1 . Social Integration — Welcoming the Newcomers
Social integration is the process through which minority groups interact, come together or are incorporated within a community, Increased social integration helps reduce conflict and tension in society, and it can help the new migrants feel more connected to their new community. How do different groups remain relatively cohesive in society?
A few countries around the world have adopted integrated frameworks for their economic, social, political and cultural policies with regard to accepting these migrants into the local society.
Integration takes place in neighbourhoods. work places, schools and public places where people from diverse backgrounds spend most of their time.
A.Social integration is no doubt a continuous changing process. |
B.Formal education is one common platform that brings together diversified groups. |
C.Integration also takes place in various arts programmes which are supported by local community. |
D.Concerted efforts are made to ensure there are equal opportunities for migrants regardless of their backgrounds. |
E.Societies are better off if they promote social integration through common practices that reduce tension, discrimination and poverty. |
F.Social integration should be guided in reasonable steps and stimulated by local governments. |
2 . This era of “Industry 4. 0” is being driven by the same technological advances that enable the capabilities of the smartphones in our pockets. It is a mix of low-cost and high-power computers, high-speed communication and artificial intelligence. This will produce smarter robots with better sensing and communication abilities that can
In the manufacturing industry, where robots have arguably made the most headway of any division, this will mean a(n)
For large-scale manufacturers, Industry 4. 0 means their robots will be able to sense their environment and communicate in an industrial network that can be run and
For
While these machines are getting smarter, they are still not as smart as us. Today's industrial artificial intelligence operates at a
What's coming next is known as “deep learning”. Similar to big data analysis, it involves processing large quantities of data in real time to
A.compare with | B.adapt to | C.pick out | D.hold on |
A.extensive | B.accidental | C.convenient | D.dramatic |
A.Traditional | B.Removable | C.Fashionable | D.Potential |
A.temporarily | B.thoroughly | C.eventually | D.initially |
A.arranged | B.evaluated | C.monitored | D.composed |
A.gradually | B.collectively | C.similarly | D.approximately |
A.identify | B.reserve | C.exploit | D.indicate |
A.dominating | B.imposing | C.eliminating | D.scheduling |
A.high-speed | B.mass-produced | C.small-to-medium | D.multi-cultural |
A.multiple | B.feasible | C.profitable | D.independent |
A.promotions | B.improvements | C.highlights | D.resolutions |
A.separate | B.peculiar | C.narrow | D.mysterious |
A.come up with | B.account for | C.give way to | D.make decisions about |
A.difference | B.commission | C.phenomenon | D.expectation |
A.introduced | B.described | C.prepared | D.demonstrated |
3 . Chances are you’re quite bored of your home by now. Oh sure, you know how lucky you are, if you have a warm and comfortable place to live when so many don’t. But a person could live in a full-on palace and still, at this point in a generation-defining global pandemic, think, “If I have to spend one more day looking at this cornicing (榐板) and those enormous wall sconces (壁式烛台), I will genuinely hurl myself off the balcony.” So allow me to share the greatest tip of all time for making your home more fun: get some wallpaper.
People are very cautious about wallpaper, especially the patterned type. I didn’t fully understand this until my partner and I were house–hunting half a decade ago, after we found out I was expecting twins. Off we went to look at family houses and, while the prices were horrific, the houses were, to my mind, even worse. That’s not fair: they were perfectly fine, but there was something about them that sent me plunging into a low-grade depression. I tried to explain it to the increasingly frustrated estate agents: maybe they were dark? Or they just had a bad atmosphere? Were the ceilings too low? At last, I understood: every house I looked at was painted all white or–worse!–dull grey. Literally, every single one, and I assume the people who lived in them thought they looked fashionable and safely neutral. To me they brought back memories of teenage years spent in a psychiatric unit (精神病病房).
“Safely neutral”: has there ever been a more depressing template (样板) for a home? “Safely neutral” is timidity, the decorating equivalent of a fear of letting yourself have fun in case people laugh at you, or a refusal to state an opinion in case you get it wrong. How so many people can bear to live like that is beyond my comprehension. I know not everyone is a maximalist, but I find it puzzling that people won’t commit to patterned wallpaper because they worry they’ll get tired of it, yet paint their home in the most boring shades possible. Be your fearless self! Make your stamp! If not on the world, then at least on your walls.
By the time we moved into our (entirely white, God help me) house, I was a month away from giving birth to two surprisingly big boys. I could no longer walk, but this in no way broke my stride when it came to sorting out the wallpaper. This was a home I hoped to live in for the next two decades, so I went all out and spent so much on wallpaper that we couldn’t really afford furniture for a while.
1. It can be learned from paragraph 2 that ________.A.the estate agents finally figured out why the author didn’t like the houses |
B.the unaffordable housing prices sent the author into a minor depression |
C.the houses the author was hunting turned out to be disappointingly uniform |
D.the teenager experience of being in a psychiatric unit troubled the author |
A.It may bring about ridicule from others. |
B.It will make a home much less depressing. |
C.It is too abstract for people to understand. |
D.It robs us of the chance to pursue pleasure. |
A.throwing away the apple due to the core | B.dealing with a man as he deals with you |
C.killing two birds with one stone | D.cherishing imaginary or groundless fears |
A.To highlight the vital importance of wallpaper. |
B.To reveal how to add color to home decoration. |
C.To indicate why people tend to get depressed. |
D.To explain what safe neutrality is all about. |
4 . In Dad’s Army, a British sitcom (情景喜剧) about a home-defense Force, Sergeant (中士) Wilson would often cast doubt on his commander’s various orders with the phrase “Do you think that’s wise, sir?” His doubt, although often ignored, was usually
Many employees must be tempted to imitate Sgt. Wilson when they see their bosses head down the wrong track. But caution often leads workers to keep silent for fear of appearing foolish and offensive and
A culture of silence can be dangerous, argues a new book The Fearless Organization, by Amy Edmondson, a professor at Harvard Business School. Some of her cases are from the
In a corporate culture based on
The solution is to create an atmosphere of “psychological safety” whereby workers can speak their minds. It does not mean that workers, or their ideas, are
Pixar, the production firm, created what it called a “Braintrust” to give
And psychological safety is not about whistleblowing (检举). Indeed, if an employee feels the need to act as a whistleblower by speaking to external
A.justifiable | B.pointless | C.subjective | D.ridiculous |
A.on the whole | B.in conclusion | C.as a result | D.on the contrary |
A.airline | B.manufacturing | C.service | D.advertising |
A.tempt | B.reason | C.trick | D.guide |
A.offensive | B.ambitious | C.aggressive | D.humble |
A.imitation | B.fear | C.efficiency | D.competition |
A.motivates | B.facilitates | C.maintains | D.prevents |
A.spoiling | B.polishing | C.masking | D.exploiting |
A.related to | B.safe from | C.concerned with | D.dependent on |
A.equivalent | B.object | C.argument | D.criticism |
A.priority | B.motivation | C.access | D.feedback |
A.optimistic | B.objective | C.defensive | D.passive |
A.authorities | B.elements | C.divisions | D.whistleblowers |
A.rejected | B.eliminated | C.voiced | D.questioned |
A.competitiveness | B.inventiveness | C.carefulness | D.selflessness |
Biographers (传记作家) gather information from many different sources. Legal documents and personal papers can reveal facts such as a person’s birthplace, income, number of children, and lifespan. Letters or a diary may contain valuable information about the person’s friends and activities, thoughts and feelings. All of these materials are called primary sources because they contain firsthand information ---- information that does not depend on the opinions or interpretations of others.
A biographer also checks secondary sources. The subject’s friends and relatives may be interviewed. If the subject died long ago, the biographer looks for anything written about him or her. Secondary sources supply secondhand information, and so a biographer must use them with care. The subject’s friends will want the biography to be favorable, while others may wish it to be unfavorable. The biographer must avoid both extremes. The biographer’s job is not to make readers like or dislike the subject, but to give as complete and truthful a picture of the person as possible. This means the biography should include both good and bad qualities, both accomplishments and mistakes. James Boswell, the author of a great biography of his friend Samuel Johnson, wrote, “And he will be seen as he really was; for I profess to write, not his panegyric (颂文), which must all praise, but his life, which, great and good as he was, must not be supposed to be entirely perfect.”
Much biographical writing falls short of Boswell’s standards. Ancient records of the deeds of kings and emperors were written to praise and flatter these rulers. Writers of saints’ (圣人) lives in the Middle Ages were often more interested in the moral message than the events of a life. Many 19th-century biographers did not reveal any improper or embarrassing details of their subjects’ lives. Though they may be interesting or inspiring, these works fail as biographies chiefly because their purpose is to point up a moral rather than describe an individual.
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A. neighbouring;B. concerned;C. complete;D. earnest;E. fats F. maintenance;G. notably;H. operations;I. regularly;J. specifics;K. shift |
A good grilling
As they reopen after lockdown, many restaurants are firing up their barbecues. Diners appreciate food grilled over glowing charcoal embers, but the
The researchers tested a commercial grill,
The researchers are investigating which extraction systems best protect all the people
Meanwhile, Dr Aleysa’s team have come up with their own solution: a new kind of grill, which they reckon can cut pollutants by 90%. Dr Aleysa is reluctant to go into
An industrial partner is keen to put the grill into production. It could go on sale by the middle of next year. It will cost a bit more than a standard grill, says Dr Aleysa. But he believes that would be offset by lower
American researchers say they have invented a method that could use salty water on Mars to produce oxygen and fuel,
Engineers at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, developed the new method. They created a machine called an electrolyzer. It can separate salty water into oxygen and hydrogen gases.
The team described the process in a study recently published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). Scientists have already collected solid evidence
The research team notes that any water that is not frozen is almost surely full of salt from the Martian soil. The usual methods for breaking water down into oxygen require the salt
The team carried out experiments with high levels of magnesium salts, which scientists believe likely
The U.S. space agency NASA has also experimented with technology to produce oxygen on Mars. One device designed to do this will be tested as part of NASA’s Perseverance mission. Perseverance is a new explorer vehicle, or rover, that is currently on
The engineering team said its method could even find valuable uses on Earth. “
1.
A.To study the effect of isolation on humans. |
B.To figure out the conditions of the volcano. |
C.To help choose the right persons for a trip to Mars. |
D.To learn about human mental and emotional problems. |
A.Eating diet food. | B.Enduring isolation. |
C.Being cooperative. | D.Coping with pressure. |
A.To set up their habitat. | B.To make weather maps. |
C.To study the rocky surface. | D.To communicate every 20 minutes. |
A.fascination B.luxury C.adventurers D. snow-capped E.significantly F.accessible G. hopefully H. vast I.draw J.tempted K.accommodate |
Few countries have such a diverse and appealing“ Outdoors” as the USA. The landscape is
summit is nearly 7000 feet. There is also an abundance of waterfalls, rivers, lakes that are small and intimate or
Everything worth seeing in the USA is
Many Americans, young and old, prefer camping in vehicles called"campers”. There exist many different kinds from the extremely extravagant to the cheap convertible pick-up truck. There are monster campers with every imaginable
Horseback riding also holds a
Natural perfume or artificial perfume?
The use of perfume dates back to earliest times. The ancient Egyptians perfumed the bricks used to build their houses and temples, and wore perfumed fat in their hair.
These days, consumer demand for perfumed products is intense. In the home, from washing-up liquid to paper tissues, soap to shoe polish, fragrance is the common ingredient. Artificial leather is perfumed to make it smell like the real thing, and in Japan, some companies spray perfume through building’s air-conditioning system at key times of the working day.
To meet the demands of the perfume industry, scientific developments have made the companies use substitutes for some natural ingredients. Scientists have also discovered that natural and artificial materials are highly complementary and are acceptable to the consumer. Even the most expensive perfumes are in fact compounds of both natural and artificial ingredients. The French perfume manufacturers were among the first to blend artificial compound when they made the famous perfume Chanel No. 5 in 1923.
Producing natural oils is very expensive. For example, 1000 kilos of jasmine flowers make just one kilo of extract. Using artificial fragrance has reduced the costs of manufacture overall, although the chemical operations involved can be very time-consuming and costly-sixteen or seventeen chemical separations may be needed to produce the right result.
Nevertheless, the use of complex chemical to reproduce fragrance is likely to increase, as the artificial ingredients as well as natural oils gives perfume manufacturers more control over the production process, which is why many classic perfumes owe their characteristic top notes to fruits of science not nature.
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