1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It is believed that Chinese knotting, also known as zhongguojie, originated for recording information and exchanging messages     1     writing was invented. Over the past thousands of years, knots     2     (play) an important part in the life of Chinese.    3     (initial), Chinese knots acted as good -luck charms to drive away evil spirits. Today, Chinese knots are widely used to decorate homes during festivities.

A major characteristic of Chinese knots is that they are often tied from a single continuous length of string. The knots are commonly named     4     the shape it takes. Chinese knots are created in a     5     (various) of colors such as gold, green, blue, or black, though the most commonly used color is red,    6     symbolizes good luck and prosperity.

Crafting the Chinese knot is a three-step process     7     (involve) tying knots, tightening them and adding the finishing touches. The knots     8     (pull) tightly together and are strong enough to be used for binding or wrapping, making them very practical.

Today, most of such knots are often mass manufactured in factories. Skilled knot artists weave complex knots that you might see     9     (sell) as souvenirs that you can take back with you. If you have time, why not try your hand at it? Perhaps these age-old charms can add     10     touch of good luck to your daily life?

2 . As a first-generation Asian immigrant (移民) who had grown up in poverty, I knew I was beyond _________ to be admitted into Harvard. I loved books, but it never crossed my mind to become a(n)_________ of any sort. I didn’t _________ to have unrealistic dreams.

Still, something _________ me. My deskmate had _________ our friendship recently. There wasn’t a dramatic fight or disagreement. He had _________ moved on to new friends. I felt an ache in my chest that _________ night. I started doodling (涂鸦) on my notepad and then, suddenly, my hand started writing words. I’d written a poem about him. There on the page was the truth about how much it hurt to _________ him.

That tiny poem was a _________that rooted in my heart. I realized I could possibly become a writer and from that moment on, it was all I __________to do. So I changed my field of study to English. I __________ my first short stories while I was still a student. I went on to write my first novel, Girl in Translation, which became an international __________ and is taught in schools around the world.

That night, I learned that art isn’t a __________ . It’s at the core of what makes us human. Although I’d believed that immigrants couldn’t afford to be __________, I understood then that we had always been the ultimate artists,__________ourselves again and again as we try to adapt to a new landscape.

1.

A．innocent

B．fortunate

C．dependent

D．voluntary

2.

A．surgeon

B．lawyer

C．artist

D．engineer

3.

A．expect

B．regret

C．agree

D．refuse

4.

A．bothered

B．inspired

C．interested

D．satisfied

5.

A．adapted to

B．shown off

C．broken off

D．referred to

6.

A．unwillingly

B．cautiously

C．helplessly

D．simply

7.

A．fancy

B．peaceful

C．happy

D．lonely

8.

A．marry

B．upset

C．lose

D．desert

9.

A．romance

B．seed

C．secret

D．shadow

10.

A．hesitated

B．resolved

C．declined

D．pretended

11.

A．bought

B．borrowed

C．priced

D．published

12.

A．gap

B．effort

C．challenge

D．bestseller

13.

A．necessity

B．luxury

C．game

D．reality

14.

A．practical

B．reliable

C．energetic

D．creative

15.

A．rescuing

B．recreating

C．recovering

D．relaxing

3 . The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down. Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.

According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution.

Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab. The videos reveal that time and again, moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights, which appeared to greatly change their flight paths. If the light is above them, they might start orbiting it, but if it’s behind them, they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground.

Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations. Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats. The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime, causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding.

There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. “What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects? For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said.

1. What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Popularized widely.	B．Discussed openly.
C．Defined accurately.	D．Explored academically.

2. Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because ______.

A．they can’t keep their balance.

B．they use improper flight attitude.

C．they lose track of which way is up.

D．they are attracted to lights from far away.

3. What is the significance of the research finding?

A．It may lead to better conservation of insects.

B．Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of.

C．Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night.

D．It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Why insects lose their ability to fly at night.

B．Why artificial light and evolution trap insects.

C．How artificial light impacts insect populations.

D．How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight.

4 . Like many of the Indigenous (土著的) communities across the Australian continent, the remote communities in north-west New South Wales are struggling. Many of the 300 or so residents rely on welfare. Higher electricity bills—up to $3,000 a quarter for some households—further worsen the poverty. They’re always at the end of the power line, so the service that is there is quite extraordinary in terms of cost. It’s a real problem that needs to be fixed.

To that end, Anderson and other Indigenous leaders have formed the First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance (FREA) to push for renewable energy in Indigenous communities. They partner with private enterprise to support Indigenous communities looking to switch to renewable energy.

“We can build a power station where the community exists,” Anderson says, “so people are able to successfully live in the environment the way they want to live and have access to power which enables them to better determine their economic future.”

Only a handful of Indigenous communities have set up renewable energy projects in Australia. The Indigenous-owned and -operated company AllGrid Energy, for instance, has installed solar panels and battery storage systems to replace diesel (柴油) generators in the communities of Ngurrara and Kurnturlpara in the Northern Territory’s Barkly Tableland. Within two months of the system being installed in May 2016, people were moving back to their homelands, the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40.

But FREA will go one step further, working with community leaders and acting as a conduit (纽带) between the communities and the businesses they are dealing with. This is essential, says Anderson, to avoid predatory (吞并) practices they have seen in the past, with companies “playing on the psychology of poverty” to gain advantage. The FREA has drafted terms of agreements that will guide how companies engage with Indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.

One of the next steps for FREA will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project. “Our experience is that if we can make it work for one community, it will work in every other community,” Anderson says.

1. What is FREA expected to do for the remote Indigenous communities?

A．Increase power supply to them.	B．Help them return to their homelands.
C．Shake them off poverty.	D．Reduce their higher power costs.

2. What does the author indicate by mentioning AllGrid Energy?

A．Renewables projects are inaccessible.

B．Renewables projects are quite workable.

C．Renewables projects can increase locals’ income.

D．Renewables projects can coexist with diesel power plants.

3. What’s paragraph 5 mainly about concerning FREA?

A．Its strategies to win over the businesses.	B．Its cooperation with community leaders.
C．Its potential conflict with energy companies.	D．Its innovation in directing renewables projects.

4. What’s FREA going to do next?

A．Consult the experts.	B．Select a piloting community.
C．Collect sufficient construction fund.	D．Make renewables projects available to all.

5 . Ayung River Rafting

About the trip

Explore Ayung River Rafting, the longest river rafting in Ayung River, a white-water rafting! The river is classified to level II to III and your rafting trip will be approximately 2 hours. Our friendly and experienced raft guides will take you on a safe and fun trip. You’ll find a level of professionalism that offers unique insights into Bali’s natural wonders and memorable experiences through the rainforest. Don’t miss out on this unforgettable adventure that showcases the beauty of Ayung River and the excitement and thrills of tackling the rapids of the Ayung River.

        Prices

Ayung River Rafting Packages	Price
Ayung River Rafting Own Transport	IDR 350/Person
Ayung River Rafting Group of 2, including Return Hotel Transfer	IDR 550/Person
Ayung River Rafting Group of 3 – 4, including Return Hotel Transfer	IDR 485/Person
Ayung River Rafting Group of 5+, including Return Hotel Transfer	IDR 430/Person

Tips

●We suggest you bring short pants or a swimsuit, a pair of changing clothes, sunscreen and extra money for drinks and souvenirs (纪念品).

●Steep road lies at the beginning and at the end of the tour, please be ready to walk with reliable shoes!

●Plastic bags for wet clothes are available, but you are advised to bring your own to reduce plastic use.

●Single-use raincoats are available if it rains. However, please bring your own to reduce plastic use.

1. What do we know about Ayung River Rafting?

A．It’s an exciting guided adventure.

B．It helps to conserve the rainforest.

C．It offers unique insights into society.

D．It’s operated on the world’s fastest river.

2. What’s the charge for an Ayung River Rafting Group of 4 including Return Hotel Transfer?

A．IDR 430.

B．IDR 485.

C．IDR 1940.

D．IDR 2200.

3. What are the tourists advised to wear on a walk?

A．Swimsuits.

B．Strong shoes.

C．Raincoats.

D．Wet clothes.

6 . I often lock myself out. So, when I _________ into a studio apartment for my second year of school, I knew it would be wise to get to know my _________。

Ali, a law student, was my across-the-hall neighbor. Though I am generally a little _________, I introduced myself, “I’m Sophie. I just moved in. Do you think we could exchange phone numbers in case one of us gets _________?”

He agreed. A few days later, I received a _________ from him. “Hey, it’s Ali! I left a box of chocolates by your door.” Such kindness _________ through the highs and lows of school days. _________, he knocked and I saw the smiles on his face, but most of the time we _________ small gifts-stickers, baked goods, and the like.

Inspired by Ali’s _________ generosity, I decided to pass it on. I __________ a loaf of homemade bread outside Ali’s door, and a bowl of soup to a neighbor down the hall. __________, these neighbors __________ kind notes under my door, and greeted me warmly in the hallways. Now I’m in a new apartment for my final year of school and have roommates to let me in when I lose my __________, but I will always remember the __________ that a small act of __________ can make in others’ life.

1.

A．checked

B．moved

C．fitted

D．walked

2.

A．students

B．friends

C．neighbors

D．owners

3.

A．shy

B．confident

C．careful

D．nervous

4.

A．kicked out

B．sorted out

C．ruled out

D．locked out

5.

A．telegram

B．letter

C．message

D．present

6.

A．continued

B．suspended

C．returned

D．appeared

7.

A．Frequently

B．Occasionally

C．Normally

D．Typically

8.

A．opened

B．bought

C．borrowed

D．exchanged

9.

A．unrecognized

B．unexpected

C．unrecorded

D．unreported

10.

A．laid

B．threw

C．spread

D．served

11.

A．In short

B．In reality

C．In return

D．In general

12.

A．slid

B．compared

C．made

D．took

13.

A．boxes

B．phones

C．gifts

D．keys

14.

A．attempt

B．adaptation

C．difference

D．contact

15.

A．wisdom

B．kindness

C．justice

D．faith

7 . When it comes to choosing the best travel gifts, there are many options. No matter the occasion, or the traveler, we’ve rounded up some travel gifts from brands we love, so you can find something for you or your friends.

Ralph Lauren travel set

This Ralph Lauren travel set is a travel accessory (配件) you’ll use again and again. It comes with a small pillow, a soft eye mask and a large shawl that can be used as a blanket-all made from cashmere(羊绒).

$471 At Farfetch

$395 At Ralph Lauren

Canada Goose Trillium Parka

For winter travel, a thick, packable coat is a necessity. The Canada Goose Trillium parka is built for extreme cold but is by no means baggy, and actually has a slimming effect. It has a chin guard to protect the neck from cold air, inside pockets, and a removable jacket, giving your friends some style options.

$1, 650 At Canada Goose

Bellroy Tech Kit

Every organized traveler needs a good tech kit. We like Bellroy’s because it has many pockets that will fit any size wire and offer a safe place to store AirPods, portable chargers, and work-from-anywhere accessories like a mouse or Wi-Fi extender.

$59 At Amazon

$69 At Bellroy

Té Company Tea set

The Té Company Tea set is a perfect starter packet for those looking to expand their tea taste. It has seven different flavours and includes detailed instructions on the tea-making process to guide your friends toward the perfect cup.

$55 At Food52

$65 At eBay

1. What do the first two travel gifts have in common?

A．They are easy to remove.	B．They are made from cashmere.
C．They can keep people warm.	D．They help people look slimmer.

2. How much do you pay at least for a gift to keep electronics in order?

A．$55.

B．$59.

C．$65.

D．$69.

3. Who is the text intended for?

A．Travelers.

B．Tea lovers.

C．Salesmen.

D．Fashion designers.

8 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Bang. . !” Sara pushed the door open. She threw her school bag onto the floor and called out, “I’m home!” No answer. The house was silent. It sounded empty, but she knew it wasn’t. Her mum and dad were working upstairs.

Sara got a glass of orange juice, went into the conservatory (玻璃房) and sat down in her favourite chair. The garden was still in the dark afternoon. On one side, her mum’s garden was neat and tidy with boring short grass, boring straight flowerbeds and boring straight paths. But on the other side, Sara’s Nature Garden looked wild and exciting with big dead sunflowers and tall grasses.

“Nobody is interested in me. Mum and dad only think about their work,” she thought sadly.

Then she recalled: One month earlier, she learned in a magazine that many dogs were abandoned because their owners got bored with them; One hour earlier, she saw a cute dog wagging its tail and licking her friend’s face.

Sara knew today was special. Today things were changing. She couldn’t wait any longer. It’s time to talk to her parents.

So Sara got up from her chair and climbed all the way to the loft (阁楼). “Mum, I want a talk.” said Sara. “Just a minute!” Her mum clicked on the keyboard, took off her glasses and turned to her daughter. Sara coughed, took a deep breath, and told her mum that she wanted a dog. “No, Sara. That’s impossible,” her mum said firmly. Sara went to her father but got the same answer. She rushed into her room angrily and slammed the door shut.

Later, Sara’s mum knocked at the door and went in. “Darling, we know this is important to you. You can have a dog if you take the responsibility. But look at your Nature Garden, your school bag, your bedroom! What a mess! Do you think you can take good care of a dog?” said her mum.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Sara was lost in thought and decided to make some changes.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

With the dog’s company, Sara began her busy but joyful life.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In recent years, various regions in China     1     (take) advantage of their unique resources and developed a diverse and dynamic rural tourism industry according to local conditions. They have created     2     (innovate) development models, giving rise to a number of desirable rural tourism destinations. They have paved the way for Chinese rural development     3     combines culture and tourism, promotes harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and fights     4     both material and cultural prosperity (繁荣).

With different types and rich forms, rural tourism is     5     (gradual) becoming a new hotspot in the Chinese tourism market. The annual reception and the tourism revenue (收入) have seen significant growth,     6     (boost) the world’s tourism development.

For foreign tourists, visiting rural areas in China is not just about sightseeing, but an opportunity     7     (get) a view of Chinese culture and customs. The beautiful countryside in China holds     8     strong appeal for foreign visitors.

Nowadays, some foreign tourists have shown a     9     (prefer) for immersive experiences in rural areas, such as enjoying tea and traditional opera performances in rural villages in Zhejiang, watching face-changing and fire-spiting shows of Sichuan Opera in rural parks in Sichuan,     10     listening to folk songs in ethnic villages of Guangxi.

10 . Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs, or even building a bomb, suggesting that preventing such AI “jailbreaks” is more difficult than it seems.

Many publicly available large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination, or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers — things they have learned from humans via training data. But that hasn’t stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections, known as “jailbreaks”, making AI models disobey the rules.

Now, Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks. They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona (角色), which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse. This process is called “persona modulation (调节)”.

Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models comes from online conversations, and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs. By having the right conversation with a model, it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona, causing it to act differently.

There is also an idea in AI circles, one yet to be proven, that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that way. This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. “If you’re forcing your model to be good persona, it somewhat understands what a bad persona is,” says Tagade.

Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused, but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. “Like drugs, they also have side effects that need to be controlled,” she says.

1. What does the AI jailbreak refer to?

A．The technique to break restrictions of AI models.

B．The initiative to set hard-coded rules for AI models.

C．The capability of AI models improving themselves.

D．The process of AI models learning new information.

2. What can we know about the persona modulation?

A．It can help AI models understand emotions.

B．It prevents AI learning via online conversations.

C．It can make AI models adopt a particular persona.

D．It forces AI models to follow only good personas.

3. What is Yinzhen Li’s attitude towards LLMs?

A．Unclear.

B．Cautious.

C．Approving.

D．Negative.

4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A．LLMs: Illegal Learning Models	B．LLMs: The Latest Advancement
C．AI Jailbreaks: A New Challenge	D．AI Jailbreaks: A Perfect Approach