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阅读理解-阅读单选(约460词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了超声波的用途、影响及人们对它的危害的担心。

1 . The most commonly known use for ultrasound—high-frequency sound waves human ears can’t hear— is examining a fetus (胎儿) as a medical device during pregnancy. But there are plenty of other uses.

Many offices have occupancy sensors that use ultrasound to detect movements and keep the lights on when someone is in the space, and off when nobody is around. These sensors operate at frequencies such as 32 kilohertz, far above what the human ears can hear——which is a range from 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz.

Other products use ultrasound to deliver targeted sound, for instance allowing a museum to play a recording for visitors in one area of an exhibit without disturbing others nearby. Electronic repellents (驱虫剂) use ultrasound to keep rodents or insects at bay.

A similar product can even be used to disperse (驱散) teenagers; aging tends to reduce people’s ability to hear higher frequency sounds, so a noisemaker can annoy kids without adults even noticing. This has also let teens create smartphone ringtones their elders can’t hear.

Airborne ultrasound is not inherently (固有地) bad. But things can go wrong. A former colleague of Kevin’s used to hear strange sounds from his hearing aid when in rooms with occupancy sensors, likely because the hearing aid’s electronics improperly converted the ultrasound into audible noise. The noise was annoying, but not harmful. A similar problem tainted the research of one of our students, conducted in a room that, unbeknownst to him, had an ultrasonic room occupancy sensor in the ceiling.

One of us has conducted research in which carefully crafted ultrasonic signals secretly activate voice-control systems, even unlocking an iPhone with a silent “Hey, Siri” command, and telling it to make a FaceTime call.

Sound can also affect the physical world, as when a singer shatters a wine glass. Micro-electrical mechanical sensing chips—such as accelerometers used in car airbag systems and smartphones, and gyroscopes in drones—are susceptible to the same interference. Those systems can be attacked with sounds, crashing a drone mid-flight, or fooling a smartphone about whether it’s moving.

It’s well-known that sounds that are too loud can damage people’s ears and hearing. However, there’s little evidence of ultrasound causing bodily harm without prolonged, direct physical contact at high intensity. If you are accidentally subjected to extremely intense ultrasound (such as when holding an ultrasonic arc welder), you could experience an annoyance like a headache or a temporary loss of balance.

The US Occupational Safety and Health Administration warns of potential health risks from audible subharmonic by-products of ultrasound, so more than the ultrasound itself.

1. According to the passage, what happens as people get older?
A.They can hear sounds of frequency of 32 kilohertz.
B.They can hear sounds of frequencies which are lower than 20 hertz.
C.Their ears become duller and even completely deaf to high-frequency sounds.
D.They can hear noise that annoys a large number of kids.
2. What do Paragraphs 5 and 6 mainly talk about?
A.Electronic devices can perform human commands.
B.Ultrasound has a clear effect on the physical world.
C.Both ultrasound and human-audible sounds can affect electronics.
D.The hearing aid’s electronics don’t change the ultrasound into audible noise.
3. What attitude do academics hold towards safe levels of airborne ultrasound?
A.Optimistic.
B.Worried.
C.Confused.
D.Reserved.
4. Which diagram correctly shows how the passage is developed?
A.B.
C.D.
2023-04-12更新 | 25次组卷 | 3卷引用:2019年新课标Ⅰ卷高考真题变式题(阅读理解D)
阅读理解-阅读单选(约130词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:这是一篇应用文。文章是两则广告,一则是租房广告,一则是留学课程广告。

2 . Advertisement 1

Now available at Franklin Park one block from Indiana University. New unfurnished flat bedroom at $135, two bedrooms at $165, three bedrooms at $195 per month. Utilities include gas, electricity and water. Children and small pets are welcome. One month’s deposit required. Office opens through Saturday nine to five. Welcome for an evening or Sunday appointment.

Advertisement 2

SHEFFIELD

LINCOLN COLLEGE OF ENGLISH

Classes for foreign students at all levels

3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course   Open all year

Small class (maximum 12 students)

Library, language laboratory and listening center

Accommodation with selected families

25 minutes from London

Course fees for English for one year are£1,380 with reduction for shorter periods of study.

1. From Advertisement 1, we can suppose _____.
A.gas and water bills are included in the rentB.the flats have furniture in them
C.the flats are far from Indiana UniversityD.cats and dogs are not permitted in the flats
2. Advertisement 1 suggests that persons who are interested in the flats must _____.
A.see the flats on Monday or Saturday
B.call for an appointment if they want to see the flats from nine to five Monday through Saturday
C.call for an appointment if they want to see the flats on Sunday or in the evening
D.see the flats before five o’clock during weekdays
3. While you stay in Lincoln College of English, _______ will take care of you.
A.the school where you studyB.your classmates
C.the family you have chosenD.your own parents
2023-04-11更新 | 35次组卷 | 5卷引用:2019年新课标Ⅰ卷高考真题变式题(阅读理解A)
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文为一篇说明文。文章分析了切洋葱时会让人流泪的原因和解决的办法。

3 . Although onions taste delicious, watering eyes come with the process when you cut them up. Thankfully, Good Housekeeping has suggested some tips for preventing yourself from crying while trying to cut up an onion.

According to the findings from an institute, putting onions in a fridge for 30 minutes before cutting it can prevent the annoying hurt, as the cold stops the tear-jerking (催泪的) gas from being produced.

Another way to reduce the gas released by the onion is to put it in water for a while. Good Housekeeping recommends:“Cut the end off the onion and then put it straight into a bowl of water. The water will draw the acid, making you shed less tears when you cut it.”

When an onion grows, it mixes with sulfur (硫) in the soil to create a special mineral acid. When the onion is cut into pieces, it reacts and creates a gas. As it reaches your face, this annoying gas causes the eyes to produce tears.

The root is where the gases are most concentrated, so it is recommended that this part of the onion be left on as you cut it to avoid uncomfortable eyes. Do this by cutting the vegetable in half down the middle to create a flat surface. Then, place the onion with its flat surface down and cut it towards the root.

Also, to reduce the gas’s effect on your eyes, cut it next to a window or near a fan so the gas is blown away from your face. And take care to use a sharp knife; this will make it easier to move through the vegetable, causing fewer cells to be broken and fewer gases to be released as a result.

1. Refrigerating the onion before cutting it can    .
A.change its taste
B.make it easier to cut up
C.avoid the appearing of the gas
D.help the gases mix more quickly
2. From the fourth paragraph, what happens when the onion is cut up?
A.Some mineral acid is lost.
B.The tear mixture is created.
C.The sulfur inside it pours out.
D.A chemical reaction produces a gas.
3. Where is this passage most probably taken from?
A.A health column.
B.A science journal.
C.A fashion magazine.
D.A food guidebook.
4. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A.To offer an explanation and advice.
B.To conduct an investigation and analysis(分析).
C.To have a discussion and draw a conclusion.
D.To give a presentation and make a comparison.
2023-04-10更新 | 45次组卷 | 5卷引用:2019年新课标Ⅰ卷高考真题变式题(阅读理解D)
阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两位英国老师为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美洲的基层教育项目,历经千辛万苦环游世界的故事。

4 . Two British teachers have broken the world record for the longest journey in a tuk-tuk after pulling their failing vehicle for 43 miles. Richard Sears and Nick Gough traveled 37,500 kilometers around the world and passed through 37 countries. They did this to support grassroots education project in Africa, Asia and South America.

The pair, who set off from London, thought their expedition was over when the vehicle started to fail. When the tuk-tuk broke, they were only 70 kilometers from their destination. They decided to pull it the rest of the way. The tuk-tuk, which weighs 800 kilograms, was pulled in turns by Richard and Nick over three days. On arrival in Chepen, Peru, they discovered a mechanic who specialized in tuk-tuks and managed to fix it.

The pair were back on the road and aiming for their next goal. Along their journey they had to tackle deserts and jungles. They also survived close encounters with elephants in Uganda and Botswana and an accident in Malaysia. The greatest hardship on the tuk-tuk was the mountain ranges lying in their path, including the Alps, the Himalayas and the Andes.

Nick and Richard uncovered some inspirational projects across Africa, Asia and South America. They witnessed firsthand the educational challenges facing these areas today. They joined street children in the slums of Cairo, Khartoum, Kampala, Mumbai and Phnom Penh. They visited Congolese refugees (难民) in camps in Eastern Burundi. They witnessed how education could free sex-workers in Delhi and victims of human trafficking in Nepal.

The pair established the Tuk-Tuk Educational Trust, a U.K. registered charity.

Talking about their motivation, Richard said, “The world’s leaders have made a commitment to achieving universal primary education but in spite of this pledge (承诺), over 57 million primary-aged children worldwide are still out of school; many more are in school, though still cannot access quality learning opportunities.”

1. Why did the two teachers travel the world?
A.To support an education project.
B.To create a new world record.
C.To entertain themselves.
D.To challenge themselves.
2. How far did the two teachers pull the tuk-tuk each day on average?
A.A little more than 23 kilometers.
B.About 14 miles.
C.43 miles.
D.70 kilometers.
3. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A.How they realized their next goal.
B.Their exciting experience on the road.
C.The beautiful scenery of famous mountains.
D.The difficulties and dangers they faced in the journey.
4. Which of the following best describes the two teachers?
A.Curious and brave.
B.Humorous and generous.
C.Courageous and responsible.
D.Efficient and honest.
2023-04-07更新 | 191次组卷 | 17卷引用:山东省青岛市胶州市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约220词) | 容易(0.94) |
文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍暑期适合青少年和儿童参加的有趣的历险夏令营活动。

5 . Welcome to SummerCamps.com; find and book the very best summer camps. Your children are precious so we offer the highest quality of camps that will meet each child’s interests in challenging and exciting camp activities. All the camps feature outdoor recreation and adventure, which make sure the activities are fun, engaging and meaningful.

Catalina Sea Camp

Sea Camp offers three one-week sessions to boys and girls aged 8-13 and two three-week sessions to teens aged 12-17. Our hand-picked instructors create an atmosphere of fun and excitement while leading campers to a host of ocean adventures, marine (海洋的) biology, and social summer camp activities.

Address: Toyon Way, San Bruno, California 94066

Phone: 800-645-1423

Camp Rockmont

Camp Rockmont is a Christian summer camp for boys, aged 6-16, in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Rockmont’s duty of developing boys into healthy young men is accomplished through age-appropriate skills, activities, and challenges that help campers to know themselves better.

Address: 375 Lake Eden Road, Black Mountain, North Carolina 28711

Phone: 828-686-3885

Primitive Pursuits Overnight Camps

Primitive Pursuits Overnight Camps offer week-long Summer Adventure Overnight Camps in New York’s Finger Lakes to your children aged 11-15. Campers experience a week of nature-based skills training, inspiring challenges, and fun activities under the instruction of skilled instructors.

Address: 611 County Rd 13, Van Etten, New York 14889

Phone: 607-272-2292

1. What is special about Camp Rockmont?
A.It’s targeted at older boys.B.It needs professional skills to accomplish the tasks.
C.It is a camp related to religion.D.It is accomplished outdoors.
2. Who is the text most likely intended for?
A.Campers.B.Educators.C.Children.D.Parents.
3. What do these three camps have in common?
A.Each camp holds adventurous activities for the campers.
B.Children can stay in each camp for more than one week.
C.Each camp allows boys and girls of more than 6 years old to join in.
D.Children need to solve all the problems by themselves in each camp.
2023-04-06更新 | 347次组卷 | 8卷引用:2019年新课标Ⅱ卷高考真题变式题(阅读理解A)
阅读理解-阅读单选(约520词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了作者认为科学可以与艺术相结合,并通过列举事实证明了这一点。

6 . At a museum in Vietnam, Lena Bui’s film Where Birds Dance Their Last reflected on the beauty and vulnerability of Vietnamese feather farms after Bird Flu. During a festival in Rwanda, Ellen Reid’s audio experience Soundwalk was shared in a hopeful discussion about music, parks and mental health. These are a few of the things I have helped bring to life over the years, working at the intersection of scientific research, the arts and advocacy to support science in solving global health challenges.

Science is key to addressing these issues. But it isn’t the only key. To achieve its potential and for its advances to be implemented and reach all who could benefit, science depends on trust and good relationships. People might not always see science as relevant, trustworthy or meaningful to their lives. There are reasons why some see science as having a chequered past, from nuclear weapons to eugenics, and are therefore uninterested in, or suspicious of, what it proposes. Others feel excluded by the incomprehensibility of hyper specialist knowledge.

In its capacity to build upon and test an evidence base, science is powerful, but researchers and funders haven’t been as good at ensuring this evidence base responds to the needs and interests of diverse communities, or informs policy makers to take action. Science might be perceived as distancing itself from the personal, the poetic and the political, yet it is precisely these qualities that can be most influential when it comes to public interest in atopic or how a government prioritizes a decision.

A moving story well told can be more memorable than a list of facts. This is where the arts come in. Artists can give us different perspectives with which to consider and reimagine the world together. They can redress the proclaimed objectivity in science by bringing stories —subjectivities —into the picture, and these can help foster a sense of connection and hope.

In 2012, I set up artist residencies in medical research centres around the world. Bui was attached to the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit in Vietnam. The head of the research team was delighted, finding that Bui, as a Vietnamese artist, had license to be in, and to share useful insights from, villages where infectious disease researchers weren’t welcome. Six years later, I led Wellcome’s Contagious Cities program, which established artist residencies worldwide to support locally led explorations of epidemic preparedness. The recent pandemic made this work more noticeable, and has informed our Mindscapes program which is currently sharing experiences of mental health through the work of artists.

With pandemic, climate and mental health crises upon us, rising inequality and what feels like an increasingly broken world, never has there been more need to build and nurture hopeful and imaginative spaces to grow human connection and shared purpose for the common good. Science and the arts can work hand in glove to achieve this.

1. The author lists two works in Paragraph 1 mainly to ______.
A.reveal the gap between science and artB.prove his competence in both science and art
C.introduce successful science-related artworksD.show that science can be promoted in art forms
2. What does the underlined word “chequered” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Recent and remote.B.Good and bad.
C.Usual and unusual.D.Peaceful and scary.
3. Which of the following would the author agree?
A.Policy-makers base their decisions on science.B.Researchers popularize science effectively.
C.Science is well received among the public.D.The arts help people build connections.
4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.The Value of the Arts to ScienceB.Where Do Science and the Arts Meet?
C.A New Way to Fight Pandemic—the ArtsD.Which Matters More, Science or the Arts?
阅读理解-阅读单选(约280词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了彩色餐巾和食物之间的关系。

7 . Sometimes picking the right music or lighting for a dinner date can be daunting, but research suggests you should be focusing on the color of your napkins too.

A new report examining the relationship between colored napkins and the flavor of food found that color is a powerful contributor. The report reveals which colors pair best with which dishes to help give your dinners that extra bit of flavor. Napkin brand Tork partnered with Swedish food stylist and chef, Linda Lundgren, who paired dishes with a range of colored napkins.

She told trade magazine The Caterer: “How do you make a strawberry mousse sweeter and richer-tasting? The answer isn’t more strawberries and sugar. Instead, try serving the dish with a coral pink napkin. The color actually increases the perception of sweetness and decreases bitterness, making it perfect for desserts.”

“The experiments found that aqua blue napkins enhance the flavor of eggs and Indian food. This is because it brings out orange and yellow as contrast colors and makes the dishes seem less salty,” Ms Lundgren said.

Coral pink helps to decrease the bitterness of dishes like grapefruit and makes meals taste sweeter, while pink or rose red work best with desserts.

Mustard yellow helps to improve the flavor of green dish such as sprouts and salads, as well as tart flavors including fish and sea food. Anthracite grey helps to contrast the tones of lighter colored table settings and meals, meaning grey napkins give Mediterranean food a richer taste.

1. What color napkins would you choose if your guest comes from India?
A.Yellow.B.Blue.C.Pink.D.Grey.
2. Which one is not the colored napkins’ function?
A.To make you not hungry.B.To enhance the flavor of eggs.
C.To decrease the perception of bitterness.D.To increase the perception of sweetness.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A.How to make napkins colorful.
B.The importance of colors.
C.The relationship between colored napkins and the flavor of food.
D.Colored napkins can increase sweetness.
4. The passage mainly tells us the relationship between _______.
A.colored napkins and foodB.music and food
C.lighting and foodD.environment and food
2023-04-03更新 | 48次组卷 | 3卷引用:2019年新课标Ⅰ卷高考真题变式题(阅读理解D)
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中(0.65) |
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8 . My teacher held up a piece of broken glass and asked, “Who broke this window?”

Thirty boys tried to think about not only what they had done, but also what the teacher might have found out. She seldom became angry, but she was this time.

“Oh,” I thought. I was the one who broke the window. It was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball. If I admitted guilt, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didn’t even get an allowance. “My father is going to have a fit as a result of it,” I thought. I didn’t want to raise my hand, but some force much stronger than I was pulled it skyward (朝向天空). I told the truth, “I did it.” It was hard enough to say what I had done.

My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I had never known my teacher to strike a student, but I feared she was going to start with me.

“I know how much you like birds,” she said as she stood looking down at my guilt-ridden face. “Here is the field guide about birds that you are constantly checking out. It is yours now. It’s time we got a new one for the school anyway. You will not be punished, but remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed (恶行), but I am rewarding you for your truthfulness.”

I couldn’t believe it! I wasn’t being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide — the very one that I had been saving up money to buy.

The lesson my teacher taught me stays with me every day, and it will echo forever.

1. From the story, we can learn that the boy             .
A.didn’t break the window on purpose
B.lacked the courage to admit his guilt
C.tried to think about what he had done
D.didn’t know what the teacher had found out
2. If the boy admitted guilt, he thought he would NOT           .
A.be punished by the teacher
B.make his father angry
C.pay for the broken window
D.get a bird field guide
3. Which of the following best describes the changes in the boy’s feelings?
A.Afraid—Surprised—Thankful.
B.Frightened—Amazed—Proud.
C.Regretful—Guilty—Excited.
D.Nervous—Afraid—Satisfied.
4. What is the lesson the boy’s teacher taught him?
A.Every coin has two sides.
B.Honesty is always valued.
C.Bad luck never comes alone.
D.You can’t be too careful.
2023-03-31更新 | 32次组卷 | 26卷引用:北京市北京四中2019-2020学年高一学期期中英语试题
阅读理解-七选五(约230词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了关于孩子带手机这个问题的支持者和反对者的理由。

9 . Many kids and teenagers have cell phones in their hands. However, is it really necessary for them to have phones at school? Here are the pros and cons.

Pros

They can get in touch when necessary. The main benefit of having a phone is that your children can get in touch with you whenever they need to.    1    They can call the emergency services if necessary. If your children are in immediate danger, they can use their phones to call not only you but the emergency services. This is of great benefit and could potentially save your children’s lives.

    2    As long as your children remember to do this, their phones won’t cause distraction in class. Giving them a standard instead of a smartphone will also reduce the risk of distraction.

Cons

The latest smartphones can almost double as a computer. It means they offer far more of a distraction to kids than they used to.    3    All these characteristics could disturb your children’s concentration if they play with them in class.

Cell phones could interrupt lessons. Many children, even though they are asked to do so, forget to turn off their phones during lessons and their phones may make sounds.    4     Besides the distraction problem, cell phones can also be used to look up answers on the Internet.    5     The possibility of children having access to these during exams could be attractive for them.

A.Cell phones can be turned off or put on mute.
B.Children use ordinary phones instead of smartphones.
C.This allows you to feel they are safe.
D.Without cell phones, campus life would be less colourful.
E.They have some other functions — a calculator and the ability to save notes.
F.This not only annoys other pupils, but also prevents them from learning well.
G.Nowadays, children can not only text and make calls with their phones, but also play games, surf the Internet and listen to music.
2019高三上·全国·专题练习
阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公众科学的益处——它寻找新的解决方法并让学生们爱上科学。

10 . As a kid, Joanna Buckley wasn’t interested in science—until she had a chance to try it. That happened when she got a chemistry set as a gift.

“Over the course of a few weeks, I’d completed every experiment. But in the process, I polluted my parent’s dining room carpet and burnt the kitchen worktop with the spirit burner,” she says.

Now science is Buckley’s job. She works in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Sheffield in England. “I realize, first­hand, how important it is to have something or someone to show you why science is so great, ” she says. Now the good news is that citizen science appears.

Citizen science takes the fun of experimenting a step further than Buckley’s at­-home experiments. That’s because these experiments are real, looking for novel answers.

“Compared with a one­off experiment, what’s cool about citizen science is that students get that this has a purpose,” says Amy Prunuske, who teaches microbiology and immunology at a medical college. “Students want to do a good job, because they know scientists are going to use the new data in their own research.”

Jennifer Long’s job is to coordinate (协调) education and outreach. She agrees with Prunuske. “Kids like that it’s real. And they like that it’s important, and that it matters.” Citizen science projects have made big discoveries. One found a previously unknown galaxy cluster (星系团). Another project helped assess how much damage a big earthquake had caused in Japan. And one of the first citizen science projects helped scientists learn where monarch butterflies go every winter.

Some adults worry about teens losing interest in science. They hope that fun, exciting citizen science projects can help them keep engaged, Long says. And she has some evidence that it’s working. “Last year, we did have a couple of students say, ‘I really think I want to be a scientist now’. ”

1. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2?
A.To show experiments can make teens interested in science.
B.To prove failure is the mother of success in science.
C.To state that Buckley has a talent for science.
D.To praise Buckley for her strong will.
2. Why is citizen science more fun?
A.It needs to seek for new solutions.B.It carries out experiments frequently.
C.It must carry out experiments in groups.D.It is supposed to handle complex problems.
3. What can we know from what Prunuske said?
A.She participated in the experiment.B.She took pride in what students took up.
C.Citizen science is popular with students.D.Scientists are willing to employ students.
4. What is Long’s attitude towards citizen science?
A.Concerned.B.Supportive.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.
2023-03-27更新 | 120次组卷 | 10卷引用:2020届高三《新题速递·英语》12月第03期+考点01阅读理解
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