1 . Most parents are worried the first time they catch their kids out in a lie. According to child and teen psychiatrist Gayani DeSilva, lying can actually be a sign of healthy development in young children. “Kids lie for many reasons, and much of it is normal,” DeSilva says. “People are not born with the knowledge of communicating with others and getting their needs met. They’ll experiment with different communication styles and techniques until they find the ones that work best for them. Lying is one of those techniques.”
As kids get older, they become more aware of how their actions affect others, and many will lie less frequently. In spite of this, parents still need to lead their kids to form a habit of not lying. According to DeSilva, when children lie, look at them directly and ask what they need. After they tell you, gently remind them that telling you directly will be more effective than lying.
It’s also a good idea to model the behavior you want to see in your kids. In other words, don’t lie to your children. This will set you and your children on a course of open communication and trust.
In some cases, lying is a sign of a deeper issue. A child who is neglected will lie more than a child who has attentive and responsive parents. He’s not sure whether he’s loved. He may lie to please others. The same goes for a child who has experienced something unpleasant. He may lie to try to hide his shame, avoid admitting his needs, or to control his surroundings to ensure his safety.
By paying attention to the reasons behind a lie, parents can figure out what need to be done. For example, while Jack might lie about completing his homework in order to play video games, he also might be trying to avoid negative feelings connected with school work, and this is just where parents should start, says therapist Gideon Javna.
1. What can be inferred about lying from DeSilva’s words?| A．It has certain benefits for the healthy growth of kids. |
| B．It shows the understanding between kids and parents. |
| C．It can be an effective means of communication for kids. |
| D．It is so common for kids that parents can completely ignore it. |
| A．By pretending to trust them at first. |
| B．By encouraging them to admit their needs. |
| C．By telling them directly the harm of lying. |
| D．By punishing them for their lying in a safe way. |
| A．It’s common for children to lie |
| B．It’s important to be a generous parent |
| C．lying can damage family relationships |
| D．lying is a reflection of one’s mental trouble |
| A．Ask him to avoid playing video games. |
| B．Turn his attention to other positive things. |
| C．Give him a second chance to finish homework. |
| D．Listen to and help solve his problem related to school work. |
2 . "While extroverts (性格外向者) often make great first impressions with their outgoing manner and lively personalities in interviews, that value and reputation at work diminish (削减) over time,” says Corinne Bendersky, an associate professor of management.
“Extroverts disappoint us over time when they're part of a team,” Bendersky says. “On a team you're expected to work hard and contribute a lot. But they're often poor listeners, and they don't collaborate.”
“On the other hand, introverts (性格内向者) work hard on a team because they care what others think of them. They don't want to be seen as not pulling their weight or contributing 100%,” Bendersky says.
So while companies may be attracted to hiring extroverts because they impress managers greatly in job interviews, bosses also may want to consider whether the extrovert they are considering will be a valuable team player, Bendersky says.
Amy Jen Su and Muriel Maignan Wilkins, two writers, agree and say managers should recognize the strengths of introverted employees, such as their ability to put themselves in someone else's shoes.
“These team members are often easygoing, which can make them exceptional mentors (良师益友) to more junior staff or particularly good sounding boards when you interact with them in one-on-one situations,” Su says.
“Managers must try to help introverts find their voice,” Wilkins says. “Help them see that speaking up is not about self-promotion or being in conflict but rather about offering the team key insights, making better decisions or increasing the efficiency for all.”
What about those extroverts who never seem to be at a loss for words? Should managers cut them off? Managers definitely should weigh in on how an extrovert is affecting others. Wilkins suggests saying something in private to make adjustments.
1. What do we know about outgoing people according to Bendersky?| A．They are good listeners. | B．They are good at cooperating. |
| C．They often make great contributions. | D．They tend to perform well in interviews. |
| A．Trusting others. | B．Making good choices. |
| C．Doing their full share of work. | D．Trying to share their thoughts. |
| A．Critical. | B．Tolerant. | C．Doubtful. | D．Approving. |
| A．Promote more introverts. | B．Learn to work more efficiently. |
| C．Encourage introverts to speak up. | D．Avoid conflict among employees. |
| A．By providing examples. | B．By making comparisons. |
| C．By following the order of time. | D．By following the order of importance. |
3 . September is one of the very best months to visit France. Not only will you get to enjoy plenty of sunshine and warm weather, but the tourist season is beginning to wind down-which means cheaper airfares, lower prices at hotels, and fewer crowds. If this is your first trip to France, here is some handy information to help you get started planning your vacation!
Go Wine Tasting
September is the beginning of the grape harvest season in France, meaning there are plenty of wine-related events and festivals around the country. So September is a great time to visit the vineyards(葡萄园) around the country and go wine tasting. The Bordeaux, Loire and Burgundy regions are all lovely and great places to visit vineyards. Besides that, going to the castles of the Loire region in between visiting vineyards on such warm and sunny days is also very enjoyable.
Take a Barge Cruise
The temperatures are slightly lower, but plenty of sunshine makes for perfect conditions to enjoy a barge cruise on the canals of France. With such comfortable weather and beautiful scenery at this time of year, nothing equals hanging out on the deck of a barge.
Visit the Museums
Many museums in France have extended opening hours during the summer to accommodate the extra tourists and locals, and some museums also have extended opening hours into September. Wandering around the Louvre will take you into a wonder world, where you can enjoy world-famous art. Going out of the Louvre, you can walk to the modern and fashionable Champs Elysees to do some shopping.
Besides the above, riding a bike through France’s villages is also a welcome activity for young visitors in September. So, don’t hesitate and start to plan your September trip to France now.
1. Which of the following can best describe France in September?| A．Hot and quiet | B．Cool and noisy. | C．Warm and quiet. | D．Cold and noisy. |
| A．Paris | B．Bordeaux. | C．Burgundy. | D．Loire. |
| A．December | B．July | C．May | D．February |
4 . Graduate Schemes
Commercial Banking Graduate Scheme
We help U.K.-based clients to invest locally and trade globally, and advise them on ways they can manage risk. To apply for our scheme, you need a 2:1 degree or above in any discipline from any university.
Location: Our graduate schemes are based in various cities around the U. K., including London, Birmingham, Edinburgh and Bristol.
WHAT YOU’LL BE DOING
♦ Attending client meetings to understand their needs and offering solutions to support them.
♦ Managing the Group’s exposure to risk and assessing investment opportunities.
Risk Management Graduate Scheme
If you are eager to learn how a national organization protects itself and its customers from different threats, you’ll be a great fit for our Risk Management teams.
What you need is just a 2:2 degree or above.
Location: The first placement will be in Bristol, followed by three placements in London.
WHAT YOU’LL BE DOING
♦ Developing your understanding of credit risks, risk analysis and financial modeling.
♦ Using artificial intelligence (AI) to simplify our risk management processes.
Finance Graduate Scheme
Finance teams are the trusted advisors to our business. And, once they understand how a business works, they can develop strategies that help transform it, within a fast-changing industry.
Accounting and finance graduates are qualified for this scheme.
Location: London.
WHAT YOU’LL BE DOING
♦ Building relationships with colleagues and customers to better understand their needs.
♦ Reviewing our practices and contributing ideas on the ways we can improve them.
Manufacturing Graduate Scheme
We’re the U.K.’s second largest fresh food manufacturer. We’re unique in the way we source and make most of our fresh food ourselves. To join us, it’s crucial that you have to own a driving license. Besides, you must have a passion for food quality and safety. Those who have a minimum 2:2 degree and are fluent in Chinese will be preferred.
Location: London.
WHAT YOU’LL BE DOING
♦ Working with a variety of teams at several of our manufacturing sites.
♦ Going on placement in stores to learn more about our retail operations.
1. Which graduate schemes suit people who want to stay in Bristol?| A．Finance Graduate Scheme and Risk Management Graduate Scheme. |
| B．Manufacturing Graduate Scheme and Finance Graduate Scheme. |
| C．Risk Management Graduate Scheme and Manufacturing Graduate Scheme. |
| D．Commercial Banking Graduate Scheme and Risk Management Graduate Scheme. |
| A．Reviewing ideas on the ways to improve them. |
| B．Master more knowledge about retail operations. |
| C．Create bonds with customers to know them well. |
| D．Using AI to make risk management easy |
| A．A passion for food. | B．A driving license. |
| C．A certificate for Chinese. | D．A health certificate. |
5 . The deadliest wildfire in California's history broke out on November 8, 2018. It burned for 17 days and consumed 153,336 acres. In all the fire cost $16.5 billion in damage, destroying nearly 19,000 buildings, living 50,000 homes and killing 85. The beauty of this beautifully named place was gone.
Shane Grammer works as a creative director for Disney's theme parks. When his childhood friend Shane Edwards posted pictures of his white chimney--- the only part of his house to survive---Grammer felt very sad, but didn't know how to help him. And then he had an idea. "I've got to paint that chimney," he told Inside Edition. "And it was an opportunity for me to express myself and be an artist." On December 31, Grammer spent three hours spray-painting a black -and-white image of a woman on the chimney---a reminder, perhaps, of the beauty of life, or even just of life itself.
Grammer posted the image on Instagram. And many viewers said that he had really brought beauty and hope. Suddenly, Grammer realized that what he had thought was that a purely artistic expression had morphed into something deeper, the nature of true art. “When the first mural(壁画) moved so many people in this community, I knew I had to come back up,” Grammer told KRCR- TV. Over a period of three months, he returned eight times, painting 17 portraits of victims and figures of the Bible on walls, pickups, and broken buildings. "There is hope," he explains. "There is beauty in the ashes.”
Grammer's work in Paradise has now become a movement. He has traveled to many places painting murals in dark places that badly needed some light, an orphanage in Tijuana, Mexico, for example. "I want to do something powerful and create art that moves people," he says.
That first painting, on the chimney in Paradise, survived only a few months -the bulldozer(推土机) is a cruel art critic. Grammer couldn't be more delighted. It means that the spirit of Paradise is rising again.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?| A．The cause of the fire. |
| B．The damage caused by the fire. |
| C．The economic loss which resulted from the fire. |
| D．The reason why the beautiful place was gone. |
| A．Broke out. | B．Launched out. |
| C．Moved into. | D．Turned into. |
| A．Some people disliked it. |
| B．Grammer wasn’t satisfied with it. |
| C．The town was under reconstruction. |
| D．The bulldozer knocked it down by accident. |
| A．Caring. | B．Casual. |
| C．Humorous. | D．Indifferent. |
1. Which building is a four-story one?
| A．The gym. | B．The library. | C．The fast food restaurant. |
| A．It’s just behind the American-style fast food restaurant. |
| B．It’s across the street from school. |
| C．It’s next to the gym. |
| A．The other driver. | B．Dana. | C．The man. |
8 . If you’re traveling to South America in summer, you should have Patagonia (at the southern end of South America) high up on your list of things to do. With this list, I show you the best places to visit in Patagonia. The climate down there is pretty rough, especially in the very south - if you plan to do hiking or camping, the best time for a trip is between the end of November and the beginning of March.
1. Bariloche, Argentina
The fact that Bariloche is well connected (airport, direct bus to and from Buenos Aires) makes it the perfect starting point of a round trip through Patagonia. But more than that: the combination of mountains, lakes and green forests results in its beautiful scenery.
2. Futaleufú, Chile
Further down south and a bit harder to access is the small Chilean village Futaleufú which is located at the border to Argentina. The reason which makes it worth it: the Futaleufú River is often referred to as one of the best white water spots for rafting in the world. The landscape along the river is unique and, due to its location, still pretty much untouched.
3. Puerto Rio Tranquilo, Chile
If you want to get there quickly, you should travel through Argentina and cross over to Chile Chico as this place is also very remote. The reason to do so: the marble caves in the General Carrera lake.
4. Torres del Paine, Chile
Personally the national park Torres del Paine is my number 1 attraction in Patagonia - you should take some time and do a multi-day trek to experience as much of it as possible: glaciers, forests, impressive mountain ranges, lagoons and rivers.
1. What is the best time for hiking in Patagonia?| A．October 1—November 1 | B．December 25—January 15 |
| C．March 5—April 1 | D．November 5—June 7 |
| A．It lies in an easily accessible village. | B．It is ignored due to rafting sports. |
| C．It is the best rafting river in the world. | D．It still has untouched landscapes. |
| A．Bariloche. | B．Futaleufú. |
| C．Puerto Rio Tranquilo. | D．Torres del Paine. |
| A．Her car broke down. |
| B．She went there by bike. |
| C．She was stuck in traffic jams. |
10 . A new study suggests some of America’s favorite Independence Day fireworks can give out lead and copper (铜), which are used to give fireworks their vivid colors, and also damage human cells and animal lungs.
Led by researchers at NYU, the study showed poisonous levels of lead in the fireworks. Experiments showed that lung exposure to particle emissions (颗粒排放物) from five types of fireworks significantly increased oxidation (氧化), a chemical process in the body that can damage or even kill cells.
The researchers say the new study is believed to be the first to examine the effects of firework exposure in human cells and living animals, and to test for particles of common firework metals thrown into the atmosphere.
“While many are careful to protect themselves from injury from explosions, our results suggest that inhaling firework smoke may cause, longer-term physical damage, a risk that has been largely ignored,” says study senior author Terry Gordon, a professor in the Department of Environmental Medicine.
Gordon and his team also analyzed 14 air quality samples taken at dozens of sites across the US throughout each year. They found that levels of poisonous metals were higher in samples taken on Independence Day and New Year’s Eve celebrations than at any other time of the year. Along with lead, copper and other poisonous metals are commonly found in fireworks. “Our research shows that although we are only exposed to these poisonous substances for a short time each year, they are much more poisonous than the pollutants we breathe every day,” says Gordon.
Gordon cautions (警告) that the current investigation is the first step, only addressing the potential effects of one-time exposure to the firework metals. He says repeated exposure is likely a larger concern. Nevertheless, he is planning to share his findings with local health officials, firework producers, the Environmental Protection Agent, and other regulatory agents to alert them to the potential for harm.
1. Why do some fireworks harm our health?| A．They are oxidized in the air. |
| B．They can give out harmful metals. |
| C．They are exposed to particle emissions. |
| D．They can melt chemical substances in the body. |
| A．Letting out. | B．Working out. |
| C．Taking in. | D．Blowing off. |
| A．Fireworks are the main cause of air pollution. |
| B．Air quality on New Year’s Eve is above normal. |
| C．People breathe in poisonous air for a short time daily. |
| D．Air pollution on Independence Day is worse than usual. |
| A．Remind them not to set off fireworks. |
| B．Caution them against producing metals. |
| C．Alert them to the harm of the experiment. |
| D．Warn them of the possible dangers of fireworks. |
