1 . If you ever find yourself trapped in the wilderness without food, you'll have to figure out how to feed yourself. Many plants in the wild are edible, but many are also poisonous. So it is necessary to learn how to determine whether the plants you find can be eaten safely.
Avoid using this method without careful planning. Some plants can be deadly, and even if you follow these guidelines perfectly, there is always a chance that a plant will make you seriously ill. Prepare yourself for wilderness outings by learning about the local plants, and carry a guidebook to help you identify plants. Even if you are unprepared and cannot find food you know to be safe, remember that, depending on your activity level, the human body can go for days without food, and you’re better off being hungry than being poisoned.
Testing the plant in your mouth is dangerous, so go forward very slowly and carefully. First, hold a small portion of the prepared plant part against your lip for 3 minutes. Do not put the plant in your mouth. If you notice any burning, tingling (刺痛), or other reactions, discontinue testing. Second, place another small portion of the plant part on your tongue. Hold the plant on your tongue without chewing for 15 minutes. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Third, chew the plant and hold it in your mouth for 15 minutes. Chew the plant well, and do not swallow. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Fourth, swallow the small portion of the plant. Wait 8 hours. Do not eat or drink anything during this period except purified water. If you feel sick, immediately throw up what you eat and drink plenty of water. If activated charcoal (活性炭) is available, take that with the water.
1. What’s the meaning of the underlined world “edible” in paragraph 1?| A．Suitable for using as food. | B．Widely spread. |
| C．Existing in large quantities. | D．Not widely known. |
| A．Planning is unnecessary when using the method. |
| B．Not all plants in the wild can serve as food generally. |
| C．Suffering hunger can be more dangerous than testing plants. |
| D．Following the method perfectly can ensure safety. |
① wait and see ② chew it in the mouth③ put it on the tongue④ put it against lips ⑤ swallow it
| A．③④②①⑤ | B．④③②①⑤ | C．③④②⑤① | D．④③②⑤① |
| A．A student’s diary. |
| B．A science report. |
| C．A guide book for camping. |
| D．A doctor’ s notebook. |
2 . People are making more and more demands on the world’s natural resources. If babies born in 1991 live for eighty years, the human population of the world may be anything from twice to three times the present total by 2070. In other words, they will have to share what is left of the earth’s resources with 15 billion other people. But hopefully there will be a significant decrease in the growth of population. What if this does not happen? The answer is that by the time before the babies born in 1991 reach the age of 40 they could be sharing resources with as many as 10 billion other people.
Limiting the pollution of water and the atmosphere, controlling the output of the chemicals that may be causing the global warming and climate change, and eating less meat may go some way to help, but can anyone seriously imagine that these are going to solve the problems of the“baby class”of 1991?
There is no getting away from the fact that people are responsible for the present state of the world, and only people can solve the problems. The decisions have to be taken by people as members of national and local governments, as leaders and decision-makers in industry; as scientists and technologists; as professional engineers and designers; as religious leaders and individual citizens.
1. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?| A．Making More Demands on the Natural Resources. |
| B．Limiting the Pollution of Air and Water |
| C．Reducing the World Population |
| D．Saving the Babies of 1991 |
| A．A large number of babies will be born after 1991. |
| B．Babies born in 1991 won’t live a long life. |
| C．The children of 1991 are not given good education. |
| D．The problems caused by babies born in 1991. |
| A．a news report |
| B．a science fiction |
| C．an article by a medical worker |
| D．a government report |
| A．Officials. | B．Industrialists. |
| C．Businessmen. | D．Scientists. |
3 . There is an old saying in China that goes.”The days of the Sanjiu period are the coldest days.”The “Sanjiu period”，which is in Minor Cold(小寒)，refers to the third nine-day period the 19th to the 27th day after the day of the winter solstice(冬至) There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.
Eating hotpot
During Minor Cold people should eat some hot food to benefit the body and defend against the cold weather.Winter is the best time to have hotpot and braised mutton(炖羊肉) with soy sauce.But it is important to notice that too much spicy food may cause health problems.
Eating huangyacai
In Tianjin，there is a custom to have huangyacai，a kind of Chinese cabbage，during Minor Cold.There are large amounts of vitamins A and B in huangyacai.As huangyacai is fresh and tender.it is fit for frying，roasting and stewing.
Eating glutinous rice(糯米饭)
According to tradition，the Cantonese eat glutinous rice in the morning during Minor Cold.Cantonese add some fried preserved(腌制的)pork，sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice.
Eating vegetable rice
In ancient times，people in Nanjing took Minor Cold quite seriously，but as time went by，the celebration of Minor Cold gradually disappeared.However，the custom of eating vegetable rice is still followed today.The rice is steamed and is unspeakably delicious.Among the ingredients，aijiaohuang(a kind of green vegetable)，sausages and salted ducks are the specialties in Nanjing.
1. What do we know about Minor Cold？| A．It lasts twenty-seven days. |
| B．It marks the first day of winter. |
| C．It refers to the winter solstice. |
| D．The Sanjiu period is in Minor Cold. |
| A．Eating hotpot. |
| B．Buying cabbage. |
| C．Having huangyacai |
| D．Having vitamins and B pills. |
| A．They fry and toast it. |
| B．They eat it for dinner. |
| C．They steam it with soy sauce. |
| D．They mix it with many other things. |
| A．travel | B．culture | C．fashion | D．science |
4 . A recent study from a team of South Korean researchers suggests that eating alone often may lead to poor eating habits and poor food choices. Specifically, the study found that men who ate alone more than twice a week had a greater risk of developing high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.
For children, eating with their families is not only about preventing bad results—it is also about developing good ones.
In 2014, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) looked at data from nearly three-quarters of the world’s countries. Among its findings was the fact that students who shared a main meal with their families were less likely to skip school. Children who eat a main meal with their families are also less likely to abuse drugs and alcohol.
In the report titled “The Importance of Family Dinners”, researchers say that “teens who have frequent family dinners are more likely to say their parents know a lot about what’s going on in their lives”. They also claim that when teens say they feel closer to their parents, they are less likely to use drugs and alcohol.
Another study from the University of Montreal found that children who ate with their families experience long-term physical and mental health benefits. These children were physically in better shape and drank fewer sugary soft drinks. These children also seemed to have better social skills and they were less aggressive (好斗的).
Professor Linda Pagani says that mealtimes shared with parents “likely provide young children with first-hand social interactions, discussions of social issues and day-to-day concerns”. She adds that they may likely help the child have better communication skills with others.
1. What is the main idea of the text?| A．Advantages of eating with parents. | B．Benefits of eating alone. |
| C．Ways of developing social skills. | D．Dangers of using drugs and alcohol. |
| A．Abuse drugs and alcohol. | B．Drink more sugary soft drinks. |
| C．Get on well with their parents. | D．Be more socially active and aggressive. |
| A．To introduce a famous person. | B．To offer background information. |
| C．To explain further. | D．To show the disadvantage of eating with parents. |
| A．A popular novel. | B．A travel magazine. |
| C．A science report. | D．A biology textbook. |
5 . Many dentists are worried about their patients consuming too many sugar-filled sodas, sweet drinks and non-nutritious snacks. These foods don't have much nutritional value and they can take a toll on teeth.
What affect how quickly youngsters may develop tooth decay(蛀牙)are the eating habits and their food choices.With bacteria coming into contact with sugar in the mouth, acid( 酸)is produced. It will attack the teeth and eventually lead to tooth decay.
Foods containing sugar of any kind can lead to tooth decay. Almost all foods, even milk and vegetables, contain some type of sugar. Some of them, however, are a necessary part of a healthy diet due to their nutritional value. To help control the amount of sugar you consume, you need to read food labels carefully and choose foods and drinks with lower added sugar. Drinks, sweets and biscuits that contain a lot of added sugar shouldn't be on your shopping list.
Maintaining a diet lacking certain nutrients may increase the risk of tissue(4#A )infection in your mouth, which may result in a major cause of tooth loss in adults-the periodontal disease(2 a%P). Although poor nutrition and the periodontal disease are not directly related, many studies show that the disease progresses faster and can be more severe in people with nutrient-poor diets.
To make sure of enough nutrition, we need to maintain a balanced diet. Eating a variety of foods from each of the five major food groups and consuming less snacks will help a lot. If you do snack, choose nutritious foods, such as cheese, raw vegetables, plain yoghurt, or a piece of fruit.
1. What does the underlined expression"take a toll on "in the first paragraph probably mean?| A．To damage | B．To affect | C．To improve | D．To reduce |
| A．Their health problem. | B．Their parents' tooth health. |
| C．Eating habits and food choices. | D．Lack of nutrition. |
| A．To protect our teeth, we shouldn't eat any food that contains sugar. |
| B．A balanced diet will benefit us in preventing tooth disease. |
| C．The acid in the mouth attacks the teeth for less than 20 minutes. |
| D．Poor nutrition causes the periodontal disease directly. |
| A．A research paper. | B．Cuisine website. | C．A health magazine. | D．A food blog. |
6 . Spain's Royal Theatre and China's National Centre for the Performing Arts (NCPA) have signed agreement on exchange of audiovisual materials through an online platform. The agreement will allow consumers to view materials on demand.
“The NCPA will offer one opera and four concerts live, as well as five documentaries to present them on the platform. With the launch of this project, viewers from several countries will be able to view them on the Internet,”said Wang Ning, the president of the NCPA.
Wang Ning also said the agreement was positive for both institutions because “culture is connected”. “We are going to present the classical operas of the world to the Chinese audience, and we also want to introduce some Chinese operas to the world to help the exchange between different cultures. It doesn't matter if it is from the East or the West. Art has a common character,”he added.
The Royal Theatre, which opened in 1850, is now considered to be the most important centre for classical music, opera and ballet in Spain. The agreement is another step towards greater collaboration between the two institutions which have enjoyed a close relationship for several years. He said the relationship between the Royal Theatre and China had received an important boost following the visit of Chinese President Xi Jinping and his wife Peng Liyuan to the theatre on 28 November 2018 during their official visit to Spain.
“We are working to take flamenco(弗拉明科舞) to China, to carry out Joint university projects and exchange activities so our respective people can see how each other works,” he explained.
1. The NCPA promised to offer _____.| A．Peking Opera shows | B．cartoons |
| C．documentaries and concerts | D．flamenco |
| A．To introduce Chinese operas to the world |
| B．To introduce Spanish operas to the Chinese audience |
| C．To carry out joint university projects and exchange activities |
| D．To promote the exchange between cultures |
| A．Encouragement. | B．Rise. | C．Drop. | D．Success. |
| A．On an Internet blog. | B．From a magazine. |
| C．From a news agency app. | D．In a textbook. |
7 . In many situations in our life, people take different methods to make up for their carbon footprints,such as paying a bit more when buying flights with certain airlines or planting trees. But have you ever wondered what a carbon footprint is? Where does it come from and how is it measured?
Originally a footprint was the print made by a foot, just as you might imagine In the 1960s, due to the development of space travel, the word gradually changed to mean the landing area for a spacecraft.It has continued to gain popularity in the field of technology, with people talking about the footprint of computers, printers and many other such machines. Small footprints are considered to be a positive thing, while large ones are generally bad.
When the term was associated with carbon dioxide, the meaning changed again. Now, it refers to the amount of carbon dioxide you produce with any action or activity. Today, everyone in the world has a carbon footprint, and it influences the environment directly, for carbon dioxide is known to result in the greenhouse effect. Your carbon footprint is closely related to your lifestyle. Small footprints mean that you re living a simpler, healthier and more sustainable life.
But what happens if it's big? Well, there are many ways to make up for it, some of which are mentioned in the beginning. To put it more specifically, you can balance the negative effects of your actions by using green fuels, recycling, reforestation(重新造林) and a number of other activities to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide.
So, before you print out this booklet, think about your carbon footprint and make the right choice1.
1. What exactly is a carbon footprint?| A．It is a print made by a foot. |
| B．It is the landing area for a spacecraft. |
| C．It is the amount of carbon dioxide people produce with any action or activity. |
| D．It is about the footprint of computers, printers and many other such machines. |
| A．People should pay a bit more every time they buy flights to make up for their carbon footprints. |
| B．Carbon footprint can be measured on a lot of websites. |
| C．If a persons carbon footprint is big, he might lead a green lifestyle. |
| D．Before using a printer, one had better think about the necessity. |
| A．Printing documents out. | B．Recycling. |
| C．Reforestation. | D．Using green fuels. |
| A．a short story collection | B．a travel brochure |
| C．a booklet on environmental protection | D．a magazine about geographic features |
8 . Scientists have been conducting plenty of research aiming at changing thee deserts back to good land again. Via countless research and investigations, they are learning more and more about deserts,and have tried various methods to recover wasted deserts, including bringing water in so that people can live and grow food there. However, things don't seem to go well. The earth is becoming desert day by day, and some think that the scientists might not be able to change this severe situation in time.
So why is land becoming desert? Though it is partially related to natural changes, many scientists believe that it is human beings that should take the responsibility, Believe it or not, people make deserts.Some places on Earth don't get much rain, but they still don't become deserts. This is because some green plants are growing there. It is a pity that despite the countless efforts scientists have made to promote the importance of plants to stop land from becoming desert, many people still don't pay enough attention.
Small green plants and grass are very important to dry places, and prevent the sun from making the earth even drier. Plants don't let the wind blow the soil away, either. When a bit of rain falls, the plants hold the water. Without plants, the land can become desert more easily. If there were no green plants on Earth, the whole planet would eventually become desert.
1. Which of the following statements is true about deserts?| A．There have never been plants or animals in deserts before. |
| B．All the deserts on Earth can be turned into good land soon. |
| C．There is little water for growing food in the deserts. |
| D．Deserts are more often caused by natural changes in history. |
| A．scientists know well how to change desert into good land. |
| B．people should follow the scientists' suggestion to stop the land from becoming desert. |
| C．if scientists can bring water to desert, people can manage to live and grow food there. |
| D．human activity is the only reason why land is becoming desert. |
| A．Plants can keep dry land from becoming desert. |
| B．It is good to remove all the grass from the desert. |
| C．All places without much rain will become deserts. |
| D．It is better to grow grass than trees on dry land. |
| A．In a novel on desert exploration. | B．In an academic report on water shortages. |
| C．In a blog on desertification. | D．In a poster about environmental protection. |
9 . Have you ever imagined travelling to the deep undersea and staying there for some days or even some weeks? Many people may think it impossible. But those who have gone to live in Saturation City—a new undersea city, will tell you it's quite possible. There will be no suffering. In fact it is so comfortable that it has been described as“a silk adventure”.
It's not easy for companies to design undersea cities in the past. The sea bottom is too deep, which has caused problems with communicating between underwater and the sea surface. This difficulty has been resolved by the one-person or family shuttle-submarines(潜水艇) which will always be ready to take people to the surface. Every one will be transported quickly and safely to their destination.
The city designers have special concern about the security of all the families. Careful entry procedures(进入程序) are required whenever people enter or leave Saturation City. There are advanced computers monitoring(监控)all the houses and streets. No object can be removed freely by strangers. Only when the robot cleaner touches the objects can they be moved. This new and revolutionary piece of computer equipment comes free with every house. It will certainly add to your quality of life in Saturation City.
There will be no household worries in Saturation City. Each house comes with its own robot for family use only. Your details will be programmed into its computer so that it will only answer your family’s commands. So a spotless house is yours as soon as you move in.
We hope that the above information is enough for you to decide to experience the journey deep undersea.
1. Many advantages living in the undersea city are introduced EXCEPT______.| A．easy communication with the sea surface | B．free and fast Internet |
| C．no household worries | D．complete family safety |
| A．Saturation City is completely under the control of computer. |
| B．It is difficult to move objects in Saturation City. |
| C．Whoever lives in Saturation City will be fortunate. |
| D．The life in Saturation City is of high quality. |
| A．is completely clean | B．is always floating |
| C．takes little room | D．has nothing in it |
| A．Entertainment. | B．Adventure. | C．Advertisement. | D．Cultures. |
10 . Blue Planet II continues the Blue Planet tradition of filming the rarest animals and behaviors that have never before been caught on camera. Each episode takes us through one of the many oceanic environments of the world, like the vastness of the open ocean, and each one has at least one animal that will make you feel impressed. More than 6,000 hours of underwater footage shot and over 125 expeditions to 39 countries allow the directors to create thrilling, breathtaking stories.
The photography in Blue Planet II is so amazing. It's like sitting in the water and experiencing it in person. To be honest, I can't think of another documentary that features this kind of jaw-dropping photography. And while the photography gets all of the credit, credit should also go to the documentary makers for bringing us so many fascinating stories. The documentary records the damage people have made to our planet in the last two decades, and it reveals different environmental problems in a more direct and thought-provoking way.
Blue Planet II shows the astonishing characters, interesting places and extraordinary new animal behaviors. Warm and impressive stories about the sea will build people's emotional relationship with our oceans and bring a new perspective to this little-known world. If you love or enjoy nature documentaries, you should absolutely not miss this. Blue Planet II is a WINNER.
1. Where are we most likely to read this passage?| A．On a news website. | B．In the ads on a magazine. |
| C．On BBC official website. | D．On a film lover's blog. |
| A．Stage. | B．Feature. |
| C．Method of taking photos. | D．Way of thinking |
| A．The author thinks the photography is excellent and amazing. |
| B．The author thinks there are other documentaries that are as good as Blue Planet II in photography. |
| C．The author thinks the stories told in the documentary also deserve the credit. |
| D．The author thinks for those who love nature documentaries, it is well worth watching. |
