1 . Playing sports is a lot of fun. Getting hurt is not.    1    

Wear protective equipment.

The equipment you wear depends on the sport you play. Helmets (头盔) are the most common protective equipment. They protect your head while you’re playing football, baseball, softball, and so on.

Warm up.

    2     Doing some stretches (伸展) can get you prepared to hit the field. By warming up, you get yourself ready to play. Practicing a sport helps keep you safe, too.

Know the rules of the games.

Traffic lights help prevent crashes between many cars that run on the road together. This works because drivers know the rules and follow them—at least most of the time.    3     When players know the rules of the game, fewer injuries happen. For example, you know that in soccer you can’t come from behind, crash into a player’s legs, or steal the ball. It’s legal and safer to go after the ball rather than the player.

    4    

This is a really important one. If you love sports, you may want to get back in the games, even after an injury. But playing when you’re hurt is a bad idea.    5    

Now you know how to prevent sports injuries. If you follow these rules, you can stay safer while you are playing sports.

A．Don’t play when you’re injured.

B．Don’t do too much exercise.

C．It’s the same with sports.

D．It can lead to an even worse injury.

E．It’s not a good idea to just go to the field and start playing.

F．You and the other players know what to expect from each other.

G．Take these steps to prevent injuries so you can stay in the game.

3 . A high school class has a wellness book in which they exchange ideas about health and fitness. Read what Kayla wrote and answer the questions.

GOING POSITIVE

I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible. I worried about my weight and tried every new diet I read about online. I tried no-fat, low-fat, 5:2, only bananas, no bananas — I almost went bananas, too.

Then I read an article that said instead of asking “Am I fat?” I should be asking “Am I fit?” I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”, I would say “I want to run two kilometres in eight minutes” or “I want to be able to do 30 push-ups”. Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. I could still have a burger now and then, but I would add a salad or an apple.

Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body. Instead, I made a list of the things I liked about myself. By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier.

1. What problem did Kayla have in the past?
________________
2. What does the sentence “I almost went bananas” mean?
________________
3. What made her change her thinking?
________________

5 . Hiking, that is, travelling on foot, can be a great way to spend time outdoors.     1     With enough preparation, hiking can be a safe sport in which anyone can take part.

Map out your way before setting out. Tell your friends or family where and when you will be hiking, and when you expect to return.     2     If you have a BDS (卫星导航系统), pack it, as well.

    3     Your body can only take in about 1 liter of liquid per hour, so drink 0.5 to 1 liter of some type of electrolyte(电解质) replacement drink every hour when you are hiking in the heat. Carry your water bottle in your hand and drink small amounts often. An adult should drink about 4 liters of electrolyte replacement drink for every 8 hours spent hiking in the heat.

In the case of lightning storms, stay away from tall trees and go quickly to the lowest—lying land you can find. On hot summer days, it’s necessary to bring clothing and a raincoat.     4     In fall and winter, pack warm clothing and matches in case you need to build a fire.

If you have worked out a hiking plan and told your friends or family your plan, help will be on the way as soon as they realize that you are missing. The best course of action is to stay in one position so that search groups can find you. Try to find a grassland or clearing where you may be seen from the air. A BDS is a good helper. With a BDS, your friends or family may easily know where you are.     5    

A．Water is the most important thing.

B．Buy a map of the area and familiarize yourself with the paths.

C．Going hiking with friends is even greater.

D．Take plenty of water and sun cream, as temperatures may increase fast.

E．BDS will also fixed in boats both of the sailing and rowing variety.

F．To bring a smartphone is also a good idea, but you may not have service in some areas.

G．However, basic hiking rules are necessary to ensure you have a safe trip.

6 . Science shows that stretching (拉伸) is essential after exercise. Stretching lengthens and mobilizes the connective tissue around your muscle. What’s more, stretching helps your blood flow and even relieves your stress.     1    

You could feel sick. You won’t be surprised to know that when you exercise, you raise your heart rate for a period of time. While it’s great to get that blood flowing, it’s just as important to get your heart rate back to a normal level after the workout is over.     2     As your heart is beating faster and your body temperature is higher, you could pass out or feel sick if you stop too fast. Stretching after physical activity allows a gradual decrease at the end of the episode.

Your muscles will likely become stiffer and more sore. When you exercise your muscles, it produces lactic acid (乳酸), which is actually what causes your muscles to become sore. When you rest between periods of exercise, your body naturally breaks down that lactic acid. One thing that helps your body get rid of that lactic acid?     3    . Stretching helps you distribute oxygen throughout your body, which can reduce lactic acid production and rid your muscles of any accumulation of lactic acid.

    4     Flexibility is closely related to injury risk. Poor flexibility will cause you to have muscles that get tired quicker and joints that are more likely to suffer from injury. Besides, your weakened range of motion will lead to less blood and nutrients to your joints.     5     Sticking to stretching exercise after physical activity can hopefully improve your flexibility.

A．You’ll be at risk of injury.

B．You guessed it: Stretching.

C．You’ll improve your flexibility by stretching.

D．It does wonders for both your physical and mental health.

E．This is also known in the fitness world as “cooling down”.

F．There are harmful side effects if you don’t stretch after exercise.

G．That’s why people often feel pain in their “weight bearing” joints like knees and hips.

8 . On Us TV shows, you may sometimes see rubber balls on people’s desks. These balls are known as “stress relief balls”. People can squeeze them when they feel stressed out. It’s believed that by concentrating on the act of squeezing, they can let go of the negative energy in their bodies.

    1    Fortunately, we have many ways to deal with it.

In fact, the rubber stress relief balls that are so popular today in the US are believed to date back to ancient China.     2     By squeezing them during moments of anxiety, soldiers were able to calm themselves down before going into battle. And in the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644), people started rolling walnuts in their hands. Ordinary citizens—not just soldiers—developed the habit of rolling two walnuts, or balls made from iron or stone, around in their hands.     3    

And today, we have many gadgets (小器具) and toys that are designed to reduce stress in addition to stress relief balls. One example is the popular fidget spinner (指尖陀螺).     4     You just spin the gadget around. There’s also the fidget cube, which features different “gimmicks (机关)” on each side of the cube. You can click, spin, pull, push and rotate different parts of the cube.

    5     But perhaps we should take them more seriously. “After all, the history of stress balls is a history of modern-day coping,” reporter Nadia Berenstein wrote for Woolly magazine.

A．This helped them relax as well.

B．These gadgets may look like simple toys.

C．It keeps your hand busy with an easy task.

D．This is the only way to ease away your tension.

E．Indeed, stress is a big problem for many people.

F．A focused activity helps take your mind off the problems of your day.

G．Back in the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), soldiers used walnuts to get rid of stress.

9 . Green exercise is a term used to describe any type of physical exercise that takes place in a natural environment rather than in a health club or gym.     1    . Instead, it relies on the use of natural means of taking part in activities that improve strength and endurance with as little reliance on equipment as possible.

    2    . For example, some consider a truly natural exercise experience requires that the individual wear clothing only made from natural fibers. Others consider barefoot running or walking with a big arena to be more desirable than running or walking with shoes.

A slightly different approach to green exercise puts more stress on the fresh air, sunshine and involvement with the natural world, rather than the equipment or clothing used during the exercise.     3    . Similarly, climbing a mountain using standard equipment and protective clothing would also be considered a green exercise.

Many consider green exercise helps to reconnect human beings with the natural world. The interaction with nature helps to lower people's blood pressure, refresh their mind, and actually improve their self-esteem.     4    .

Not everyone believes that the green exercise is more beneficial than working out in a health club or gym.     5    . Meanwhile, the use of fitness devices may result in more challenging workouts which help strengthen the heart and lungs in ways that more simplistic exercise in a natural setting would be difficult to manage.

A．A green gym uses as little equipment as possible

B．Spirits are also believed to be positively affected

C．Opinions on what truly green exercise means differ

D．Green exercise includes a range of activities exposed to nature

E．So riding a bicycle in the forest can be called a type of green exercise

F．It usually doesn't use fitness equipment that is normally found in a gym

G．Some point out that many health clubs are built to make full use of natural light