1 . While flat bread has a history that dates back to ancient Egypt, real pizza—pizza with tomato sauce—was invented in Naples, Italy. Legend holds that pizza margherita—filled with tomato, cheese, and basil, in the red white and green of Italy’s flag—was first created by Naples’ Pizzeria Brandi to honor Queen Margherita of Italy during an 1886 visit.
Today, of course, there are all kinds of pizza shapes, sizes and flavors around the world, but the original Neapolitan pizza is round, with a soft, thin center and thinker, crunchier sides. You should be able to fold it in four and eat it like a crepe. And that's the delicious treat that's now up for protection as an irreplaceable piece of global human heritage: This year, Italy is putting "the art of the Neopolitan pizza maker" on the list of candidates to become treasures of world heritage recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Universally recognizable, "pizza" happens to to the Italian language's best-known word, but that doesn't mean it's a shoo-in. "UNESCO has never listed a cultural tradition linked to food production," Peirluigi Petrillo, who prepared the documents to be discussed at UNESCO, told The Local.
The European Union included pizza in its official list of “guaranteed traditional specialities” in 2016. The list specifies that any pizza called “Neapolitan” must be no more than 35 cm wide, with crust of up to 2 cm high, topped with canned tomatoes, cheese from Naples, Campania region, oil and basil. The pizza must be cooked in a wooden oven, and be elastic and soft.
Italy also says that it has more UNESCO-recognized cultural treasures than any other country. The final decision on whether pizza-making makes one more will be announced in 2022, after discussion with all 193 UN member-states.
1. Pizza margherita got such a name because________.| A．Queen Margherita gave it the name | B．it was specially created for Queen Margherita |
| C．it was created in Queen Margherita’s time | D．Queen Margherita liked eating it very much |
| A．Neapolitan pizza known in the world | B．Neapolitan pizza sold all over the world |
| C．the pizza-making art become a world heritage | D．Neapolitan pizza be thought highly of |
| A．Neapolitan pizza is only well-known in Italy |
| B．Neapolitan pizza will be recognized in the world. |
| C．The dream of Italy is sure to come true in 2022. |
| D．Neapolitan pizza might be refused by UNESCO. |
| A．has specific requirements | B．will become popular next year |
| C．must be admitted by UNESCO | D．must be created by Naples’ Pizzeria Brandi |
| A．Travel and Sightseeing | B．Food and Culture |
| C．Economy and Finance | D．Recreation and Relaxation |
2 . Renewable energy projects, including onshore and offshore wind and solar farms, have so far been subsidized (资助) by government support schemes. This has led to some to complain that clean energy is pushing up bills.
However, the most recently approved offshore wind projects will most likely operate with ‘negative subsidies’ -- paying money back to the government. The money will go towards reducing household energy bills as the offshore wind farms start producing power in the mid-2020s.
This is the conclusion of an analysis by an international team led by Imperial College London researchers published today in Nature Energy.
Lead researcher Dr Malte Jansen, from the Centre for Environmental Policy at Imperial, said: “Offshore wind power will soon be so cheap to produce that it will undercut fossil-fueled power stations and may be the cheapest form of energy for the UK. Energy subsidies used to push up energy bills, but within a few years cheap renewable energy will see them brought down for the first time. This is an astonishing development.”
The analysis for five countries in Europe, including the UK, focused on a series of government auctions (拍卖) for offshore wind farms between February 2015 and September 2019. Companies that want to build wind farms bid in the auctions by stating the price at which they will sell the energy they produce to the government.
These are known as ‘contracts for difference’ or CfDs. If a company’s bid is higher than the wholesale electricity price on the UK market once the wind farm is up and running, then the company will receive a subsidy from the government to top up the price.
However, if the stated price (规定价格) is less than the wholesale price, then the company will pay the government back the difference. This payback is then passed through to consumer’s energy bills, reducing the amount that homes and businesses will pay for electricity.
The winning companies said they could build new offshore wind farms for around £40 per megawatt hour (MWh) of power. This was a new record set by these wind farms with bids 30 percent lower than just two years earlier.
1. What does the passage mainly talk about?| A．Offshore wind farms to be built in the UK could reduce household energy bills by producing electricity very cheaply. |
| B．Offshore wind farms will not be subsidized by government in the near future. |
| C．The importance of CfDs. |
| D．The operation of negative subsidies. |
| A．will stop producing power in the mid-2020s |
| B．are paying money back to the government |
| C．will help reduce household energy bills |
| D．will all operate with ‘negative subsidies’ |
| A．make up |
| B．take up |
| C．cover |
| D．fill up |
| A．The renewable energy projects will lead to some to complain that clean energy is pushing up bills. |
| B．The company whose bid is less than the wholesale electricity price will receive a subsidy. |
| C．The stated electricity price is now higher than the wholesale electricity price. |
| D．Fossil-fueled power will be soon produced cheaply. |
| A．Curious. |
| B．Pessimistic. |
| C．Indifferent. |
| D．Optimistic. |
| A．A science fiction. |
| B．A financial magazine. |
| C．An advertisement. |
| D．A science report. |
3 . Summer Leadership Programs for High School Students
Do you see yourself as a leader? Strong leadership skills are a great way to set yourself apart on a college application as well as in your future career. Below are four summer programs that will give you a head start on improving your leadership abilities. And if you know of another worthwhile leadership program, share it with other readers using the link at the bottom of the page.
The Brown Leadership Institute
Brown University's pre-college summer programming includes The Brown Leadership Institute, a two-week leadership training session for motivated and intellectually curious 9th through l2th graders. The program aims to apply leadership skills to social issues. Through case studies. group projects. field trips, and discussions and debates, students examine complicated global issues and learn to come up with effective solutions. Students also create and bring home an action plan, attempting to resolve a long-term issue that they care about.
Leadership in the Business World
Rising high school seniors interested inn exploring undergraduate business administration and leadership are encouraged to apply to this program, sponsored every summer by the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Students attend lectures and presentations by Wharton faculty and guest speakers, visit successful business enterprises and work in teams to create an original business plan to be presented to a panel of experts and professionals. The month-long program is offered at both of Wharton's campuses in San Francisco and Philadelphia.
National Student Leadership Conference
Among its wide selection of summer sessions for high school students, the National Student Leadership Conference offers a five-day course on Mastering Leadership. It includes a series of interactive workshops that emphasize the Pillars of Effective Leadership", including goal-setting, group brainstorming. team building, people-convincing communication, and community service, as well as taking field trips, meeting with leadership professionals, and completing a day of service in the local community. Dates and locations vary.
Students Today Lenders Forever
Students Today Leaders Forever, a national non. profit student leadership association, offers this live-in summer experience for high school students entering grades 9-12. Students participate in leadership workshops and team-building activities with a focus on organization, teamwork, communication, and an overall commitment to effecting positive change. There are two six-day sessions hosted on the campuses of Hamline University.
1. Students who have strong leadership skills__________.| A．can get admitted to college without application as a necessary part |
| B．may distinguish themselves from others when applying for colleges |
| C．will achieve quite a different success in their future life |
| D．can separate themselves from others in their future work |
| A．The Brown Leadership Institute. |
| B．Leadership in the Business World. |
| C．National Student Leadership Conference. |
| D．Students Today Leaders Forever. |
| A．Attend two six-day sessions. |
| B．Participate in a day of community service. |
| C．Present a creative business plan with good teamwork |
| D．Take several field trips. |
| A．All the four programs provide field trips. |
| B．All the four programs are intended for 9th through 12th graders |
| C．No program offers live-in summer experience. |
| D．National Student Leadership Conference last for the shortest period of time. |
| A．A high school newspaper. | B．A university guide book, |
| C．A website | D．A teens magazine |
4 . At Beaver Meadows Ranch on Red Feather Lakes,Colorado,there is a long list of outdoor winter activities for the entire family. Take a winter vacation there.
Ice Fishing
For$10 a day,visitors can try their hand at ice fishing. Ice fishing is available from 9:30 a.m.to 4 p.m. seven days a week. You will need to bring your own ice fishing equipment because it cannot be rented.You will need to have your fishing license too.For more about it,call 800-462-5870.
Hot Chocolate&Cookies Sleigh Ride
Passengers take a 15-to 20-minute sleigh ride through beautiful Colorado country.During the sleigh ride,you’ll have the experience of stopping at an old-time cabin,warming yourself by a fire and eating cookies while drinking hot chocolate.You will need to contact them at 970-231-1955 to set up a time for your sleigh ride.
Winter Horseback Riding
Experience winter horseback riding while viewing the breathtaking beauty of the surrounding 840 acres where Beaver Meadows Ranch makes its home.You’ll be guided on a tour by one of the expert wranglers(牧马人)when the weather permits. One-hour rides cost $35 per person and two-hour rides cost $50. For more information, contact them at 866-881-7679 to set up your horseback riding winter activity.
Other Winter Activities Information
For more information about Beaver Meadows Ranch,or if you’d like to book a room for an adventurous holiday, call 970-881-2450. It’s not very often you can find a one-stop adventure spot full of winter activities.Take advantage of your free time this winter season and enjoy the outdoor scenery in Colorado.
1. If you want to try ice fishing at Beaver Meadows Ranch, you can_______.| A．rent ice fishing equipment there | B．spend at most 6.5 hours fishing a day |
| C．be guided by experts during bad weather | D．take part in the activity without any permit |
| A．800-462-5870 | B．970-231-1955 |
| C．970-881-2450 | D．866-881-7679 |
| A．$50. | B．$70. | C．$100. | D．$140. |
| A．Beaver Meadows Ranch covers 840 acres |
| B．Expert wranglers there offer riding lessons |
| C．You don’t need to book a room in advance |
| D．Colorado is famous for its convenient transportation |
| A．In the latest news. | B．In a children’s book. |
| C．In a travel guide. | D．In a sportsman’s diary. |
5 . Chichen Itza is an ancient site sitting in Yucatan State, Mexico, in Central America. This site has been listed as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World and is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Chichen Itza was an extremely important religious site for 1,000 years for the ancient Maya people. The Maya civilization began before 2000 BC and lasted until 1697 when Spain took away their last remaining city. The Maya people lived in southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western parts of Honduras and EI Salvador.
From around 600 to 1050 AD, in Chichen Itza, people were able to buy things that were difficult to find. This was thanks to its port, Isla Cerritos, which allowed the city to trade through water. In the 10th century, it became the capital of the area from central Yucatan to the north coast.
The ancient city of Chichen Itza was well planned in design. The pyramids and temples were built in groups, with paved walkways in between. People have found over 80 of these walkways all over the site. The main building groups are the Great North Platform, the Old Chichen, plus the Ossario and Central Groups.
At the center of the site is a castle in a pyramid shape. In Spanish, it's called EI Castilo, which means the castle. But its real name is the Temple of Kukulkan and it actually sits on top of a much older temple. On the 20th of March and the 22nd of September, the sun's rays create a strange shadow across the Temple of Kukulkan. It looks just like a snake slithering down the pyramid staircase. And in fact, the temple is named after the Maya feathered snake god, Kukulkan.
1. What can we learn about the Maya civilization from the text?| A．Its development totally depended on Chichen Itza. |
| B．Its ancient site was mainly in eastern Mexico. |
| C．It lasted for 1,000 years. |
| D．It was put to an end by Spain. |
| A．It was a trade center. | B．It was partly destroyed. |
| C．It took control of Yucatan State. | D．It attracted many foreigners. |
| A．is a palace built by the Spanish | B．sits under an older temple |
| C．is a temple to honor God Kukulkan | D．draw people's attention for its walkways |
| A．Economy. | B．Science. | C．Culture. | D．Art. |
| A．To encourage us to visit Chichen Itza. | B．To talk about some pyramids in Mexico. |
| C．To let us lean about the ancient Maya people. | D．To introduce some basic facts about Chichen Itza. |
6 . Beaches are not only great for lying on and doing water sports, and in fact one of the best ways of enjoying them is a classic beach walk. Here at iWantSun.co.uk we’ve been searching the globe to find you the world’s best and most famous beach walks, and here’s our pick of the top. Click on the most interesting walks and join our tourist program.
The Footpath of the Gods, Amalfi Coast, Italy
The name says it all really and you truly feel excited there, walking along this wonderful mountain path, which offers some of the most striking views on the planet. The path begins at the town of Bomerano to charming Positano along the UNESCO World Heritage area of the Amalfi Coast. The whole walk will take you about four and a half hours to complete and pass over narrow rocky paths.
Sydney’s Great Coastal Walk, Australia
Sydney’s coastline is one of the most beautiful and diverse landscapes in the world. Here you have national parks, historic sites, shining and quiet beaches all in one place. Sydney’s Great Coastal Walk runs all the way from Barren Joey in the north to Royal National Park in the south and takes an unbelievable seven days to complete. However, if you’re not up to doing the full walk, there are many different parts of the walk that you can do right in the city itself. Walking from the city’s famous Bondi Beach to the sweeping curve(大半径曲线) of Bronte Beach takes just an hour, which takes in some top sceneries.
Great Ocean Walk, Australia
The Great Ocean Walk covers 104km along Victoria’s famous Great Ocean Road, located on the southern coast of Australia, from the holiday town Apollo Bay to the splendid Twelve Apostles. The Twelve Apostles are the area’s famous stone landmarks which stand out like giants from the sea. The walk passes through a range of landscapes and sights, from national parks, famous surfing spots and deserted beaches, to wild coastlines, waterfalls, lush(茂盛的) forests, historic lighthouses and ghostly(幽灵似的) ship wrecks(残骸). Day walks and shorter three-hour walks such as The Wreck Beach Walk or the Lighthouse Cemetery and Lookout Walk can also be enjoyed.
So next time when you’re looking for a beach holiday, don’t just think about the holiday towns and the sand, but consider a more active sun holiday. If you have interest in any of the above places, please contact us, and we can give you the best services.
1. When you arrive at Amalfi Coast, _____.| A．the scenic beauty can fill you with charm |
| B．the walking can be started from Positano |
| C．you must be fed up with the footpath |
| D．narrow rocky paths may trap you |
| A．It takes more than a week to complete. |
| B．It really has the longest coastline in the world. |
| C．It provides visitors with a variety of great landscapes. |
| D．It starts from Barren Joey in the south. |
| A．Apollo Bay is at the end of the Great Ocean Walk |
| B．visitors have various walking choices in the Great Ocean Walk |
| C．the Twelve Apostles stand below the surface of the sea |
| D．most visitors have to finish the 104 km walk quickly |
| A．an online advertisement | B．travel magazines |
| C．a handbook to tourists | D．a poster in a foreign travel agency |
7 . Finland is about to start an extremely ambitious journey to test one of the most controversial economic theories of our time. The country’s social security institution known as Kela will be handing free money to thousands of jobless citizens on a monthly basis for the next two years. It’s a test of an economic strategy known as Basic Income, which at its core is essentially free money for every person once they reach a certain age, without any prerequisites.
The idea behind Basic Income is that by giving every individual a certain amount of money with which to keep themselves out of poverty, they are better off regardless of all other factors. If a person has a well-paying job, they still get Basic Income, just like everyone else, thereby creating a society in which every adult is above poverty and also continually contributing to the economy by spending money.
That sounds like a utopia, right? But there are other factors that create a lot of uncertainty, like whether or not free money will impact a society’s motivation to actually work. In the case of Finland’s experiment, individuals will be given a monthly payment of around $590, which is enough to prevent those individuals from becoming homeless, but obviously not enough to go clubbing on weekends or live extravagantly.
This is far from the first test of Basic Income and in recent years many programs have sought to put the theory to the test, even in the United States, Y Combinator, a venture fund which focuses on seed investments to startup companies, launched a small pilot program in Oakland, offering 100 citizens up to $2,000 per month just for existing. The program was small in scale and timeline, and many questioned whether or not it could possibly prove the theory one way or the other. At its heart, that’s the problem with all tests of Basic Income. When individuals know that it’s only a test and that the benefits aren’t permanent, they aren’t likely to change their behavior. If the test subjects in Finland find jobs and become rich, that doesn’t necessarily prove that they wouldn’t prefer to remain jobless if their Basic Income was promised for life. Whatever the case, it’ll be interesting to see how the large-scale test turns out to be the next 24 months.
1. The purpose of Basic Income is to _____.| A．help all citizens to live a rich life |
| B．test a controversial economic theory |
| C．help citizens get out of poverty and promote the economy |
| D．offer money to the unemployed and help them pull through |
| A．Honorably. | B．Wastefully. | C．Happily. | D．Freely. |
| A．the program is not fair for rich people |
| B．it can’t really help people break away from poverty |
| C．its test can’t reflect people’s real thought in the short term |
| D．its test failed to see how people behaved when they received free money |
| A．The author expects the result of the test. |
| B．Basic Income hasn’t been tested before. |
| C．Y Combinator’s program is part of Basic Income. |
| D．Basic Income is not well-accepted by Finnish citizens. |
| A．Travel and Fashion. | B．Finance and Economy. |
| C．Business and Culture. | D．Sports and Entertainment. |
8 . Whatever your level is, choosing to take French lessons in France is the best way to learn French. Place yourself in the local culture and practice your newly found skills in your free time.
You will be taught by native French speakers who have a love for teaching and use excellent teaching techniques. Lessons are interesting and you will speak French on the first day both inside and outside the classroom.
Learners
1.Suitable for all levels from beginners to advanced (高级的)
2.Over 18 years old
Class Schedule (课表)
1.Classes start on Mondays and run throughout the summer.
2.Please arrive at the school by 8:15 am on your first day for a short level test. It will help to place you in the right class.
3.Classes run from Monday to Friday each week.
4.Classes start at 8:45 am each day depending on your level.
5.You will have 3 classes per day lasting 55 minutes each.
6.You will have a short break between classes.
Free Time and Tours
1.The school offers a lot of cultural activities throughout the week. These activities can include cooking lessons, wine and cheese tasting, visits to Paris, cycling, movies and much more.
2.You will have plenty of free time to explore (探索) the local area and practice your newly found language skills or just relax on this learning holiday with a difference.
Other Information
1.You should bring a small dictionary, pens and paper with you.
2.Get more from your holiday, have fun, meet new people and take home a new language skill that will stay with you forever.
1. What is special about the French courses?| A．They are taught in small groups. | B．The teachers are young French speakers. |
| C．They will offer a wine tasting license. | D．People learn French in and out of class. |
| A．pay for their study | B．take a language test |
| C．do a survey | D．introduce themselves to the class |
| A．21. | B．30. | C．12. | D．15. |
| A．is not suitable for teenagers | B．provides dictionaries for students |
| C．has a short game between classes | D．offers cooking classes as well |
| A．a newspaper | B．a travel guide | C．a text book | D．a story book |
9 . Interschool Sports Programme
Interschool Sports Programme is coming. It will start on 30th April and end on 15th June.
Students in our school will join the boys' basketball games. Each Wednesday the players will travel by bus to Sports Centre, Erinvale Street, Corinda. They will leave school at 12: 20 p.m. It will take them about 20 minutes to get there. The games will begin at 1:00 p.m. and end at 2:30 p.m. Players must wear their school clothes and sports shoes. It will be great if they can bring large water bottles.
If you are good at playing basketball and want to join the games, please go to Mr. David's office (Room503) before 15th April to fill in form. We will choose 15 players.
Volunteers are also needed. Anyone who wants to be a volunteer needs to send an email to Mr David (davidss@qq.edu.au) to introduce yourself before 20th April.
For more information, please call Mr David (6783-5682) or visit his office.
1. Interschool Sports Programme is about long.| A．half a month | B．one month | C．one and a half months | D．two months |
| A．12:20 p.m. | B．12:40 p.m. | C．1:00 p.m. | D．2:30 p.m. |
| A．practise every Tuesday | B．buy new sports clothes | C．call Mr David | D．fill in a form |
| A．know something about basketball | B．send an email to Mr David |
| C．bring a large water bottle | D．wear sports shoes |
| A．school notice | B．news report | C．teacher' email | D．students' entail |
10 . Bright Side did some research on many places throughout the world where you can buy a house for 1 dollar or for free!
Roubaix, France
If you like France, Roubaix located in the north of France is just for you. The local authorities want it to be populated and attractive. You can buy a small house in the industrial district for just $1. The buyer is supposed to live in this house for 3 years.
Buffalo, USA
Buffalo offers whoever qualifies to buy a house for $1. All you need is to be a lawful citizen of the city and invest amount of money into its decoration. Doing this, the authorities are hoping to make the city beautiful again without spending money.
Liverpool, Great Britain
In Liverpool, most of houses were abandoned by the working class during the years of unemployment. The government is trying to sell the houses for just $1. If you want to buy such a house, it has to be your first deal on buying property (不动产).
Candela, Italy
If you still have any doubts about spending $1 on a house, you should know: the government will pay you some money, if you move to Candela. In order to be paid, you need to become a permanent citizen and have an income of $7500 per year. If moving alone, you will get $700, and if you are going with your family, the pay can be four times as much as only one person.
For more information of other cities, please Click Here.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE?| A．It is impossible to buy a house for $1. |
| B．The houses in some parts of the world are sold for $1 just for the same reason. |
| C．The authorities of Roubaix want more people to live there. |
| D．In Liverpool unemployed people have a lot of houses. |
| A．To improve the lives of poor people. | B．To solve the problems of employment. |
| C．To make the city attractive at no cost. | D．To attract people to the big cities. |
| A．You must be making the first house purchase. |
| B．You should live in the house for 3 years. |
| C．You need to be an unemployed citizen. |
| D．You have to repair and decorate the house. |
| A．$1 | B．$2800 | C．$700 | D．$7500 |
| A．a novel. | B．a magazine. | C．a letter. | D．the Internet. |
