1 . I was cycling and noticed a person, about a quarter of a kilometer in front of me. I could tell he was cycling a little slower than me and decided to try to
So I
After I passed him, I
Isn't that what happens in life when we
The
Therefore, just take what life has given you, your height, weight and personality. Stay focused and live a healthy life. There's no
| A．follow | B．catch | C．remind | D．grasp |
| A．before | B．after | C．unless | D．when |
| A．stopped | B．enjoyed | C．started | D．regretted |
| A．way | B．block | C．step | D．time |
| A．apart from | B．above | C．ahead of | D．behind |
| A．protected | B．pushed | C．supported | D．comforted |
| A．thought | B．remembered | C．dreamt | D．hoped |
| A．Fortunately | B．Finally | C．Surprisingly | D．Apparently |
| A．calm | B．lucky | C．astonished | D．good |
| A．racing | B．exercising | C．celebrating | D．cycling |
| A．believed | B．expected | C．realized | D．understood |
| A．escaped | B．missed | C．made | D．lost |
| A．worry about | B．care for | C．depend on | D．focus on |
| A．prove | B．declare | C．explain | D．inform |
| A．tears | B．money | C．energy | D．pain |
| A．paths | B．entrances | C．plans | D．barriers |
| A．task | B．difficulty | C．problem | D．goal |
| A．movement | B．cycle | C．event | D．routine |
| A．never | B．often | C．sometimes | D．always |
| A．mistake | B．competition | C．pressure | D．challenge |
2 . Anecdotal evidence has long held that creativity in artists and writers can be associated with living in foreign parts. Rudyard Kipling, Pablo Picasso, Ernest Hemingway, Paul Gauguin, Samuel Beckett and others spent years living abroad. Now a pair of psychologist has proven that there is indeed a link.
As they report in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, William Maddux of INSEAD, a business school in Fontainebleau, France, and Adam Galinsky, of the Kellogg School of Management in Chicago, presented 155 American business students and 55 foreign ones studying in America with a test used by psychologists as a measure of creativity Given a candle, some matches and a box of drawing pins, the students were asked to attach the candle to a cardboard wall so that no wax would drip on the floor when the candle was lit. (The solution is to use the box as a candleholder and fix it to the wall with the pin.) They found 60% of the students who were either living abroad or had spent some time doing so, solved the problem, whereas only 42% of those who had not lived abroad did so.
A follow-up study with 72 Americans and 36 foreigners explored their creative negotiating skills. Pairs of students were asked to play the role of seller of a petrol station who then needed to get a job and a buyer who would need to hire staff to run the business. The two were likely to reach a deadlock because the buyer had been told he could not afford what the seller was told was his minimum price. Nevertheless, when both negotiators had lived abroad 70 % struck a deal in which the seller was offered a management job at the petrol station in return for a lower asking price. When neither of the negotiators had lived abroad, none was able to reach a deal.
Merely travelling abroad, however, was not enough. You do have to live there. Packing your beach towel and suntan lotion will not, by itself make you Hemingway.
1. What is the purpose of mentioning the famous names in the opening paragraph?| A．To show the relationship between creativity and living abroad. |
| B．To indicate the link between artistic creation and life experience. |
| C．To emphasize how great these artists are. |
| D．To impress the importance of creativity. |
| A．William Maddux and Adam Galinsky have carefully designed the test. |
| B．Negotiators who had lived abroad are more flexible in negotiating. |
| C．American business students are less creative than those oversea students. |
| D．One's creativity is associated with the length one has spent abroad. |
| A．There exist sharp differences between travelling and living abroad. |
| B．You shouldn't lie on the beach when travelling. |
| C．Only real experience of living abroad can help drive creativity. |
| D．Living abroad is more meaningful than just travelling abroad. |
| A．A diary. | B．A magazine. |
| C．A novel. | D．A guidebook. |
3 . Babies made from three people approved in UK
Babies made from two women and one man have been approved by the UK’s fertility regulator. The historic and controversial move is to prevent children from being born with deadly genetic diseases.
Doctors in Newcastle — who developed the advanced form of In Vitro Fertilization or IVF (人工授精) — are expected to be the first to offer the procedure and have already appealed for donor eggs. The first such child could be born, at the earliest, by the end of 2017.
Some families have lost multiple children to incurable mitochondrial (线粒体的) diseases, which can leave people with insufficient energy to keep their heart beating.
The diseases are passed down from only the mother, so a technique using a donor egg as well as the mother’s egg and father’s sperm has been developed.
The resulting child has a tiny amount of their DNA from the donor, but the procedure is legal and reviews say it is ethical (伦理的) and scientifically ready.
“It is a decision of historic importance,” said Sally Cheshire, chairwoman of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA). “I’m sure patients will be really pleased by what we’ve decided today.”
But some scientists have questioned the ethics of the technique, saying it could open the door to genetically-modified(转基因) ‘designer’ babies.
The HFEA must approve every clinic and every patient before the procedure can take place. Three-person babies have been allowed only in cases where the risk of a child developing mitochondrial disease is very high.
Prof Mary Herbert, from the Newcastle Fertility Centre, said, “It is enormously pleasing that our many years of research in this area can finally be applied to help families affected by these devastating diseases”.
“Now that we are moving forward towards clinical treatments, we will also need donors to donate eggs for use in treatment to prevent affected women transmitting disease to their children.”
Prof Sir Doug Turnbull, the director of the Welcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research at Newcastle University, said, “We are delighted by today’s decision. We will also provide long-term follow up of any children born.”
NHS England has agreed to fund the treatment costs of the first trial of three-person IVF for those women who meet the HFEA criteria, as long as they agree to long-term follow up of their children after they are born.
1. Why is it historically important to approve babies made from three people?| A．It helps couples who lose the ability to give birth to a baby. |
| B．It marks a foundation stone to change babies’ appearances before birth. |
| C．It stops deadly genetic diseases passing down to newly-born babies. |
| D．It turns out to be an advanced form of In Vitro Fertilization. |
| A．They pass down on to babies from their parents. |
| B．They prevent people’s heart from functioning normally. |
| C．Some children infected can be cured with proper treatment. |
| D．Babies can be infected with them through a donor’s egg. |
| A．Only when the baby to be born needs it to survive. |
| B．Only when the patient gets financially prepared. |
| C．Only when the clinic gets scientifically ready. |
| D．Only when the technique is ethnically accepted. |
| A．Supportive | B．Indifferent | C．Worried | D．Objective |
4 . 
News anchors(主播) must have been reluctant to read out the following news: Xin Xiaomeng began working as the world’s first female artificial(人工的) intelligence news anchor at Xinhua News Agency on Sunday, three months after a male robot joined the profession.
Unlike previous news robots though, Xin does not read news like a cold machine; she reads it almost like a human being. The muscles on her face stretch and relax-and her reactions change-as she continues reading. That’s why many news anchors were worried: Will AI replace us in the near future?
To find the answer, we have to analyse the technologies that support Xin at her job. Three key technologies are used to support Xin. First, samples of human voices are collected and synthesized (合成). This is followed by the collection and synthesis of human muscle movement samples. And third the voices and movements are married in a way that when the Al news anchor reads, the micro -electric motors behind her face move to make her expressions seem more human.
Yet we need a thorough knowledge of deep leaning technology to make a robot imitate a person’s voice. The developer needs to collect tens of thousands of pieces of pronunciations, input them Into the machine and match them with the text or the Al to lean and read. The process for imitating facial movements is similar. The developer has to analyse the movements of the 53 muscles in the human face, make a model set from the collected data for the AI news anchor to lean, and imitate the movements of facial muscles via programs
Both the technologies used to make Xin’s performance impressive are mature. The real difficulty lies in the third -the technology to match the pronunciations with facial movements so that Xin expressions vary according to the content of the news report. In fact, Xins expressions don' t always change according to the content. As a result, her expressions look anything but human. Actually. AI is still no match for human qualities.
1. What does the underlined word "reluctant "in the first paragraph mean?| A．Delighted. | B．Unwilling. | C．Confused. | D．Optimistic. |
| A．They read news without expressions. | B．They looked like a human being |
| C．They could interview sports stars | D．They could interact with audience. |
| A．This technology is very perfect so far |
| B．This technology is quite popular now |
| C．This technology remains at the theoretical stage |
| D．This technology is far from mature. |
| A．human news anchors should learn from AT anchors to save their jobs |
| B．Al anchors perform much better than human news anchors at present |
| C．Al news anchors won 't replace human news anchors in the near future |
| D．Xin Xiaomeng s expressions vary so naturally that they are true to life |
5 . When people see machines that respond like humans, or computers that perform amazing feats of strategy, they sometimes joke about a future in which humanity will need to accept robot overlords. But buried in the joke is a seed of unease. Science fiction writing and popular movies have shown us about artificial intelligence (AI) that exceeds the expectations of its creators and escapes their control, eventually outcompeting and enslaving humans or targeting them for extinction(灭绝).
Even in the real word, not everyone is ready to welcome AI with open arms. In recent years, as computer scientists have pushed the boundaries of what AI can accomplish, leading figures in technology and science have warmed about the frightening dangers that artificial intelligence may pose to humanity, even suggesting that AI capabilities could destroy the human race.
But why are people so frightened about the idea of AI?
Elon Musk is one of the famous voices that have raised red flags about AI, In July 2017. Musk told attendees at a meeting of the National Governors Association, I have exposured to the very cutting-edge Al,and I think people should be really concerned about it.I keep sounding the alarm bell. But until people see robots going down the street killing people, they don't know how to react, because it seems so impossible."
Earlier, in 2014, Musk had labeled AI "our biggest existential threat," and in August 2017, he declared that humanity faced a greater risk from AI than the terrorists. Physicist Stephen Hawking, who died on March14, also expressed concerns about AI, telling the BBC in 2014 that "the development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.
1. What are top scientists in AI worried about?| A．Its ability of impressive fests. | B．It contributes too much to movies. |
| C．It may end the human race some day. | D．It's capability to bury our seeds in jokes. |
| A．Questions. | B．Warnings |
| C．Complaints. | D．Wonders. |
| A．be a great threat to human beings. | B．learn the human emotions like fear. |
| C．predict the future of the human race. | D．compose horrible tales into scary stories. |
| A．Technology | B．Health |
| C．Planet earth. | D．Human nature. |
6 . Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating?
Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate? Then, let it melt in your mind, not in your mouth. According to the recent research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it.
This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation.
The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind. “If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes and smells—that will increase your appetite,” said Carey Morewedge, a well-known psychologist. “It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing.
Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups. One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates.
| A．What’s more, this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined. |
| B．People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment. |
| C．For example, a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite, according to the study. |
| D．All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each. |
| E．It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific food. |
| F．This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet, the study says. |
| G．This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need. |
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
You must have heard about Dolly and have been amazed by the first cloned animal. But here came a problem; should we clone humans? When being asked about this question, a large number of people which are interested in the topic hold the view that it’s beneficial to clone humans. Therefore, some other people, me including, are against this idea. Cloning humans can bring negative effects and wrong informations. In the first place, they may not be treated equal as normal people, which I believe will make him suffer a lot. In second place, human cloning may lead in some social disorder, and it is quite dangerous.
8 . Can a computer think? That depends on what you mean by “think”. If solving a math problem is “thinking”, then a computer can “think” and do so much faster than a man. Of course, most mathematical problems can be solved by repeating certain process over and over again. Even the simple computers of today can do that. It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are“programmed” to do so. They can only do what men have them do. One must remember that human beings also can only do what they are “programmed” to do. Our genes “program” us the moment the fertilized ovum(受精卵) is formed, and our possible abilities are limited by that “program”. Our “program” is so much more enormously complex, though, that we might like to define “thinking” in terms of the creativity that goes into writing a great symphony or in developing a brilliant scientific theory. In that sense, computers certainly can’t think and neither can most humans.
Surely, though, if a computer can be made complex enough, it can be as creative as we. If it could be made as complex as a human brain, it could be equal to a human brain and do whatever a human brain can do. To suppose anything else is to suppose that there is more to the human brain than the matter that composes it. The brain is made up of cells in a certain arrangement. If anything else is there, no signs of it have ever been discovered. To duplicate (复制) the material complexity of the brain is therefore to duplicate everything about it.
But how long will it take to build a computer complex enough to duplicate the human brain? Perhaps not as long as some think. Long before we approach a computer as complex as our brain, we will perhaps build a computer that is at least complex enough to design another computer more complex than itself. This more complex computer could design one still more complex and so on and so on. In other words, once we pass a certain critical point, the computers take over and there is a “complexity explosion”. In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that not only duplicate the human brain but go far beyond it.
1. In what sense does the writer think that humans are programmed?| A．Their characteristics, powers, etc. are fixed before birth. |
| B．He thinks a man’s abilities are not limited, as a computer’s are. |
| C．In the sense that humans will always be better than computers. |
| D．Computers must be operated by men, but man can operate by himself. |
| A．It is not true. All humans can ‘think’ in all sense. |
| B．Human beings fail to think as fast as a computer. |
| C．Most people don’t have great creative ability. |
| D．Something has been wrong with his genetic program. |
| A．The point at which a computer is an exact copy of a human brain. |
| B．When one computer is itself clever enough to design a better one. |
| C．When a computer can be made as creative as we are. |
| D．When the computers destroy each other in an explosion. |
| A．great damage | B．a terrific noise |
| C．excitement | D．big leaps forward |
9 . It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.
In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the ‘decline of class’ and ‘classless society’ in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class.
But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification (分层).
One unchanging aspect of a British person’s class position is accent. The words a person speaks tell her or his class. A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader was considered as the most attractive voice. Most people said this accent sounded ‘educated’ and ‘soft’. The accents placed at the bottom in this study, on the other hand, were regional accents. These accents were seen as ‘common’ and ‘ugly’. However, a similar study of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice (偏见).
In recent years, however, young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins. This is an indication of class becoming unnoticed. However, the 1995 pop song ‘Common People’ puts forward the view that though a middle-class person may ‘want to live like common people’, they can never appreciate the reality of a working-class life.
1. A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Britain ________.| A．it is time to end class distinction |
| B．most people belong to middle class |
| C．it is easy to recognize a person’s class |
| D．people regard themselves socially different |
| A．regional | B．educated |
| C．standard | D．unattractive |
| A．have a long tradition | B．are based on regional status |
| C．are shared by the Americans | D．have changed in recent years |
| A．The middle class is expanding. | B．A person’s accent reflects his class. |
| C．Class is a key part of British society. | D．Each class has unique characteristics. |
10 . Every year, as soon as Halloween is over, our son Matthew waits for the lights. He's been doing it for more than a dozen
The neighbors across the street always put up a
And when each evening's moment comes, you don't have to be with
Despite all his
Life
| A．hours | B．seconds | C．decades | D．years |
| A．rise | B．change | C．drop | D．stay |
| A．lights | B．neighbors | C．tricks | D．holidays |
| A．tasteful | B．beautiful | C．strong | D．strange |
| A．happens | B．tests | C．obtains | D．delivers |
| A．Instead | B．Then | C．Therefore | D．However |
| A．unless | B．until | C．after | D．since |
| A．nervously | B．impatiently | C．excitedly | D．quietly |
| A．it | B．her | C．one | D．him |
| A．poems | B．excitement | C．fighting | D．clapping |
| A．surprise | B．sadness | C．glory | D．delight |
| A．limitations | B．advantages | C．characters | D．beliefs |
| A．brother | B．sister | C．mind | D．memory |
| A．nothing | B．something | C．everything | D．anything |
| A．holiday | B．display | C．street | D．wait |
| A．fail | B．pity | C．stop | D．plan |
| A．receives | B．proves | C．supports | D．brings |
| A．satisfying | B．unwilling | C．painful | D．peaceful |
| A．In spite of | B．Thanks to | C．Regardless of | D．As to |
| A．happiness | B．darkness | C．sympathy | D．warmth |
