The captain stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. “The Greeks have gone ______ we’ve won,” he said. “They’ve tried to capture our city for ten years. Now they’ve ______ and sailed away!”

“But look over there,” a soldier said. “They’ve left a huge ______ horse.”

“Ah, yes,” the captain said, “it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to take it with them. Get some ______ and pull it into the city.”

That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated. They sang and danced ______ the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. “I haven’t laughed ______ this since my childhood,” the captain said. ______ the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep.

By midnight, the main square was ______ , except for the huge horse. ______ a secret door opened on the side of the horse. The horse was ______ Greek soldiers! They quietly climbed out of the horse one ______ one.

The soldiers opened the main ______ . The Greek army entered the city.

______ ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by ______ .

In one night, however, they ______ in capturing it through a clever trick.

3 . There are purple clothes, purple handbags, purple bicycles, purple furniture, even purple computers! So purple is one of the most _______ colors today. But in the past, purple was a very expensive and unusual color. Let’s take a look at the rich _______ of the color purple.

Some scientists believe that the first plants to appear on Earth over 500 million years ago ______ looked purple, not green. Plants today are green because _____ use green chlorophyll (叶绿素) to produce energy. _______ these early plants probably used something called retinal, which is a dark purple color.

During the time of the Roman Empire, it was very _______ to make purple dye (染料). The dye came from sea snails(海螺). But 10,000 dead sea snails _______ you just one gram(克) of purple dye...as well as a very bad smell! This _______ purple dye was called Tyrian purple, and it was the preferred _______ of emperors. In the 16th-century England, purple was ________ for the king’s family members. Queen Elizabeth I's clothes were purple, but ordinary people were not allowed to ________ the color.

In 1856, William Perkin, an 18-year-old ________ student, noticed something strange while doing an experiment. The chemicals( 化学药品) he used to clean his instruments ________ with the chemicals he used in his experiment and produced a bright purple color. This ________ led Perkin to start a company using this chemical mixture to make purple dye. The dye was much ________ than sea-snail dye. Thanks to Perkin, now anyone can afford to wear purple clothes.

4 . Do you know anything about the invention of the bar code(条形码)?

A small food store owner found it was _______ to keep records of the product information. In 1948, he asked the Drexel Institute of Technology to solve this _______ . Bernard Silver, a graduate student, was _______ . He and his friend Norman Joseph Woodland _______ to work on it _______, they invented their first working system.

The system did work _______, but it was very expensive and _______ the system didn't work well. If the invention was to become _______ in stores, the problems had to be solved. Finally, Woodland solved _______.

The patent(专利权) for the bar code system was ________ for by Silver and Woodland in 1949, but the patent was not given until 1952. ________ this patent was given, the system was still not popular ________ store owners.

In 1970, a business named Logicon Inc, ________ the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (食品工业统一码). Marsh Supermarket in Troy was the first store to ________ this bar code reading system. It has become very popular ever since, and now it's ________ in all types of stores all over the world.

5 . Early in the 16th century, it was difficult for people to live without enough food. So lots of people tried hard_______ Asia to gain wealth. In order to find Asia, they had to find a way to pass South Africa based on their knowledge about all the routes. The man___________   finally found the way from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean was Ferdinand Magellan.

Magellan sailed from Seville in August, 1519,_________ five ships and   about 280 men. Fourteen months later, after the cold winter on the coast of Patagonia, he discovered the channel which is now called Magellan Straits. In November, 1520, after many months of dangers from rocks and storms, the three remaining ships seemed to come close to the success. They sailed into the ocean from the other side of South America_________ .

They then continued, hoping to reach Asia. But they couldn't see any land__________ they reached the island off the coast of Asia. What's worse, before they arrived at________ islands, which were later known as the Philippines, most of them had already died of starvation. While they were staying in the Philippines, Magellan__________in a battle.

The remaining officers then had to get back to Spain. They decided to sail around Africa. After___________ difficulties, one ship with eighteen men sailed into Seville three years after leaving. They were all that remained of Magellan's expedition, which was one of___________ expeditions in the world.

The adventure of Magellan's expedition told us that when facing difficulties, we should not give up easily. Instead, we need to be confident of__________ and tried our best to fight against them.

6 . When you walk into a dining room or a restaurant on the street, you can often see tofu on the menu. Yes, tofu! Tofu is a big part of our daily diet.

Tofu can be made _______ many foods such as Mapo Tofu (麻婆豆腐), assorted tofu (什锦豆腐) and snacks like stinky tofu (臭豆腐). Do you know why tofu can be used for so many different things? Tofu has a mild (淡味的) taste, which gives it the possibility to take on nearly any flavor, so it is easy to add to many dishes and snacks.

People like eating tofu because it is a _______ food. Tofu is _______ in soy protein (大豆蛋白), vitamins and minerals (矿物质)—all of which are _______ for good health. According to a recent study by nutrition experts at the University of Illinois, US, if you eat soy protein often, it can help lower cholesterol (胆固醇) levels by as much as 30 percent.

Tofu was _______ over 2,000 years ago by the Chinese, but the true story behind its creation is _______. Legend (传说) has it that tofu was discovered _______ when a Chinese cook added nigari (盐卤) to a pot of soybean milk. It caused the milk to curdle (凝固) and the _______ was tofu.

Tofu is not only popular in China, also in Western countries. Tofu _______ Western attention in the 1960s because Western people thought tofu could be the healthy food they were ________. Westerners sometimes call it "the cheese of Asia", because a block of tofu can look like a block of cheese.

A picture is worth a thousand words, but it can’t always tell ___whole story. The sailor in the famous photo V-J Day in Times Square, George Mendonsa, died last month at age 95.                                                                                        

___Aug 14, 1945, when World War II ended, American photojournalist Alfred took his camera to the____of New York. In Times Square, people were celebrating the victory everywhere.

“I saw a sailor____along the street grabbing（抓住）any and every girl in sight. Whether she was a grandmother, strong, thin, old, didn’t make a difference,” Alfred said.

He then took the photo, which later became one of the most____photos in history. But Alfred forgot to ask for the pair’s_____!

Since then, many people have said to be the people in the photo. One book, The Kissing Sailor, writes every thing about the ____.The authors also____people in the background of the photo. They said that Greta Zimmer Friedman, a dentist’s assistant, was the woman pictured.

Friedman,____died in 2016, said she didn’t mind the kiss, ___ it was quite sudden. “It was just somebody really celebrating… it wasn’t a romantic event. It was just…‘thank God the war is over.’”

In the 1880s, gold was discovered in Alaska, the USA. Many people came to the area hoping to get_______. New towns were built and grew quickly. One such town called Iditarod grew so quickly during 1909 that it became the largest city in Alaska. In the summer months, basic supplies (日用品) could be taken to those towns by_______. but in the winter the rivers and the ocean frozen and there was no way to get to them. So, in 1910, a winter track (小道) was built which would be used by teams of dogs pulling sleds (雪橇).

The track became known as the Iditarod Trail. It took a team of dogs about three weeks to travel_______Alaska. They stopped at "roadhouses" where the drivers could get a_______bed for the night and something to eat for both themselves and their dogs. The trail was used every_______until the 1920s when planes replaced boats and dog teams.

However, in 1925, a disease called diphtheria_______the city of Nome. The disease could be cured, but, sadly, the nearest medicine that could be found was in Anchorage, right on the other side of Alaska. Planes were still quite new, so no one knew if they could fly in such cold weather. So it was_______that the medicine would be carried using teams of dogs instead.

The trip was over 1,000 kilometres, most of it along the Iditarod Trail. It took twenty teams just six days to_______the journey. Leonhard travelled the first 400 of those kilometres. He had to trust his dog Togo's ability to find the way in the blinding snow. The last part of the journey was done by Gunnar. His lead dog was Balto. At one point Balto_______to go any further and saved the team from falling into icy water. The disease was stopped and Balto became a hero.

Nowadays a dog sled race is held every year from Anchorage to Nome,________the route of that famous journey in 1925. It is called the Iditarod and has become known as "The Last Great Race on Earth".

9 . The word “plastic” comes from the Greek word “Platicos” and is used to describe something that can be easily shaped.

The history of plastics is longer than you might___________ . In fact the first man-made plastic ever to appear on the market was made over a hundred years ago. It was called “celluloid（赛璐璐）”. It was discovered by ___________an English man and an American in the same year.___________ it was the Americans who first produced it on a large scale（规模）during the year 1860. Everybody was ___________by this new material which could be moulded（用模子做）into shapes and was so cheap to buy.

Poor young men working in cities with lots of smoke and dirt were ___________ to buy white celluloid collars （领子）. The collars were hard and uncomfortable but they did not have to be sent to wash. The poor young men could rub them clean every evening with soap and water! Poor mothers, who had not been able to afford toys for their children, were now able to buy them toys___________ of celluloid.

But celluloid had one very serious fault. It caught fire very easily. In fact it burned even more quickly than wood or cloth. There were many terrible accidents, particularly___________ children. For years scientists worked hard to find a better plastic material than celluloid. They had _________ success. Then in 1932 an American scientist called Baekeland produced a hard plastic material which did not burn. It became known as bakelite（酚醛塑料）. Other plastic materials like bakelite were also produced. They were used to make electrical fittings （配件）and plates and cups. Poor people liked them because they were both cheap and___________, but rich people disliked them because they were cheap, and because they could only be made ___________dark colors.

10 . _________ is a much-loved and active sport, and more than 100 million people play in over 200 countries. In China, sometimes you can see people playing basketball in parks, _________ and even in factories.

Basketball was _________ by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith, who was born in 1861. When _________ was at college, his teacher asked the class to think of a game that can be played in the winter. Dr. Naismith created a game to be played inside on a hard floor. Dr. Naismith divided the men in his class _________ two teams and taught them to play his new game. The purpose of the game _________ for players to get a ball into the “basket”. _________ on the same team must work together to help each other get the ball in the other team’s basket. At the same time, they need to stop the competing team from _________ the ball into their own basket.

It is believed that on December 21, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it _______ an event at the Olympics. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players. Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, it has also become __________ more popular sport to watch.