1 . In late June, two companies were given permits to sell chicken meat that has been grown in a lab. The companies say they will be serving the meat in restaurants this summer.
Unlike normal chicken meat, lab-grown meat isn’t created by raising and killing chickens. Instead, it’s a meat product developed from animal cells that are grow n in a lab. The process is called “cell-based” or “cultured” meat.
The process of creating lab-grown meat is completely different from the normal meat raising process. Scientists have known for a long time how to keep living cells alive and grow them in a lab. In this case, experts choose cells that can grow quickly and will have good flavour. The first cells come from live animals. Then the cells are grown inside large steel tanks, where they’re fed with everything they need to grow. In a few weeks, the cells grow into sheets of meat. The companies then form this meat into more familiar shapes that can be cooked and sold.
The companies say that their meat is better for the environment than meat from animals. Raising animals for food uses huge amounts of land and water. It also creates a lot of pollution. Raising animals for food create s about 15% of the world’s greenhouse gases. That’s why cutting back on eating meat is one of the easiest ways to fight climate change.
There are many companies these days that focus on making plant-based meat substitutes (替代物). But since lab-grown meat is made from animal cells, it is very hard to tell it apart from actual meat. It looks, smells, and tastes like chicken.
Polls (民意调查) have shown that many people aren’t too interested in lab-grown meat. Lots of people believe that “it just sounds strange”. But Russel Phillips, a biologist, suggests people give it a try. He says that once people try the meat, they will be amazed. The common response must be, “Oh, it tastes like chicken.”
But right now, the meat is far more expensive than meat from animals. Now that the companies have been approved, they have the huge challenge of figuring out how to make much more meat far more cheaply. It will probably be a long time before you’re able to buy lab-grown chicken in stores.
1. To produce lab-grown meat, the companies should________.A.study how to feed live animals. | B.decide where to store meat products. |
C.add different flavours to sheets of meat. | D.select cells suitable for producing meat. |
A.future. | B.advantage. | C.techniques. | D.process. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Worried. | C.Supportive. | D.Uninterested. |
A.quality. | B.safety. | C.price. | D.taste. |
2 . Hundreds of dead migrating (迁徙) songbirds covered the ground like a carpet on Thursday in Chicago.
Nearly 1,000 songbirds died throughout the night after crashing into the glass of the McCormick Place Lakeside Center due to a deadly combination of excellent migratory conditions, rain, and the low building’s lighting and window-lined walls, according to bird experts.
Window hits are a problem in almost every major city in the United States. Birds cannot see transparent (透明的) or reflecting glass and are unaware that it is a dangerous block. They rush for plants or bushes they see through windows or reflected in them, killing themselves in the process.
Night-migrating birds depend on the stars for direction. Building lights both attract and confuse them, resulting in window hits or birds flying around the lights until they die of exhaustion, a phenomenon known as deadly light attraction.
According to Stan Temple, a retired bird expert from University of Wisconsin-Madison, conditions were ideal for a big wave of songbird southern migration over Chicago on Wednesday evening. “You had all these birds that were just eager to set out, but they’ve been held up with this unusual September and October with temperatures way above normal,” Temple said.
To avoid irregular air movements and predators (捕食者), little songbirds graze to absorb energy during the day and travel at night. They’ve been waiting for north winds to push them south, but September’s unusually warm south winds left the birds in a holding position here, according to Temple. A wind moved south on Wednesday evening, offering a good chance, and millions of birds took to the air.
“Pre-dawn rain forced the birds to fly low, and they found McCormick Place’s lights on,” said David Willard, a manager at the Chicago Field Museum.
According to Ann a Pidgeon, a bird biologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, window hits and deadly light attraction are simply avoidable. Building managers can simply decrease their lights, and building designers can create windows with bird-friendly marks in the glass. People can also add screens, paint their windows, or put stickers on the glass.
1. Which of the following probably caused the songbirds’ death in Chicago?A.Window hits. | B.Hunger. | C.Diseases. | D.Bird hunts. |
A.Play. | B.Eat. | C.Grow. | D.Wait. |
A.The importance of protecting birds. | B.The prediction of the songbirds’ future. |
C.The further study of the songbird event. | D.The ways to avoid the disaster for birds. |
A.Human activities have affected wild life. | B.Climate change is challenging the world. |
C.Technology helps the protection of nature. | D.Animals learn to adapt to the environment. |
3 . Best friends Tommy, 17, and Daniel, 15, decided to sign up for their school’s robotics team in their freshman year, and began their journey towards changing lives for the better.
They began their work with 3D printers to create parts for their robots, but they wanted their impact to be greater. “It started off with a team idea,” Tommy said. “We were trying to figure out how we could make a difference to society as a first-year robotics team. We later thought of the idea of using 3D printers to make prostheses (假肢), like hands.”
The team worked with IMAHelps, a nonprofit organization, and received help from the Science Robotics Initiative. Shortly after, they began working with their first person in need of a prosthesis.
“We started off with making an artificial (人造的) arm for Samantha, a 12-year-old little girl in Ecuador who lost her arm in a bus accident,” Tommy explains. “We got her measurements and then made the prosthesis. IMAHelps brought it to Samantha and it fit her perfectly and worked well.”
“Samantha had a dream to write, and we wanted to help with that,” adds Daniel.
It didn’t take long for other kids to see Samantha’s prosthesis. A young man named Ernest Priester, 13, asked to have an artificial foot. Later, the team offered to make him one for free. “He started tearing up. It brought so much joy to his eyes.” Tommy says.
This July, the team traveled to Ecuador to deliver four more prostheses to those in need. “We were so happy to help,” Tommy shares.
The team also plans on continuing to give away their 3D creations. “You can do whatever you want to do when it comes to helping people and changing the world,” Tommy says. “There are no age limits.”
“By offering a little bit,” adds Daniel. “We can change a lot.”
1. To make the robotics team’s impact greater, Tommy and Daniel decided to________.A.create robot parts | B.start a robotics course |
C.make prostheses | D.invent a 3D printer |
A.They set up IMAHelps for her. | B.They made her an artificial arm. |
C.They offered her medical treatment. | D.They gave her instructions on writing. |
A.Curious. | B.Relaxed. | C.Regretful. | D.Pleased. |
A.Caring. | B.Calm. | C.Honest. | D.Brave. |
4 . A houseplant is pretty to look at and brings fresh air to your home. Besides, looking after a plant will give you something more to do and care about. Let’s look at the four best houseplants you can grow.
Australian Pine A perfect “living decoration” to add in your house, it is good to look at and has a comforting feel. It can also serve as the perfect Christmas tree. It grows around 10 feet tall indoors. Remember that it requires plenty of light and fresh air. Otherwise, it becomes weak and an easy target for mites (螨虫). | Dracaena The green and yellow pattern on its leaves looks great. It can grow to be around 10 feet tall. Just make sure you keep the soil surface dry between your watering periods because it gets influenced by too much water. Also, having this plant around a dog can be dangerous. It can be poisonous to dogs if they eat it. |
Grape Ivy If you want something off the ceiling (天花板), this houseplant is the one for you. It’s a climbing plant, and it will make for a beautiful hanging basket decoration. The plant is full of life wherever it is hung. It needs to be kept wet in all its parts for good growth. | Peperomia It is little in size, with long leaves. It adds energy to your living room and creates a comforting environment. As it’s not a very tall plant, you needn’t worry about how much space it will take up. The plant likes a dry surface of the soil. |
So what are you for? Choose the one that attracts you most, and give your home a wonderful addition.
1. Which of the following can serve as a Christmas tree?A.Australian pine. | B.Dracaena. | C.Grape ivy. | D.Peperomia. |
A.be careful with mites | B.hang it from the celling |
C.keep dogs away from it | D.leave the surface of the soil wet |
A.Its leaves are short. | B.It is small in size. |
C.It likes much water. | D.It is a climbing plant. |
A.Politics. | B.Business. | C.Travel. | D.Life. |
5 . One bus driver for the North Elementary School can now add lifesaver to her experiences after a student started choking (窒息) on her bus last month.
On Sept.29, bus driver Raquel Baker began her work just like any other drivers and was about to drop off students at the school gate when something went wrong. Video from the school bus showed 7-year-old Preston putting something in his
It was hard for the boy to
Preston hardly
Preston was blue in the face. Baker saw a parent and asked her to call 911. “All I could think of was I had to
Preston’s mum was
Until today Bake r still doesn’t know how she got the
A.bag | B.bottle | C.mouth | D.pocket |
A.danger | B.peace | C.surprise | D.silence |
A.write | B.say | C.spell | D.hear |
A.luckily | B.formally | C.quietly | D.quickly |
A.bus | B.room | C.yard | D.school |
A.slept | B.breathed | C.saw | D.listened |
A.find | B.feed | C.save | D.meet |
A.habit | B.training | C.belief | D.income |
A.nervous | B.glad | C.disappointed | D.curious |
A.eraser | B.chalk | C.key | D.coin |
A.sorry | B.sad | C.anxious | D.thankful |
A.corrected | B.changed | C.honored | D.cured |
A.future | B.impact | C.dream | D.mistake |
A.permit | B.right | C.method | D.courage |
A.or | B.so | C.but | D.for |
6 . Today, battery power per kilowatt hour costs around only ten percent of what it did a decade ago. And the expectation is that the costs will continue to fall, because battery chemistry improves and manufacturing lots of batteries on a massive scale makes the production of individual batteries cheaper.
You can be forgiven for thinking that this might only be of interest to accountants, but the possible effects of this are enormous, and will benefit all of us. First and most obviously, it has made the batteries in electric cars cheaper and longer-lasting. And brilliantly, because electric batteries are improving so dramatically, we can already see the results. Last September, 15 percent of all new vehicle registrations were pure electric vehicles. So the change is starting to happen.
Better batteries does not just mean better cars however. They can also help us decarbonise the entire national grid (输电网). Storing energy has always been a problem for the grid. Today, only a tiny amount of generated electricity is stored for later use, which leads to lots of power going to waste. But better batteries make it technologically and economically viable to store large amounts of energy from the grid.
It’s possible that in the not-too-distant future, we might have an enormous battery in the garage. It would take power from the grid (or maybe even solar panels on the roof), and power appliances and lights in our homes at the times when demand for electricity is high. Home batteries are not yet as established as electric cars, but-they are also growing in popularity.
So, given that how much technology has improved batteries over the last decade, I can’t help but be strangely optimistic about the future. Batteries may not be as flashy (华丽的) as phones, rockets or other new technologies. But when it comes to technology to fight climate change, they’re definitely leading the charge.
1. What contributes to the popularity of electric cars?A.The increasing vehicle registrations. |
B.The production of individual batteries. |
C.Accountants’ interest in cheaper batteries. |
D.The longer duration and less cost of batteries. |
A.Sustainable. | B.Adaptable. |
C.Workable. | D.Exceptional. |
A.They will become durable. |
B.They will sell better than phones. |
C.They will help make the world greener. |
D.They will replace chargers on a long trip. |
A.Home Batteries Will Catch On |
B.Batteries Are Getting Better and Better |
C.Petrol-powered Cars Will Be Replaced |
D.Battery Technology Needs Improving Urgently |
7 . The beautiful island country of Madagascar has a serious school shortage. About a third of Malagasy children have no access to education because the schools are too far away or severely overcrowded. Thinking Hus, a non-profit dedicated to increasing global access to education, plans to tackle the issue with a series of 3D-printed schools, the first of which was completed in April 2022.
The 765-square-feet structure, named Bougainvillea, will house 30 students. The construction a began with the printer pouring a cement-like (水泥状) mixture in a pattern to create the walls. The entire process took just 18 hours! The roof, doors and windows were locally sourced, and the walls were made of a cement mixture that can resist big environmental pressures in the area. Bougainvillea was 3D printed by 14 Trees, a company with experience printing buildings throughout Kenya and Malawi.
Maggie Grouts, the 22-year-old founder of Thinking Huts, is a senior at the University of Colorado and was just 15 when she started Thinking Huts. Adopted from a rural village in China when she was 18 months old, Grout realized that not all kids were as fortunate as her and wanted to help. The idea for the 3D-printed schools came to her after brainstorming(集思广益) with her father on ways to use the technology for the greater good.
The 3D printing approach shrinks the construction turnaround time from months to days, as well as the cost. This allows more schools to be built in less time and reduces the building’s carbon footprints. And these savings in time, cost and materials meet a real need for education infrastructure (基础设施) to help bridge the global opportunity gap.
“Thinking Huts hopes to have a Thinking Hut in every community where children do not have a place for education and is fundraising to develop this goal. By using 3D printing, we are combining the potential of technology with architectural solutions that tackle real problems the world faces within education,” says Grouts.
1. What are 3D-printed schools intended for?A.Reducing construction wastes. |
B.Providing high-quality education for local students. |
C.Helping deal with a shortage of schools. |
D.Drawing public attention to 3D-printing technology. |
A.It has a complex architectural structure. |
B.It features strong resistance to bad weather. |
C.It is built with the help of the local government. |
D.It can hold more students than traditional schools. |
A.She is truly creative and warmhearted. |
B.She had no access to school as a child |
C.She is devoted to designing 3D-printed products, |
D.She raised money for kids from rural areas in China. |
A.The advantages of 3D-printed schools. |
B.The wide popular tyof3D-prining technology. |
C.The significance of narrowing the global opportunity gap. |
D.The impact of 3D-printed buildings on the environment. |
8 . Ever been hungry enough to eat a house? Now, you actually could.
Food waste is a big problem in Japan and globally. Japan produced around 5.7 million tons of food waste in 2019. The government plans to reduce that by around 2.7 million tons by 2030. Tokyo University researchers Kota Machida and Yuya Sakai have developed a way to transform food waste into cement(水泥) for construction use and more. This is the first-ever process created for making cement entirely from food waste. The researchers say their product is four times as strong as traditional concrete. This particular cement can be used to make things like tea cups or chairs as well. However, there’s one additional feature — it’s also edible(可食的).
Kota and Yuya are the intelligence behind the formation of Fabula Inc., a company with purposes of reducing food waste, and helping fight global warming.
As expected, something this unique took years to develop. It took a few attempts to find just the right process. Kota and Yuya created the unique technology while researching possible environmentally-friendly materials to replace cement-based concrete. Cement production accounts for 8% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions.
After a few failures, they realized they could get the cement to bind(黏合) by adjusting the temperatures. “The most challenging part was that each type of food waste requires different temperatures,” Yuya said. So the researchers had to observe them and respond in time. In the experiments, Kota and Yuya have successfully made cement using tea leaves, coffee grounds, cabbage and even lunchbox leftovers.
Fabula Inc. is currently working to make tea cups and furniture, but Yuya is thinking a little bit bigger. Their product could provide relief in the form of edible emergency shelters in disaster ones. “For example, if food cannot be delivered to the people, they could eat makeshift beds made out of food cement,” he said. To eat the material, a person needs to break it apart and boil it.
1. Which is one of Kota and Yuya’s purposes in making use of food waste?A.To handle climate change. | B.To offer Fabula Inc. more cement. |
C.To warn how serious food waste is. | D.To extend concrete’s service life. |
A.Its damage to the environment. | B.Its cost of recycling the cement. |
C.Its difficulties they would face. | D.Its popularity among the public. |
A.Making sure to make cement tasty. | B.Selecting correct food waste timely. |
C.Getting cement broken apart easily. | D.Regulating the temperatures constantly. |
A.Bendable. | B.Strong. | C.Temporary. | D.Commercial. |
9 . Climate activist Henry Emson told Euronews that when he became a father seven years ago, he was worried about his family’s effect on the environment. After doing some research, he found the best way to eliminate their carbon footprint was by planting giant sequoia trees(巨型红杉树).
Giant sequoias are ideal for capturing carbon dioxide because they continue to grow consistently for centuries, storing CO2 over time. General Sherman, the world’s largest sequoia tree, has stored an estimated 1,500 tons of CO2 in its trunk over the last 2,200 years and could live another 800 years. The average human could generate close to 1,000 tons of CO2 over their lifetime, so planting one giant sequoia could effectively reduce the carbon footprint of more than one person.
After realizing the power giant sequoias have to fight climate change, Emson devoted his life to planting thousands in the UK by creating the One Life One Tree project. Its final goal is to plant 100,000 giant sequoias in the UK by 2030, and according to The Mirror, as of March 2022, it has already planted 700. Trees are currently being planted near Abergavenny in Wales and the project is expanding to Devon, the Lake District and Scotland.
While the common assumption is that these giant trees can only be grown in Northern California, they actually do well in the UK at a time when the sequoia population is threatened back home.
According to One Tree One Life, 95% of the old-growth sequoia population has been logged over the past two centuries and what remains is under threat from climate change. “A 10 year+ drought and temperature increase have greatly damaged the health of the trees. A secondary impact of the drought is making them increasingly susceptible(易受影响的)to insect attack and fire,” the site says.
Considering the danger that climate change is causing giant sequoias in California, Emson’s work also benefits these trees. “They’re like climate refugees(难民)—we help them with assisted migration,” he told Euronews.
1. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in the first paragraph probably mean?A.Measure. | B.Remove. | C.Overlook. | D.Spread. |
A.By giving an example. | B.By doing an experiment. |
C.By making comparisons. | D.By referring to comments. |
A.To protect the environment by planting trees. |
B.To test the adaptability of giant sequoia trees. |
C.To save different kinds of endangered trees. |
D.To prove the value of giant sequoias to his kids. |
A.It disturbs the whole ecosystem of California. |
B.It indirectly turns giant sequoias into refugees. |
C.It helps promote the survival of giant sequoias. |
D.It assists California in recovering from drought. |
10 . I’d been staying at home all week suffering from a severe case of flu. Early one morning, suddenly, a loud
Coughing, I poked (伸出) my head out and
A few hours later, another knock. There at the door were the same two ladies, back again. Extremely
Being new to the area, I didn’t know many people who could help, so I was all the more
These two ladies
A.scream | B.explosion | C.alarm | D.knock |
A.brochures | B.plates | C.packages | D.letters |
A.exact | B.very, | C.only | D.last |
A.panic | B.hesitation | C.confusion | D.curiosity |
A.persuades | B.promised | C.informed | D.reminded |
A.appreciation | B.impatience | C.strength | D.regret |
A.stayed | B.watched | C.left | D.hid |
A.determined | B.amused. | C.committed | D.annoyed |
A.anxious | B.depressed | C.frightened | D.pleasant |
A.scared | B.disturbed | C.injured | D.visited |
A.Fortunately | B.Apparently | C.Hopefully | D.Certainly |
A.watchful | B.motivated | C.grateful | D.nervous |
A.transformed | B.maintained | C.recognized | D.convinced |
A.expect | B.deserve | C.accept | D.influence |
A.forgiveness | B.tolerance | C.understanding | D.kindness |