2 . The lander-ascender (上升器) combination of China's Chang’e 5 robotic lunar probe (探测器) has finished gathering subsurface samples and packed them in vacuum container and is continuing collecting surface samples, according to the China National Space Administration.

The administration said in a statement on Wednesday morning that the drilling and packing processes of rocks and soil from 2 meters beneath lunar surface concluded at 4:53 am. A mechanical arm is continuing gathering surface samples.

The combination landed on the moon at 11:11 pm on Tuesday, becoming the third spacecraft that has successfully touched down on the lunar surface this century. The first two aircraft that had achieved this are also from China — the Chang’e 3 and 4. The combination is tasked with collecting about 2 kilograms of samples.

China’s largest and most sophisticated lunar probe, Chang’e 5 was launched by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket early on Nov 24 at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province, undertaking the world’s first mission since 1976 to return lunar samples to Earth. The spacecraft is composed of four parts — orbiter (轨道飞行器), lander, ascender and re-entry capsule (返回舱).

Before the landing, Chang’e 5 separated into two parts — the orbiter-reentry capsule combination and the lander-ascender combination — in a lunar orbit early on Monday morning so as to prepare for the landing operation.

While the lander-ascender combination is carrying out surface operations, the orbiter-reentry capsule combination is traveling in a lunar orbit at an average altitude of around 200 km above the moon. After all surface operations are done, an engine on the ascender will lift it to meet the reentry module. It will transfer the lunar samples to the module and then separate from it.

The orbiter-reentry combination capsule will then return to the Earth’s orbit, where the pair will break up and the reentry capsule will return to a preset landing site in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region in mid-December.

If the mission is successful, it will make China the third nation to bring samples back from the moon, after the United States and the former Soviet Union.

1. What does the underlined word “sophisticated” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．Popular.

B．Advanced.

C．Necessary.

D．Difficult.

2. Which one shows the correct order of the whole operation?
a. landing on the moon.
b. separating Chang’e 5 into two parts.
c. launching Chang’e 5 lunar probe from the rocket.
d. collecting subsurface and surface samples.
e. returning to the Earth’s orbit.

A．cbade.

B．baced.

C．bcaed.

D．cbdae.

3. What can we infer from the text?

A．Chang’e 5 has finished collecting samples on the surface.

B．The reentry capsule will return with the lunar samples.

C．The orbiter-reentry capsule will be together all the time.

D．The reentry capsule will return to the launch center.

4. Where can we most probably read this text?

A．In a travel brochure.	B．In a geography textbook.
C．In a science newspaper.	D．In a personal diary.

3 . We tend to believe that older people are more positive and younger people are more sensitive to social cues (暗示).

Recently scientists investigated this idea by testing 10,000 men and women. They wanted to see if age affected a person’s ability to identify subtle facial emotions, such as fear and anger.

The researchers from McLean Hospital in the US used a Web-based platform to collect happiness data. It showed the participants two headshots (头部特写) of random people. They were then asked to identify which subject was angrier, happier, or more fearful. The research found that younger people were able to better identify angry and fearful facial cues than older people.

“From the previous studies , we know that the everyday experiences of an adolescent are different from an older person, but we wanted to understand how these experiences might be linked with differences in basic emotion understanding,” wrote Laura Germine, the study’s senior author.

But what is it that makes young people more sensitive?

“This is the exact age when young people are most sensitive to forms of negative social cues, such as bullying,” Lauren Rutter, the study’s lead author, told Science Daily. “The normal development of anger sensitivity can contribute to some of the challenges that arise during this phase of development.”

On the contrary, across the whole 10,000-person survey, researchers found no decline in the perception (感知)of happiness among older participants.

“What’s remarkable is that we see declines in many visual perceptual abilities as we get older, but here we did not see such declines in the perception of happiness,” Germine told Neuro Science News.

She added that these findings fit well with other research, showing that older adults tend to have more positive emotions and a positive outlook.

Following the paper’s release, Rutter told Neuro Science News that gathering their primary research online allowed the team to tap into a “much larger and more diverse sample set” than previous studies.

1. What is the result of the research?

A．We are often bullied while young.

B．We become less positive as we get older.

C．The younger we are, the happier we feel.

D．The younger, the more sensitive; the older, the more positive.

2. What makes young people more sensitive according to the text?

A．Their family backgrounds.	B．Their negative experiences.
C．People around them.	D．Their visual perceptual abilities.

3. How does the author support the theme of the text?

A．By giving examples.	B．By stating arguments.
C．By explaining statistical data.	D．By providing results.

4. Where is the text most probably taken from?

A．An announcement.	B．A science magazine.
C．A travel guide.	D．An official report.

4 . Self-driving cars have been backed by the hope that they will save lives by getting involved in fewer crashes with fewer injuries and deaths than human-driven cars. But so far, most comparisons between human drivers and automated vehicles have been unfair.

Crash statistics for human-driven cars are gathered from all sorts of driving situations, and on all types of roads. However, most of the data on self-driving cars' safety have been recorded often in good weather and on highways, where the most important tasks are staying in the car's own lane and not getting too close to the vehicle-ahead. Automated cars are good at those tasks, but so are humans.

It is true that self-driving cars don't get tired, angry, frustrated or drunk .But neither can they yet react to uncertain situations with the same skill or anticipation of an attentive human driver, nor do they possess the foresight to avoid potential perils. They largely drive from moment to moment, rather than think ahead to possible events literally down the road.

To a self-driving car, a bus full of people might appear quite similar to an uninhabited corn field. Indeed, deciding what action to take in an emergency is difficult for humans, but drivers have sacrificed themselves for the greater good of others. An automated system's limited understanding of the world means it will almost never evaluate ( 评估) a situation the same way a human would. And machines can't be programmed in advance to handle every imaginable set of events.

Some people may argue that the promise of simply reducing the number of injuries and deaths is enough to support driverless cars. But experience from aviation (航空) shows that as new automated systems are introduced, there is often an increase in the rate of disasters.

Therefore, comparisons between humans and automated vehicles have to be performed carefully. To fairly evaluate driverless cars on how well they fulfill their promise of improved safety, it's important to ensure the data being presented actually provide a true comparison. After all, choosing to replace humans with automation has more effects than simply a one-for-one exchange.

1. What makes the comparison between self-driving cars and human-driven cars unfair?

A．Self-driving cars never get tired.	B．Statistics are collected differently.
C．Machines can make decisions faster.	D．Self-driving cars know the world better.

2. What does the underlined word”perils” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?

A．Dangers.

B．Self-driving cars.

C．Pedestrians.

D．Human-driven cars.

3. In which aspect can self- driving cars beat human-driven cars?

A．Driving steadily.	B．Climbing steep slopes.
C．Evaluating the cost of loss.	D．Making complex decisions.

4. Where is the text most likely from?

A．A poster.

B．A novel.

C．A brochure.

D．A magazine.