Dr Lin Qiaozhi once sad, “Life is precious... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust,     1    (say) I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” These words carried her    2    a life of hard choices. She    3    (choose) to study medicine instead of following the     4    (tradition) path like the majority of girls. After graduating from university, she     5    (immediate) became the first woman ever to be hired as     6    resident physician. When studying in the US, her American colleagues invited her to stay in the US.    7    , she refused because she wanted to serve the woman and children at home. In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman     8    was appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. But a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Lin Qiaozhi,    9    (know) as the “mother of ten thousand     10    (baby)”, devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.

5 . An 18-year-old pilot, Brock Peters, was flying his grandmother to Riverside. Everything was going _________ when he did his preflight check of his aircraft. About 15 minutes into the flight, he heard a loud sound from the _________. At that point, he had to do the emergency checklist to get the engine restarted but _________ happened. He was already below the mountain range so he couldn’t _________ the control tower.

Peters had trained for engine failure situations. He knew he had only one shot and he had to do it correctly. He could hear his grandmother _________ but then her emotions _________ on finding a spot to land. The fields near the plane looked rocky, and trees made the landing seem far from _________. Then he saw the old Route 66 and he _________ that chance to put it down.

Although the road was smooth, landing on the highway presented other _________. A car was coming toward the aircraft as it was __________ down. But he knew he had enough space to land in front of the car.

The second the __________ of the aircraft touched the ground, he knew everything was going to be OK. He __________ to the side of the road and called 911. “My passenger was shocked,” he said. “I think she just had a deep __________.”

The terrifying experience won’t stop the young pilot from __________ to fly. If anything, he’s more __________ about his abilities than ever before.

6 . The first Friday of October is World Smile Day. Created by an artist named Harvey Ball, this day came about as a response to his creation of the smiley face. These little yellow faces are more than just a symbol.     1    

In 1963, Harvey Ball, a graphic (插画) artist from Massachusetts, created the smiley face symbol we’ve all come to know.     2     It’s every artists dream for their work to be respected and few symbols have had quite the impact that Harvey’s creation has had.

In the following years, the symbol has been used in many different ways including clothing, comic books, coffee cup sand more. Harvey worried that the commercialization of the symbol would reduce its impact.     3     Harvey knew something had to be done.

    4     It is aimed to promote acts of kindness. It was established in 1999 and has since been observed. Following his death in 2001, Harvey Ball World Smile Foundation was established to honour his name and memories.

The day is to encourage people to act kind and make others smile.     5     By doing so, you’d smile and in return, you’d make someone else smile and brighten up their day.

7 . Restaurants and cafes throughout England will soon be stopped from using some of the most common single-use plastics-is-a ban (禁令) green groups called necessary, not enough, and long awaited. The long-expected ban, announced last Saturday, makes it illegal for those companies to sell certain kinds of food packaging, as well as plastic plates and bowls designed to be used once and thrown away. The ban takes effect in October.

The new strategy is “a really positive step in the right direction, but we’re coming to it late,” said Steve Hynd, a strategy manager for a British environmental organization. The 27 members of the European Union have been banning the items since July 2021.

With Scotland stopping the use of single-use plastics last year and Wales advancing similar rules, environmental groups said England was “the only country in Europe” without a ban. Last month they handed in their formal request signed by more than 118,000 people requesting British officials to catchup.

England uses more than 5 billion single-use plates and other items each year, according to the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs. Most are made of plastic and end up being burnt, or thrown as litter that damages the food chain. Because they are made from fossil fuels (化石燃料), their production gives out planet warming greenhouse gases and brings a lot of pollution.

“Such a ban should be seen as an opportunity to create a cleaner U.K.,” Hynd said. He pictures a future in which it possible to walkthrough a park without seeing plastic littering the landscape or to sit on a beach without watching it wash ashore.

8 . When he moved from South Africa to New York City, Norman Rosenthal noticed he felt more depressed during the cold, short days of the city’s winters than he had in his home country.

“It was an illness hiding in plain sight because people said ‘well, that’s how everyone feels in winter.’ They didn’t see it as treatable,” says Rosenthal, a world-famous researcher at Georgetown Medical School. In 1984, he published the first paper to scientifically name the winter blues-Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), also called seasonal depression. It was a type of depression brought on by the dark days of winter.

Mental health experts say there are solutions to treat SAD. The first treatment that may have longer lasting benefits is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), a form of talk treatment that Rohan, a heath expert recommends for treating SAD. “Negative (消极的) thinking will produce negative emotions, and we want to change those into slightly less negative, more neutral (中立的) thoughts,” she says of the CBT approach. For example, “I hate winter.” might be replaced as “Winter isn’t my favorite season, but I still find things to enjoy.”

Finding wintertime hobbies may also help. “People with SAD often have hobbies and interests that are summer specific-growing gardens, beach going,” Rohan says. Instead of hibernating (冬眠) under a blanket, she suggests those people find indoor hobbies to enjoy-knitting, joining a book club or going to the gym. Exercising, learning ways to manage stress or planning a sunny vacation during the winter can all help to improve your mood.

Rosenthal stresses that there’s no reason to not seek mind health treatment, even if symptoms (症状) are only present for a few months out of the year.

9 . Two years ago, I came across a collection of dusty photos. I looked to see if there were any names on the backs. I thought: if these were mine, or my family’s, I’d want someone to return them to me. So I made it my goal to do so for others.

I’ve since visited secondhand shops weekly, and have collected more than 50,000 of these items such as photographs, memory cards and undeveloped films-everything you can name it.

I’ve also set up a social media account to help reunite items with their owners or other family members. The first item I posted was a tape of a family holiday. It was a video of two parents and a son of university age on a trip in the 90s — the son was wearing a T-shirt with the words “Wesleyan swimming” on it.

My social media followers contacted athletic departments in universities across the US and asked swimming coaches from the 90s if they recognised the student. After just a few days, someone identified him and we tracked him down on social media. He couldn’t believe it and was happy to be reunited with the tape.

People are often quite emotional when we get in touch-most of these items are lost after a house move or a family death. I found a box containing two rolls of film at a shop in New York. Inside the box was a note with the time 1943 and the name “Friedmann”. One of my followers found a family named Friedmann. They confirmed their ancestors that were in the photographs.

I have some rules. I should remove their posts if the family does not want their memories online. Every family has been grateful to have their memories back. Only a Martin family asked for all of their memories to be removed online. I removed it, but they were still extremely grateful to me for returning them.

I’d love to create a building to hold all these memories. I want every photo and every video to be digitised so they can be preserved online. I’m bringing together a team to return the photos to their owners. People are very interested in the feelgood stories that come out of this and I do, too.

10 . Unlike humans who enter a state of relatively complete unconsciousness while sleeping, birds can more carefully control their sleep. Birds often sleep with one eye open, only half their brain resting at the same time. The other half of the brain is awake, able to note danger if needed.

While the exact way in which birds control their sleep patterns has not been well studied, it has been shown that the safer a bird feels when sleeping, the more likely it is to sleep deeper. If the situation is more uncertain, however, the bird will sleep more lightly.

Sleeping together is another defensive method that many birds use. By living together, some species can create a nighttime place where thousands of individuals sleep. As a result, there are more birds to notice their enemies’ attack, giving each individual bird a greater chance of survival. In winter, many birds, particularly small birds, live together to share body heat and survive lower nighttime temperatures.

When birds sleep, they bury weak body parts in their feathers. A bird’s feathers create air pockets that help it keep warm, and by placing feet or the bill into the feathers, less body heat is lost. When a bird’s bill is buried deeply in its feathers, it is also able to breathe air warmed by its own body heat.

There is little data about how long birds sleep at a time, but studies show that birds may sleep longer during longer nights. This may be because birds are not able to search for food or take part in other activities without enough light and so sleeping is the next natural item on their to-do lists. Birds are able to sleep for a short time during the day, however, and can also sleep longer whenever they are in a safe place.