1 . From writing Shakespeare-style poetry to making music, ChatGPT has amazed he world since its launch in late 2022 by the US-based company OpenAI. It even passed several law exams in four courses at the Unlversity of Minnesota, US.

The AI program can answer questions on a whole host of topics and write essays, stories and any other written texts you can think of. It does this by drawing on information collected from a large corpus (语料库) of text data.

What makes ChatGPT so impressive? As Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI said n an interview, “It’s not actually a fundamentally new technology that made this (ChatGPT) have a moment.” According to MIT Technology Review, ChatGPT is based on GPT-3, a large language model. Because texts are more complex than the meaning of every word combined, language models require a type of neural network (神经网络) that can make sense of texts.

One breakthrough behind today’s model is a network called Transformer, which was invented by Google researchers in 2017. The neural network can infer word meanings by tracking where the word appears in a sentence. Transformer can therefore gather the meaning of texts more accurately.

The GPT models were built by OpenAI combined Transformer with unsupervised (无人指导的) learning, meaning that the models can learn by themselves without being told what to look at. ChatGPT can now generate human-like responses instantly due to the large scale (规模) of texts It made sense of and learned from.

“One of the biggest problems with ChatGPT is that it comes back, very confidently, with falsities,” Michael Wooldridge at the Alan Turing Institute in London, UK. This means that ChatGPT doesn’t know the truth about the world — it learns information from various resources but It cannot decide what is true or false. As for education, many US schools recently banned students from using ChatGPT on school networks because students began to use it as a shortcut for essays.

1. What aspect of ChatGPT is most impressive?

A．The neural network.	B．The large text database.
C．The ability to combine words.	D．The application of technology.

2. What is the key to ChatGPT’s response like humans?

A．Data-based communication.	B．Learning from masses of texts.
C．Human-guided machine learning.	D．Collecting texts for a large corpus.

3. What is the author’s attitude toward ChatGPT?

A．Supportive.

B．Confused.

C．Objective.

D．Confident.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Is ChatGPT a Good Translator?

B．Should ChatGPT be Banned at School?

C．Can ChatGPT Choose True Information?

D．Will ChatGPT be the Wonder of Modern Technology?

2 . The city-state of Dubai that is home to the world’s tallest building is fast improving its reputation as the city of the future. On May 22, Dubai officials added to their list of futuristic accomplishments with the introduction of the world’s first robot police officer.

Nicknamed Robocop after the 1987 action movie,the 1.7-meter tall humanoid (类人的) robot was introduced at the 4th annual Gulf Information Security Expo and Conference. First introduced in 2011 as REEM by Barcelona-based PAL Robotics, the robot was built to entertain guests at conferences and serve as an information booth at public places. However, the forward-thinking officials of the Dubai police force saw another potential application and partnered with the Spanish company to build a version that would help improve public safety.

Locals and visitors can get help from Lieutenant Robocop which is currently on duty at the Dubai Mall, using the touchscreen on its chest. Armed with technology from Google and IBM’s supercomputer Watson,the “policeman” can provide visitors with directions and other information regarding the mall in one of six languages, including Arabic and English and also accept payment for any fines, like parking tickets. It can also detect criminals with an 80 percent accuracy from 100-feet away and send the information real-time to command center through its camera eyes. While Robocop cannot physically protect people in trouble, an SOS button on its touchscreen can connect them to a human member of the Dubai police force instantly. When not assisting people or seeking out lawbreakers, Robocop brings smiles to people’s faces by posing for selfies or showering them with compliments.

Once the robot officer has been thoroughly tested, the Smart Services Department at Dubai Police plans to “hire” more Robocops to patrol (巡逻) other public areas and also act as receptionists at police stations.

1. Where does Robocop get its name?

A．From a movie.	B．At a conference.
C．From a building.	D．From Dubai officials.

2. What was the original purpose of Robocop?

A．To be officials’ partner.

B．To help guests in a company.

C．To serve in Dubai police stations.

D．To offer entertainment and information.

3. How can people communicate with Robocop?

A．By touching its screen.	B．By paying some money.
C．By asking the mall for permission.	D．By getting directions from a policeman.

4. How does Robocop react to lawbreaking?

A．It fines the lawbreakers.

B．It physically protects the victim.

C．It reports the situation to a policeman.

D．It sends an SOS message to the company.

3 . A nice warm cup of tea a day might keep glaucoma (青光眼) at bay,according to new research published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology.

Risk of developing glaucoma — one of the leading causes of blindness around the world that currently affects nearly 58 million people — might be lowered by drinking hot tea daily. The disease causes fluid to build up inside the eye that puts pressure onto the optic nerve (视神经). Previous research said that caffeine (咖啡因) might prevent this build-up but the new findings showed that drinking decaffeinated and caffeinated coffee, iced caffeinated tea and caffeinated sodas had no effect on glaucoma risk.

In the new study, researchers looked at the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the 2005 — 2006 year of 10,000 adults and children. The data is from interviews with the patients, their physical exams and blood tests. That specific year also included eye tests for glaucoma in 1678 adults and showed that about 5% had the disease. Those patients were asked how many caffeinated and decaffeinated drinks they consumed during that year and how often. The results of the questionnaire showed that those who drank hot tea daily were 74% less likely to develop glaucoma than their peers who didn’t.

“Tea has long been recognized to have various chemicals that contribute to lowering the risk of heart disease, cancer and diabetes,” the researchers said. But further study is needed to determine if things like the size of the cup,type of tea and length of brew (冲泡) time influence the results.

1. What can we learn about glaucoma?

A．It can be cured by drinking hot tea daily.

B．It is a great threat to people’s eyesight.

C．It affects nearly 58 million people yearly.

D．It is caused by too much pressure on the eyes.

2. What did previous research find?

A．Drinking coffee reduces glaucoma risk.

B．Iced tea has no effect on glaucoma risk.

C．Caffeine does good to glaucoma patients.

D．Caffeine causes fluid to build up in the eyes.

3. How was the new study carried out?

A．By interviewing patients.

B．By testing participants’ eyes.

C．By handing out questionnaires.

D．By studying data from previous studies.

4. What does the underlined phrase “those patients” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The 10,000 adults.	B．The 1,678 adults.
C．The 5% adults.	D．The 74% adults.