Tobacco use and its negative impacts on health have been well-documented for decades. Traditional tobacco products, such as cigarettes, have been     1     to a wide range of health problems, including cancer, heart disease, respiratory (呼吸的) disorders and others. According to a survey, 78.3 percent of smokers start smoking before age 20. Taiwan Province of China has raised the     2     smoking age to 20 or above. By instituting this change, they hope to reduce the number of young people taking up the habit.

Despite being     3     as a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes, heated tobacco products (HTPs) are still considered tobacco. As such, they pose significant dangers to human health. The heating     4     used in these products releases harmful chemicals and poisons, including tar (焦油), carbon monoxide and nicotine, a(n)     5     addictive substance.

HTPs are packaged to appeal to young people who perceive them as safer than smoking. To prevent young people from experimenting with HTPs and     6     their health, Taiwan Province strictly controls every kind of tobacco product by adding a health risk     7     review mechanism. Only products that pass the review process are allowed to be manufactured, imported and sold to consumers.

The innumerable downsides to smoking should give smokers     8     and encourage them to quit. Quitting tobacco improves your health and reduces your risk of various diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and breathing problems. Quitting smoking can also improve your     9    . Tobacco use can cause wrinkles and yellow teeth. Quitting can lead to healthier skin, whiter teeth and fresher breath. Smoking can also dull your senses of taste and smell. By stopping tobacco use, your senses recover, leading to enhanced enjoyment of food and beverages.

Unfortunately, quitting tobacco isn't easy. Most people will also encounter numerous challenges including nicotine withdrawal and symptoms such as eagerness, irritability (易怒) and difficulty concentrating. Supportive social environments, coping strategies and professional help are     10     for overcoming these things and living a smoke-free life.

SpaceX’s Future Depends on a Gigantic Rocket and 42,000 Internet Satellites

Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX) is an American aerospace manufacturer and space transport services company with its headquarters in Hawthorne, California, USA. It was     1     in 2002 by former PayPal entrepreneur and Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk with the goal of creating the technologies to reduce space transportation costs and enable the     2     of Mars.

It has developed the Falcon 1 and Falcon 9 launch vehicles, both of which were designed from conception to     3     become reusable. It has also developed the Dragon spacecraft which is     4     into orbit (轨道) by the Falcon 9 launch vehicle to supply the International Space Station(ISS) with cargo.

SpaceX wants to use its Starship rocket for the kind of voyages to Mars and beyond that Elon Musk has long dreamed of     5     .

Starship also forms an important foundation of the future business     6     at his space company, which wants to use the vehicle in part to build out Starlink, the satellite-internet service many investors believe could in the end form the bulk of the company’s revenue (收入).

SpaceX faces steep challenges in     7     Starship into a reusable rocket that would sharply drive down launch costs. Mr. Musk recently said the ship takes up more of his time than any other single     8     , and warned the vehicle, along with the Internet service, is posing significant challenges for the company.

Starship stands 160 feet tall and has a diameter of 30 feet, creating room to send hundreds of Starlink satellites to orbit at once, more than the several dozen it is able to deploy (部署) right now on one of its Falcon 9 rockets.

The company plans to     9     boost the pace of satellite launches in the years ahead. The Federal Communications Commission has     10     SpaceX to launch around 12,000 satellites, but the company wants to add at least around 30,000 more. Mr. Musk unveiled Starlink in 2015, aiming to develop a network of smaller satellites in a low orbit around Earth that could provide high-speed internet access around the world.

An entirely new art form is developing. This art form goes beyond     1     giving viewers one thing to look at. Instead, it surrounds them with images and sounds. This usually takes the form of rooms where music plays and images are     2     onto walls, changing when visitors interact with them. Sometimes pleasant smells are added to draw people in through yet another sense. These rooms are known as immersive (沉浸式的) exhibits because they seek to involve viewers completely.

The most famous company     3     immersive exhibits is called teamLab. What this company does is draw on people with a huge range of skill sets: artists, engineers,     4     and even mathematicians. All of these skills are necessary to produce the complex immersive exhibits teamLab is known for. Much of the company’s art is based on nature. This is a(n)     5     choice as their goal is to help people feel more connected to the rest of the world. This goal reflects some traditional Asian philosophies, which makes sense because teamLab is a Japanese company. TeamLab’s philosophy states that it seeks to transcend (超越) the     6     that people have set up to separate them from other things.

Other companies are also developing immersive exhibitions     7     at providing entertainment, education or both. For example, American company Imagine Exhibitions has designed over 40 exhibitions, which combine art, lighting, textures, scents and more. Physical objects are carefully selected and placed throughout the exhibits to add to their realism. The topics of their exhibits     8     from the history of ancient Egypt to nature to TV shows and games such as Angry Birds.

Immersive exhibits maybe a new development, but they are     9     by older art forms. Some immersive exhibits are even apparently about the work of artists who worked in other media, such as the painter Vincent van Gogh. Even those who do not reference other artists so clearly are often influenced by older art styles. And many of the immersive exhibits also     10     some form of music.

By combining skills and technologies in creative ways, teams are developing new ways for people to experience art.

Disney parks and movies never fail to capture my imagination! I was a child when I first experienced the Jungle Cruise ride at Disneyland. The boat and the scenery looked so real! I expected danger and excitement around every     1     of the river.

The ride was partly based on a series of Disney nature films called True-life Adventures. Plant specialist Morgan “Bill” Evans completely changed an area of Disneyland into a realistic-looking jungle. Walt Disney had ideas for the ride and     2     wanted to include real animals. But after much discussion, animal experts     3     Disney that mechanical animals would be more     4    . The ride, a fan favorite, can now be found in four of the world’s Disney parks.

In the past, many of Disney’s amusement park rides were inspired by Disney movies. But, this is not the case for Jungle Cruise. The popular ride has inspired a soon-to-be-released movie with the same name. The film     5     one of the world’s biggest stars, Dwayne Johnson. His co-star is the very talented Emily Blunt.

Jungle Cruise is the fourth Disney film for both Johnson and Blunt. Yet they weren’t the first choices for their parts in the movie. In 2011, it was     6     that Tom Hanks and Tim Allen would star in the film. By 2015 the plans had changed, and Dwayne Johnson was cast in Jungle Cruise. Emily Blunt joined the cast in 2018.

Dwayne Johnson plays Frank, a riverboat captain who knows the river better than anyone else. Emily Blunt’s     7    , Lily, is a scientist. She’s in search of a tree that is widely believed to possess     8     powers.

Johnson describes Lily as “the female version of Indiana Jones." Frank is actually a lot more     9     and only cares about his money and his cat. Everything changes when Lily convinces him to take her and her brother on a dangerous mission. As Johnson describes it, the journey is "the adventure of a lifetime!”

I can’t wait to experience the adventure of watching Disney’s long-awaited Jungle Cruise. Watching it in theaters will bring me back to the     10     of visiting Disneyland as a child.

Ernest Hemingway was a commanding figure in 20th-century literature. He began the original     1    of his first novel, “The Sun Also Rises,” which he finished in just nine weeks during the summer of 1925. Through his    2     with F. Scott Fitzgerald, Hemingway’s work came to the notice of Charles Scribner publishers, who published “The Sun Also Rises” in 1926. This was Hemingway’s breakthrough, proving to be both a commercial and critical success. It ushered in a new writing style for which the world was more than ready. However, not everyone was     3    .

In 1929, Fitzgerald also suggested numerous revisions for “A Farewell to Arms.” Hemingway took some of these, but less     4    , and soon afterward his friendship with Fitzgerald came to an end.

As Hemingway’s start elevated, his private life began to be revealed. He had frequent fallings out with his literary pals as he started to     5     the role of the master to their apprenticeships. His temper was volcanic and would sometimes lead to fist fights.

In 1937, he made the decision to     6     the Spanish Civil War. Hemingway arrived in Spain as a reporter for the American newspaper Alliance. His months in Spain provided the     7     for Hemingway’s best-selling novel about the civil war, “For Whom the Bell Tolls”.

During the late 1940’s Hemingway’s excessive drinking began to take a toll on his physical and mental health. For the first time, the quality of his writing began to suffer, which was hugely frustrating for him. For the first time Hemingway felt the sting of literary rejection. However, he completed his next novel in just 8 weeks. “The Old Man and the Sea” became the     8     work of his career, silencing the critics and     9     the 1953 Pulitzer Prize for Literature.

In 1960, he was     10     to the Mayo Clinic and given electroshock therapy to treat his depression. This robbed the master wordsmith of his greatest writing tool – his memory. Ernest Hemingway committed suicide with his favorite hunting rifle on July 2, 1961.

Sense of smell is our most rapid warning system

“The human avoidance response to unpleasant smells associated with danger has long been seen as a    1     perceivable process, but our study shows for the first time that it’s unconscious and extremely rapid,” says the study’s first author Behzad Iravani, researcher at the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet.

The organ relating to the sense of smell takes up about five per cent of the human brain and enables us to    2    between many million different smells. A large proportion of these smells are associated with a threat to our health and    3    , such as that of chemicals and rotten food. Smell signals reach the brain within 100 to 150 milliseconds after being breathed in through the nose.

The survival of all living organisms depends on their ability to avoid danger and seek    4    . In humans, the smell sense seems particularly important for detecting and reacting to    5    harmful substance.

It has long been a mystery just which sensory systems are involved in the change of an unpleasant smell into avoidance behavior in humans. Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have now    6    a method that for the first time has made it possible to measure signals from the human smell organ, which processes smells and in turn can    7    signals to parts of the brain that control movement and avoidance behavior.

Their    8     are based on three experiments in which participants were asked to rate their   experience of six different smells, some positive, some negative, while the electrophysiological activity of the smell organ when    9    to each of the smells was measured.

“It was clear that the organ reacts specifically and    10    to negative smells and sends a direct signal to the outer layer of the organ within about 300 ms,” says the study’s last author Johan Lundström. ” The signal causes the person to unconsciously lean back and away from the source of the smell.”

Su Xiao, 49, and Xu Guangchun, 42, are like-minded souls on the streets of Beijing, checking surveillance cameras and     1     passersby, with a near-constant barrage of calls on their phones.

They are on the lookout for senior citizens with Alzheimer's disease, a hard-hitting disease that can easily     2     a patient's memory and other major mental functions.

Seven years ago, Su and Xu co-founded the Beijing Voluntary Emergency Rescue Service Center, which     3     a public welfare campaign to help families find their lost elders in 2016.

Su, an outdoor sports lover, is a seasoned mountain rescue     4    . On New Year's Day of 2016, he was on his way to a nearby ski resort where he ran into a listless and pale elderly woman who was holding a sack and     5     in the cold under a bridge.

She was mumbling, saying that she was about to buy noodles for her son, and this    6     Su of his grandmother, an Alzheimer's patient.

Su reported the situation to the police and they found a scrap of paper with a     7     number in her pocket. It turned out that days had passed since she lost contact with her her family and she had traveled more than 40 kilometers from her home in southwestern Beijing to an unfamiliar neighborhood in the east of the city.

According to statistics     8     by a white paper released in 2016 by the Zhongmin Social Assistance Institute, about 500,000 senior citizens get lost each year, with about 80 percent over the age of 65. Alzheimer's disease is one of the top reasons for them going missing.

Su and his rescue team watch surveillance videos first to sort out clues before further rescue efforts, and rely on the elderly person's experiences in their childhood and youth as clues when looking for them.

He once managed to find an 80-year-old along a river in a suburb of Beijing,     9     on the elderly person's childhood life experience of living on a riverboat.

The youngest person they have found was in their late 40s, Su said, adding that patients aged under 60 are difficult for family members and other people to spot, not to mention those who dismiss the illness as ominous and are     10     to confide in their neighbors, relatives or friends.

Su and Xu's "lost and found" service has sent more than 320 elderly back home safe and sound. More than 500 volunteers, including some family members of people they have found, have joined the rescue team.

"The farther we walk, the closer the lost elders get to their homes," Su said.