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1 . Was your school noisy or peaceful? It might not seem important, but a growing body of research suggests that sounds can have an impact on learning, performance and creativity.

Whether background sounds are beneficial or not seems to depend on what kind of noise it is—and the volume. In a series of studies published last year, Ravi Mehta from the College of Business at Illinois and his colleagues tested people's creativity while exposed to a soundtrack made up of background noises—such as coffee-shop chatter and construction-site drilling—at different volumes. They found that people were more creative when the background noises were played at a medium level than when volume was low. Loud background noise, however, damaged their creativity.

This makes sense for a couple of reasons, says psychologist Dr Nick Perham, at Cardiff Metropolitan University in the UK, who studies the effect of sounds on learning but was not involved in the study. Firstly, he says, sounds that are most disturbing tend to be very variable. A general hum(嗡嗡声)in the background suggests a steady-state sound with not much variation. "So there's not much there to capture your attention- nothing disturbing the subjects," he says. At the same time, the background noise might cause the subjects to be in a slightly heightened state of arousal(觉醒), says Perham. "Medium arousal is best for good performance. So it might be that a general hum in the background gives an ideal level of arousal. " With that in mind, Perham suggests there may be some benefits to playing music or other sounds in an art class or other situations where creativity is key.

Many teachers all over the world already play music to students in class. Many are inspired by the belief that hearing music can improve IQ in tasks, the so-called Mozart effect. While the evidence actually suggests it's a stretch to say classical music improves brainpower, researchers do think pleasant sounds before a task can sometimes lift your mood and help you perform well, says Perham, who has done his own studies on the phenomenon. The key appears to be that you enjoy what you're hearing. "If you like the music or you like the sound—even listening to a Stephen King novel -then you did better. It didn't matter about the music," he says.

1. Which of the following is true according to the studies by Ravi Mehta and Nick Perham?
A.It's better not to expose people to any background noise while at work.
B.Construction-site drilling should be forbidden where there is a school.
C.Noises will harm people's health however low their volumes are.
D.A certain level of noise may do good to people's creativity.
2. According to Dr Nick Perham, it can be inferred that in an art class, teachers had better________.
A.keep the classroom quiet
B.play music at a steady and medium volume
C.broadcast classical music
D.vary the volume of the music constantly
3. In the last paragraph, the underlined part "it's a stretch" is used to________.
A.prove the usefulness of pleasing sounds
B.confirm the belief of Mozart effect
C.challenge the importance of soft music
D.cast doubt on the power of music in raising IQ
4. Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?
A.Learning Power: Noise and Music Work
B.Noise Meeting Music: A Blessing?
C.Noise or Music: Creativity in Danger
D.Brainpower: More Music and Less Noise
2021-05-17更新 | 184次组卷 | 2卷引用:上海市高一年级-科普知识类阅读理解名校好题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约420词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校

2 . Even as a child, the best-known North American woman painter, Frida Kahlo exhibited an independent, rebellious spirit and lack of restraint that often got her into trouble.

At the age of six, however, Frida's life changed dramatically. She got polio and confined to her bed for nine months. The disease left Frida's right leg shorter and thinner than her left, and when she had recovered enough to return to school, she walked with a limp. She was often teased by her playmates, and although that was emotionally painful for her, she compensated by being outgoing and gained a reputation as a "character".

A turning point occurred in Frida's life in September, when she was involved in a near-fatal accident. The bus in which she was riding home after school crashed into a trolley car. The impact caused a metal rail to break loose, piercing Frida's entire body with the steel rod. The red Cross doctors who arrived and examined the victims separated the injured from the dying, giving the injured first priority. They took one look at Frida and put her with the hopeless cases.

The doctor eventually treated Frida, and miraculously she survived. She suffered a broken spine and two broken ribs. Her right leg was broken in 11 places, and her right foot was smashed. Her left shoulder was dislocated. From that point on, Frida Kahlo would never live a day without pain.

Although Frida recovered enough to lead a fairly normal life, the accident had severe psychological and physical consequences. she had to abandon her plan to become a doctor. Her slowly healing body kept her in bed for months, and it was during this time that Frida began to paint. Some artists look to nature or society for their inspiration, but Frida Kahlo looked inward. After her accident, Frida described her pain in haunting, dreamlike self-portraits. Most of her 200 paintings explore her vision of herself. The Broken Column(1944), a small deer with Frida's head and a body pierced with arrows runs through the woods.

When she was in her forties, her health seriously declined, but Frida always kept her lively spirit. By then she was internationally known. When a Mexican gallery wanted to have a major exhibition of her work, she arranged to have her elaborately decorated, four-poster bed carried into the gallery so that she could receive people.

1. Polio left Kahlo with a limp, and as a result she became________.
A.shy and withdrawnB.polite and graceful
C.friendly and unconventionalD.weak and silent
2. Kahlo began to paint________.
A.when she was still a child
B.after she suffered from polio
C.after a serious traffic accident happened
D.while she was already in her forties.
3. Which of the following doesn't describe Kahlo's artwork?
A.She painted many beautiful landscapes.
B.She painted pictures showing pain and suffering
C.She often used herself as a subject for her work
D.Her painting only reflected her inner world.
4. At the time of her death, Kahlo was________.
A.still an unknown artistB.sorry she had taken up art
C.not accepted as an accomplished artistD.a famous North American woman artist
2021-05-10更新 | 121次组卷 | 2卷引用:上海市高一年级-故事类阅读理解名校好题

3 . Maeve Higgins once set herself a task. The Irish-born comedian wanted to see what life would be like if she stopped laughing at things that weren’t funny. Turns out it wasn’t as easy as she thought. “It was so hard,” she says. “ Laughter is a lubricant (润滑油) and is expected, and it’s really hard not to do it.”

Higgins suggests there’s something particularly special about being part of the shared experience that is live comedy — that curious magic that occurs when people come together specifically to laugh.

Comedy is more than just a pleasant way to pass an evening, humour more than something to amuse. They’re interwoven into our everyday existence. Whether you’re sharing an amusing story at a party or telling a dark joke at a funeral, humour is everywhere. But what is it for? And can humour, as comedy, change how we feel, what we think or even what we do?

As an essential part of human interaction, humour has been on the minds of thinkers for centuries. One of the most enduring theories of humour was put forward by the philosopher Thomas Hobbes. It asserts that humour appears to make fun of the weak and exert superiority. While this is clearly the function of some comedy, it’s far from a complete explanation for the overall purpose of humour.

For some comedians, it’s not just about getting laughs — it’s about changing what we think and maybe even what we do. If there’s one comic who is really typical of this, it’s Josie Long. A social justice activist and a comedian, Long has a reputation for delightful, optimistic humour and storytelling.

As her career has evolved, she has consciously put social and political topics at the heart of her act. She believes that comedians have a role to play in challenging some of the most pressing issues of the day.

British comic Stephen K Amos sells out venues seating thousands, year in, year out. Amos firmly believes that when comics consciously deal with pressing or controversial (有争议的)social issues like racism, they can reach people on a much more meaningful level than that achieved by briefly lifting someone’s mood. And while it may be difficult to quantify, he says, the social and psychological impact of comedy deserves much greater recognition.

The research backs this up. Although the role of comedy is to be entertaining first and foremost, Sharon Lockyer, a sociologist who studies humour, has identified a number of possible other functions. These include challenging stereotypes (刻板印象).

Amos’s work frequently settles the issues of race by challenging stereotypes.”I don’t do things for shock value,” he says. “ I do stuff that matters to me. In the old days it was just about doing jokes. We’ve moved on — people are talking about things that matter. ”

1. What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about?
A.The benefits of laughing.
B.What a comedian’s daily work is about.
C.Why Maeve Higgins chose to be a comedian.
D.Maeve Higgins’ understanding of the appeal of comedy.
2. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A.Protect the weak from the evil.
B.Encourage people to be stronger.
C.Be determined to improve oneself.
D.Show you are better than other people.
3. According to the article, how does comedy have an effect on social issues?
A.By gradually influencing people’s attitudes.
B.By urging politicians to try and solve the issues.
C.By quickly yet thoroughly changing people’s thinking.
D.By calling on the whole society to pay attention to the issues.
4. According to the article, comedy includes the following roles except ________ .
A.getting people to laugh
B.promoting social progress
C.influencing people’s ideas
D.making people more productive
阅读理解-阅读单选(约420词) | 适中(0.65) |
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4 . No visit to the beautiful city of Paris, France is complete without a visit to the Notre Dame de Paris. The cathedral, built from 1163 to 1345, is one of the world's best examples of ancient architecture. It lies in the center of Paris, along the Seine River. French writer Victor Hugo used it as the setting of his famous story The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. Unfortunately, on April 15, 2019. the old cathedral was covered in a big flame.

The initial fire alert sounded at 6:20 pm local time. Church officials quickly evacuated the tourists inside. As it turned out, they made the right decision when the second alarm went off twenty-three minutes later at 6:43 pm, the flames were visible. Thousands of passers-by watched in horror as the fire began destroying Notre Dame's rooftop. It took hundreds of firefighters, who worked through the night, over 12 hours to put out the fire. By the time the fire was fully contained in the early hours of Tuesday, April 16. 2019, most of the cathedral's ceiling, as well as its wooden spire — which had proudly stood 93 meters above the root for centuries — had collapsed.

Fortunately, thanks to quick action by Paris firefighters, the cathedral's most sacred relic — the Crown of Thorns — was safely transported after the fire broke out. Church officials and firefighters formed a human chain to remove other priceless treasures, such as artworks and furnishings, and load them onto waiting police cars. The cathedral's famous 18th-century organ, which boasts more than 8.000 pipes, also survived the disaster.

The tire is believed to be caused by the cathedral's ongoing repair work. Meanwhile donations to help restore the structure are pouring in worldwide at an unprecedented rate, reaching almost$ 1 billion within just two days after the fire. French President Emmanuel Macron described the fire as a “terrible tragedy”, but added, “the worst had been avoided”. Macron has promised that the French people will “rebuild the cathedral together”. “Notre Dame is ours, it's our literature, and it's our imagery. We will rebuild it. This is probably part of the French destiny, and we will finish it in the next five years.” Macron said, “Paris without Notre Dame? Madness.” While Macron is optimistic that the cathedral will be ready to welcome visitors by the Paris 2024. Summer Olympics, experts believe it will take a lot longer to restore the old structure.

1. What can we know about the Notre Dame de Paris?
A.Nothing remained after the big fire.
B.The famous writer Hugo wrote his famous story in it.
C.It is located in central Paris, with over 600 year's history.
D.It houses more treasures than the other Cathedrals in Europe.
2. What can we infer when the first fire alert sounded?
A.No flames could be seen.B.Tourists panicked at once.
C.Church officials didn't respect.D.Visitors ignored the alert.
3. Which of the following part did not survive the fire?
A.The pipe organB.Treasures in the cathedral
C.The Crown of ThornsD.The wooden top of the cathedral
4. Which of the following is true according to the last paragraph?
A.The police are actively investigating the cause of the fire.
B.Tourists are sure to visit the cathedral again in five year’s time.
C.Experts think to restore Notre Dame may take longer than expected.
D.The French government will have to bear the total expense of the restoration.
2021-04-19更新 | 392次组卷 | 3卷引用:上海市高三年级-无分类阅读理解名校好题
智能选题,一键自动生成优质试卷~

5 . Two hours from the tall buildings of Philadelphia live some of the world’s largest bears. They are in northern Pennsylvania’s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance (丰富) of other wildlife.

The streams, lakes, grasslands, mountain and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats are endangered by highway construction. To protect the Pocono’s natural beauty from irresponsible development, the Nature Conservancy named the area one of America’s “Last Great Places”.

Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Bud Cook, the president of the Conservancy, is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By forming partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.

Altemose’s family has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago, Francis worked with the local branch of the Nature Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his family’s land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.

Cook attributes the Conservancy’s success in the Poconos to having a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents.

“The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,” Cook said. “The people who live here respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. They are eager to help with conservation efforts.”

For more information on how you can help the Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the world’s other “Last Great Places,” please call 1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the World Wide Web at www.tnc.org.

1. The purpose in naming the Poconos as one of America’s “Last Great Places” is to ________.
A.gain support from the local community.
B.protect it from irresponsible development.
C.make it a better home for black bears.
D.provide financial security for future generations.
2. We learn from the passage that ________.
A.the tourist industry is growing fast and has great influence on the Pocono area.
B.wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidly.
C.the security of the Pocono residents is being threatened.
D.farmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast.
3. What does Bud Cook mean by “having a local presence” in Paragraph 5?
A.Financial contributions from local business leaders.
B.Consideration of the interests of the local residents.
C.The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the area.
D.The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area.
4. What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook?
A.The setting up of an environmental protection website.
B.Support from organizations like the Nature Conservancy.
C.Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders.
D.Inclusion of farmlands in the region’s protection program.
2021-04-08更新 | 178次组卷 | 4卷引用:上海市高二年级-无分类阅读理解名校好题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 较难(0.4) |
名校

6 . Immersive Van Gogh

From the creators of the blockbuster show in Paris seen by over two million visitors and still wowing crowds in Toronto, the west coast premiere (首场) of the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit will bring the art of Vincent to life in Los Angeles.

Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art.

True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic (偶像的) paintings of Vincent van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist’s most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.

You will experience art like never before—lose yourself in entrancing, moving images that highlight brushstrokes, detail, and color—truly illuminating (照亮) the mind of the genius.

LOCATION

The Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit is located at a secret place situated in the heart of Los Angeles. To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public.

TICKET PRICES

VIP TICKETS—$99.99
●Priority access
●Van Gogh cushion (a gift for you)
●Limited edition poster
PREMIUM TICKETS—$59.99
●Van Gogh cushion (rental)
●Limited edition poster
BASIC TICKETS—$54.99
●Admission only
CHILD TICKETS—$29.99
●Ages 6—16 (children 5 and under do not require a ticket)
●Admission only
●Child tickets are not subject to change of date fees

Tickets are available online at www.vangoghla.com.

GIFT SHOP

Stop by our Exhibit Gift Shop to take the magic of Van Gogh home with you! From clothing and jewelry to home décor, children’s books, and so much more, you will find unique and thoughtful souvenirs at the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit. Also be sure to check out at our online store!

Experience the organic landscapes of Van Gogh’s imagination, and journey through his brilliance and madness in a completely new and unforgettable way.

1. According to the passage, the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit ________.
A.presents Van Gogh’s art in a modern way
B.begins a journey to Van Gogh’s hometown
C.displays Van Gogh’s paintings on moving walls
D.designs projects on Van Gogh’s learning experience
2. From where can people find information about the exact location of the exhibit?
A.An email.B.A website.
C.The ticket office.D.The gift shop.
3. How much should a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion at least pay for the visit?
A.$109.98.B.$154.98.
C.$159.98.D.$199.98.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中(0.65) |
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7 . Taronga Zoo Sydney


With international borders closed, you might think that an exciting and exotic journey into the wild unknown might be impossible this summer, but at Taronga — we’ve got you covered.
Embrace your longing for adventure and exploration by journeying to four different areas of our beautiful planet as you follow a series of carefully selected travel plans across Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia, and learn about the incredibly rich and diverse wildlife unique to these regions.
20% off Zoo tickets for Lunar New Year
Enjoy a celebration of the wild kind this Lunar New Year at the Zoo!
Enjoy discounted tickets to bring in a year of luck and prosperity for the whole family!
Terms and conditions
-Discount applies to full-priced value of individual Adult and Child.
-Discount is available only when promotional code LUNARZOO is entered when purchasing tickets online via taronga.org.au and is not to be used is conjunction with any other offer.
-Valid for visits Taronga Zoo Sydney only between Friday 12 February 2021 and Sunday 28 February 2021.
One day entry
TICKET TYPEONLINE PRICE
Adult$50.00
Child (4-15 years)$30.00
Infant ( under 4 years)FREE

Safety measures
If you have cold or flu symptoms, we ask that you please stay home and do not visit.
Following the most recent advice from NSW Health. Taronga has implemented the following additional measures to ensure our Zoos remain a low-risk environment for you and your family to enjoy.
-Wearing face masks: From Friday 29 January 2021, it is highly recommended but no longer required for guests to wear face masks in any outdoor areas.
-Pre-book your visit: All rickets and member visits must be pre-booked online.
-Bring your essentials upon arrival: Your e-ticket, face-mask, contactless payment method, sunscreen, water bottle.
-Maintain social distancing: Staff and guests are required to maintain 1.5m physical distancing at all times where possible.
-Guests are not permitted to visit Taronga’s Zoos in Sydney or stay overnight if it violates state or federal travel restrictions, border closures and public health orders relating to COVID-19. Please do not enter Taronga Zoo Sydney during self-isolation.

1. In Taronga Zoo Sydney this Lunar New Year, people can________.
A.experience culture related to animals
B.enjoy a party held by the zookeepers
C.watch various animals introduced from four regions
D.embrace all the animals along your adventure and exploration
2. Mow much will the Simpsons pay for their visit to Taronga on 22 February? Their information is shown below.
NAMEHomerMargeBartLisaMaggie
AGE40381082

A.$190B.$160C.$152D.$128
3. According to the safety measures,________is acceptable during the visit to Taronga.
A.booking all the tickets at the gate
B.visiting the zoo after self-isolation
C.pulling off face masks in indoor areas
D.staying overnight with a high fever
2021-04-04更新 | 55次组卷 | 2卷引用:上海市高二年级-广告布告类阅读理解名校好题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约390词) | 适中(0.65) |
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8 . Things you need to know about your STRESS right now

After 60 years of research, scientists have determined what provokes stress. There's even a handy acronym: NUTS.

N is for Novelty: This is something new you've not experienced before, like the first day of school or a new job.

U is for Unpredictability: When you don't know how something is going to take shape, as is the case during a trip to the dentist.

T is for Threat to the Ego: When your competence is threatened, such as in front of colleagues. We're very sensitive to this.

S is for Sense of Control: When you feel you have little or no control over the situation, like being stuck in traffic.

It's helpful to identify your sources of stress, because a problem well-defined is a problem almost solved. The opposite of stress is not relaxation---it's resilience. If you tell your brain that you can deal with this, it will stop producing the stress hormone and you will calm down

Get on your bike!

As various bits of research have shown, cycling will lower your stress levels, whether you're doing a quick errand or committing to a lifetime on two wheels.

15 MINUTES LATER

A 2013 study out of Japan showed a marked drop in people's stress levels after they pedalled for just 15 minutes on a stationary bike.

AN HOUR LATER

Researchers found in 2015 that, compared to their cycling colleagues, those who drove or took the subway breathed more shallowly an hour later---a sure sign of stress.

18 YEARS LATER

After following 17,985 adult commuters for 18 years, U.K. researchers discovered in 2014 that those who walked or biked reported being happier, more confident and better able to face their problems.

①____________

In a 2015 study, researchers subjected 66 teen girls to a stress test. Some of them held their mothers' hands during the test; others had to go it alone. The girls who had contact with their moms were able to manage stress more effectively. It's what psychologists refer to as emotional load sharing.

②____________

In a 2007 UCLA study, some patients hospitalized for heart failure spent 12 minutes with a therapy dog, while another group interacted with a volunteer. The dog crowd experienced greater decreases in their anxiety level compared to those   patients whose visitors could actually talk back.

1. __________---may suffer the most stress relatively.
A.Luna, 19--she has well prepared for her first internship with the help of her mother.
B.Tom, 29-his first day of work starts at 9: 00 am, but he's in a traffic jam at 8: 50 am.
C.Karol, 39-she finally had her decayed tooth pulled out last Thursday at the dentist's.
D.Jenny, 49-her colleagues are planning to give her a farewell party and she's in the dark.
2. Which chart can best illustrate the effect of cycling ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
3. Which of the following may best suit the numbered blanks?
A.①Raise your hand!     ②Find a volunteer companion!
B.①Raise your hand!     ②Get a furry companion!
C.① Hug your family!   ② Get furry companion!
D.①Hug your family!     ②Find a volunteer companion!
2021-03-24更新 | 85次组卷 | 2卷引用:上海市高二年级-科普知识类阅读理解名校好题

9 . Welcome to Fresh Start February! This week Mayor Muriel Bowser announced that I would transition to the private sector. Today, my last official day as the Director of the Mayor's Office of Community Affairs. After serving 6 years in the Executive Office of Mayor Muriel Bowser and 2 of those years as Director, of the Mayor's Office of Community Affairs, I am very excited and look forward to starting this next phase in my career.

I am humbled and grateful to Mayor Bowser for trusting in me to be a leader in her administration and to serve as the primary liaison between you-the members of the community, and 13 community affairs offices to foster relationships across all 8 Wards. What can I say, other than it has been an amazing journey and I am grateful!

This journey has been the very foundation of our work in partnership and collaboration between District of Columbia residents and the Executive Office of the Mayor. We have established partnerships with communities, conducted and coordinated several events, town halls, forums, and projects in support of carrying forward mayoral initiatives at the community level.

We have built stronger ties between the Mayor and community organizations civic groups, and Advisory Neighborhood Commissions (ANCs) while attending to the intersectional needs of the community.

Also, thank you to the 90+ MOCA staff members that have helped me up to provide support to our office directors and District residents throughout the years. Interacting with you all and having the opportunity to work with such dedicared individuals is something I have and will never take for granted. I have often been inspired by the creativity and innovation that they bring to the respective offices. Our work has left a lasting impression on my life.

Again, thank you to our first female two-term Mayor, Muriel Bowser for her leadership and for allowing me to be a part of this great work! I want to thank you for your support throughout this journey, and I am excited about the great work that will continue to go forward. I leave with fond memories of my 8 years total in the John A. Wilson Building.

2 years in the office or Councilmember Anita Bonds and with memories that I will forever cherish. I also know that MOCA is well-positioned to go to the NEXT LEVEL! It has been one of my greatest privileges to serve with you. Until we meet again.

1. А_______________ is a person whose job is to make sure there is a good relationship between two groups or organizations.
A.mayorB.residentC.directorD.liaison
2. How many years altogether has the author worked in MOCA?
A.2B.6.C.8.D.10.
3. Who is the author of the speech most likely to address?
A.Muriel Bowser.B.The private sector.
C.Local residents.D.MOCA staff members.
2021-03-05更新 | 308次组卷 | 4卷引用:二轮拔高卷06-【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷(上海专用)

10 . At the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous. It has yet to reach its full size and strength, and its owner his or her full intelligence; but at this age the likelihood of death is least. Earlier, we were infants and young children, and consequently more vulnerable (易受伤害的), later, we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigor and resistance which, though unnoticeable at first, will finally become so steep that we can live no longer, however well we look after ourselves, and however well society, and our doctors, look after us.

This decline in vigor with the passing of time is called ageing. It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way, that if we escape wars, accidents and disease we shall eventually “die of old age”, and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty. Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer—on into a ninth or tenth decade. But the chances are against it, and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, however lucky and robust we are.

Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are reminded of it. We are so familiar with the fact that ma ages, that people have for years assumed that the process of losing vigor with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get, was something self-evident, like the cooling of a hot kettle or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes. They have also assumed that all animals, and probably other organisms such as trees, or even the universe itself, must in the nature of things “wear out”.

Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do, if given the chance to live long enough; and mechanical systems like a wound watch, or the sun, do in fact run out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics (whether the whole universe does so is a moot point at present). But these are not analogous (类似的)to what happens when man ages. A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound. An old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending. But a watch could never repair itself —it does not consist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction. We could, at one time, repair ourselves—well enough, at least, to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses and accidents. Between twelve and eighty years we gradually lose this power, an illness which at twelve would knock us over, at eighty can knock us out, and into our grave. If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve, it would take about 700 years for half of us to die, and another 700 for the survivors to be reduced by half again.

1. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A.Our first twelve years represent the peak of human development.
B.People usually are unhappy when reminded of ageing.
C.Normally only a few of us can live to the eighties and nineties.
D.People are usually less likely to die at twelve years old.
2. The word “it” in the last sentence of Paragraph Two refers to           .
A.remaining alive until 65B.remaining alive after 80
C.dying before 65 or after 80D.dying between 65 and 80
3. What is ageing?
A.It is usually a phenomenon of dying at an old age.
B.It is a fact that people cannot live any longer.
C.It is a gradual loss of vigor and resistance.
D.It is a phase when people are easily attacked by illness.
4. What do the examples of watch show?
A.Normally people are quite familiar with the ageing process.
B.All animals and other organisms undergo the ageing process.
C.The law of thermodynamics functions in the ageing process.
D.Human’s ageing process is different from that of mechanisms.
2021-03-02更新 | 542次组卷 | 5卷引用:上海市高一年级-科普知识类阅读理解名校好题
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