous |
| D．The turbines cause noise pollution while working |
| A．wind energy is a non-renewable resource |
| B．the greatest advantage of wind energy is renewable |
| C．the windiest areas never have periods of clam |
| D．wind turbines can't be dangerous for birds and bats |
Have you ever wondered why different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments. These pigments appear in different amounts （数量）, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.
To find out how environment influences fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors. They found that red fruits are likely to grow in cooler places. You can find them growing in many places around the world instead of just in one place. Blue and purple fruits mostly grow in warmer places. They grow a lot in just one specific （特定的） area. The closer the fruit is to the equator（赤道）, the darker its color will be.
Animals also have an influence on the development of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds（种子）in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract（吸引） animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy to see. However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual（视觉的）abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live.
1. The underlined word “pigments” in the first paragraph means ________.| A．数量 | B．味道 | C．品种 | D．色素 |
| A．In the cool places. | B．Around the world. | C．Near the equator. | D．In dry places. |
| A．seeds | B．environment and animals | C．visual abilities | D．human activities. |
| A．why blue fruits mostly grow in cooler places |
| B．why red fruits are likely to grow in warmer places |
| C．why different kinds of fruit have different colors |
| D．why animals drop the seeds of fruit in other places |
| A．In a storybook. | B．In a sports magazine. | C．In a movie poster. | D．In a science magazine. |
The lion dance is part of traditional Chinese culture. People often perform it the night before the Chinese New Year. They
There are many different stories
There are
| A．still | B．also | C．almost | D．Just |
| A．bring | B．leave | C．find | D．keep |
| A．in | B．with | C．about | D．over |
| A．excited | B．bored | C．relaxed | D．scared |
| A．help | B．agree | C．visit | D．refuse |
| A．story | B．reason | C．event | D．mistake |
| A．two | B．three | C．four | D．five |
| A．watch | B．fight | C．catch | D．try |
| A．other | B．same | C．only | D．simple |
| A．luck | B．advice | C．practice | D．hope |
10 . Computers can injure you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries happen slowly.
You probably know how to ride a bike safely. Now learn to use a computer safely.
Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect on (反射) the screen. If the window is in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Your hands and wrists (手腕)
Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time, follow these three rules:
1. Rest your wrists on something.
2.Keep your elbows at the same height as the keyboard.
3. Stop sometimes and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in the wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should all be in front of your eyes. Your forearms wrists, hands and the upper part of your legs should all be parallel (平行) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and necks.
Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.
1. A computer screen may injure your eyes if _______| A．you sit 60 centimeters away | B．you remember to look away |
| C．your eyes are too close to it | D．the window is on your left or your right |
| A．get plenty of exercise | B．move in the same way again and again |
| C．rest your wrists on something | D．keep your elbows as high as the keyboard |
| A．you work near a window | B．you often take a rest from working |
| C．you use a keyboard for a long time | D．the window is behind you |
| A．in the right way | B．for many hours |
| C．with the screen below your eyes | D．with your back leaning forward |
| A．How to protect your eyes. | B．How to protect your hands and wrists. |
| C．How to use a computer safely. | D．How to protect your back. |
