1 . 下面两段短文节选自课文，请严格按照课文内容填入适当的词语，否则不得分。

It was John’s quick action and knowledge of    1     that saved Ms. Slade’s life. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could     2    any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. John used these to treat the most    3     to Ms. Slade’s hands. He slowed the    4     by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and    5    arrived.

2 . 下面两段短文节选自课文，请严格按照课文内容填入适当的词语，否则不得分。

I still cannot believe that I am     1     this prize that I won last year. I have to remind myself     2    that I am really in AD 3008.     3    the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. As a result, I     4     “time lag”. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your    5    time period.

3 . 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号相应位置。

China, which takes pride in four inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability    1     (change) the world with its “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payment, shared bicycles and online shopping．

So far the “new four great inventions”    2     (improve) the quality of people’s lives greatly. Thanks to online shopping and mobile payment, people can buy    3    they want simply with a tap of the phone within doors. High-speed trains have shortened the journey from Zhuhai to the provincial capital city Guangzhou to half an hour. As for the bikes, they themselves are not new. It is the operating model of bike-sharing    4    (base) on satellite navigation (导航) system, mobile payment as well as big data    5    has surprised the world. Shared bicycles are bringing cycling back     6     people’s lives and they are making public transport more    7    (attract).

It is    8    (increase) clear that China is no longer copying western ideas and is leading in many new ways.     9    growing number of foreign companies hope to promote the development in their home country by highlighting the need for technological achievements like that of China. How     10     (amaze) the new four inventions are!

4 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

“Okay,” said our teacher, Mrs. Woodland：“It’s time for the gift exchange.” I was actually a little excited. I knew what a lot of the girls had brought, and any of those gifts would be great, especially my best friend Sara’s. She had made some candy and put it in this super cute bear mug（马克杯）.

Mrs. Woodland had us put our gifts on our classroom table. Then we opened the gifts like a game. We each drew numbers and we got to the table and chose a wrapped（包装好的） gift when our number was called. But we didn’t necessarily have to. We could take a gift from somebody else that had already had their number called—if we thought we’d like that gift better than the wrapped ones.

When it was my turn, I didn’t take a wrapped gift from the table. And I didn’t take Sara’s either though I really wanted to. I took the perfume（香水） Megan had brought instead. I didn’t have enough money to get Mom something special, but the perfume was really nice. She might really like it.

I was busy thinking about the perfume and whether Mom would like it or not when there was a big commotion（嘈杂）. It had been Hannah’ s turn to choose. She was the last one. And unsurprisingly, she didn’t go for the last wrapped gift on the table. Instead, she’d taken Sara’s gift from Lauren. Well, that meant Lauren had to take the wrapped gift. She looked a little upset when she got to the table. Everyone knew the last gift was from Kali. That was why no one had chosen it. Kali was really poor. And she always brought gifts that no one ever wanted. This time, she brought a pair of old—fashioned crocheted potholders（编织的防烫套垫）！

“I don’t want these,” Lauren whined（哀怨）.“I want my candy back.”

“No way,” Hannah protested, keeping the mug of chocolate out of Lauren’s reach.

“Then I want Megan’s perfume.” Lauren came over to take my perfume. “Come on, Melanie, trade with me.”

Paragraph 1：

Mrs. Woodland advised me to trade with Lauren since I had always been kind.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2：

“Here,” I said to my mom after I got home, handing her the potholders. “They are an early New Year gift.”

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . For years, the U.S. has experienced a shortage of registered nurses. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that while the number of nurses will increase by 19 percent by 2022, demand will grow faster than supply, and that there will be over one million unfilled nursing jobs by then.

So what's the solution? Robots.

Japan is ahead of the curve when it comes to this trend. Toyohashi University of Technology has developed Terapio, a robotic medical cart that can make hospital rounds, deliver medications and other items. It follows a specific individual, such as a doctor or nurse, who can use it to record and access patient data. This type of robot will likely be one of the first to be implemented in hospitals because it has fairly minimal patient contact.

A robot's appearance affects its ability to successfully interact with humans, which is why the RIKEN-TRI Collaboration Center for Human-Interactive Robot Research decided to develop a robotic nurse called Actroid F. It is so human-like that some patients may not know the difference. This conversational robot companion has cameras in its eyes, which allow it to track patients and use appropriate facial expressions and body language in its interactions. During a month-long hospital trial, researchers asked 70 patients how they felt being around the robot and "only three or four said they didn't like having it around."

It's important to note that robotic nurses don't decide courses of treatment or make diagnoses, though robot doctors and surgeons may not be far off. Instead, they perform routine and laborious tasks, freeing nurses up to attend to patients with immediate needs. This is one industry where it seems the interaction of robots will lead to collaboration, not replacement.

1. What does the author say about Japan?

A．It ranks top in future robotics technology.

B．It takes the lead in offering robotic nursing.

C．It is in desperate need of registered nurses.

D．It provides the best medication for the elderly.

2. Which of the following best explains “implemented'' underlined in Paragraph 3?

A．Cancelled.

B．Constructed.

C．Improved.

D．Applied.

3. What do we know about the robot Actroid F?

A．It has no difference from a human nurse.

B．It gets favorable remarks from all the patients.

C．It interacts with patients like a human companion.

D．It uses body language even more effectively than words.

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Cooperation will not be replaced.

B．Nurses will still play their roles.

C．The robotics industry will be promising.

D．Robots can meet patients' immediate needs.

6 . How does an ecosystem (生态系统) work? What makes the populations of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.

With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator (掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey (猎物) , the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction (灭绝) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.

Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.

And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.

Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point (临界点) , it is remarkably difficult for them to return.

1. A strong link is found between two species when a predator ______.

A．has a wide food choice	B．can easily find new prey
C．sticks to one prey species	D．can quickly move to another place

2. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline?

A．The prey species they directly attack will die out.

B．The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.

C．The living environment of other species will remain unchanged.

D．The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes.

3. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4?

A．Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems.

B．Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats.

C．Species of commercial value dominate other species.

D．Industrial activities help keep food webs stable.

4. How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance?

A．By getting illegal practices under control.

B．By stopping us from killing large predators.

C．By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal.

D．By signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action.

7 . 语法填空

Compared with the people in many other countries, the Australians seem to know more about how to enjoy their lives. In Australia, different people have different ways of enjoying     1    (they). They also have their own ideas about how to kill time (消磨时间).

Most    2    (child), about 80%, work hard in school because they have to take lots of exams. After school they don’t want to stay at home reading books any longer.     3    , they go out to play. In this way, they feel    4    (relax) and have fun.

Some old people get up early in the morning. Then they go to the park to read newspapers, which can help them know what    5    (happen) in the world recently. In the evening, they prefer    6    (stay) at home watching TV rather than do anything else.

Young people enjoy    7    (have) pleasure trips on weekends. They go to mountains for a picnic or go to the forest to camp. They usually start on Friday and spend one    8    two days outside. Then    9    Sunday evening, they start their return trip, nobody    10    (seem) to be in a hurry, although a busy week is waiting for them again.

8 . I fell in love with reading when I was a child. Through reading, I developed a good ____ with my parents.

___ as a second-generation South Korean in America, I was raised in an environment in which my parents ____ to settle in American culture. My parents were awkward, strange and different. Their limitations as immigrants(移民) ____ me; as a child, I was alone and quiet. I grew up in a family where I     was ____ to speak English. I wanted to ____ the depth of the books I read but the words ____ me, like my parents. I wasn't able to change the situation ____ I was placed in, but I worked very hard. Every ____, I went to the library to check out new books. I would have ____ reading all the books by Friday afternoons. I became a better ____. Pretty soon, I was the ____ reader in the class. People would look at me in ____ as they saw me read 500-page books in only a few days. But I believe the greatest ____ was reading every night to my parents. Every evening, we ____ together in our living room, and I read to them. Slowly but surely, our ____ grew. My parents can communicate with others ____; for me, grammar quizzes became a piece of cake.

Today I'm ____ to have Asian-American parents who were ____ enough to learn English from a young boy and wise enough to ____ their son to read at a young age.

1.

A．relationship

B．career

C．agreement

D．attitude

2.

A．Considered

B．Born

C．Known

D．Described

3.

A．helped

B．waited

C．struggled

D．hesitated

4.

A．inspired

B．influenced

C．annoyed

D．hurt

5.

A．forbidden

B．forced

C．expected

D．allowed

6.

A．show

B．measure

C．guess

D．understand

7.

A．excited

B．frightened

C．challenged

D．shocked

8.

A．which

B．where

C．what

D．whom

9.

A．day

B．decade

C．week

D．season

10.

A．considered

B．kept

C．finished

D．admitted

11.

A．listener

B．reader

C．viewer

D．child

12.

A．strangest

B．busiest

C．luckiest

D．fastest

13.

A．amazement

B．satisfaction

C．panic

D．relief

14.

A．enthusiasm

B．chance

C．achievement

D．power

15.

A．calmed down

B．queued up

C．stayed up

D．sat down

16.

A．interests

B．vocabulary

C．needs

D．popularity

17.

A．easily

B．anxiously

C．privately

D．legally

18.

A．nervous

B．eager

C．proud

D．committed

19.

A．superb

B．free

C．strict

D．patient

20.

A．encourage

B．convince

C．expect

D．beg

9 . The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment. These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.

David Tillman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized (工业化), population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.

The Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter and sicker. David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk of noninfectious(不传染的) diseases like diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease.

Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these health problems, especially in developing countries in Asia. China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20­year period. And that is happening all across the world, in Mexico, in Nigeria and so on.

And, a diet bad for human beings is also bad for the environment. As the world's population grows, more forests and tropical areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle. We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.

Mr. Tillman calls the link among the diet, the environment and human health “a trilemma” — a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.

1. According to the passage, more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from ______.

A．transportation	B．developing countries
C．agriculture	D．developed countries

2. David Tillman believes that ______.

A．the diet, the environment and human health are closely connected

B．the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes

C．people in tropical areas are more likely to have diabetes

D．traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet

3. The main purpose of the passage is to ______.

A．call on us to protect the environment

B．warn us of the risk of the Western diet

C．remind us of the importance of health

D．advise us to have a balanced diet

10 . 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wood-block printing first appeared in the early Tang period. During the Song dynasty the technique of block printing was very advanced. Books were    1    (beautiful) printed. Even today   the books    2    (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors.

However block printing    3     (be) not very convenient. Every two pages of a book had to be carved on a wood block and a big book would require many blocks. Besides there had to be large places for storing the books.     4    (overcome) these shortcomings ，Bi Sheng invented the movable type during the years between 1041 and 1048. One word was carved on one piece of clay     5    was hardened with fire. Then clay characters were set on    6    iron plate according to the text of a book.

Then ink was applied to them and     7     (sheet) of paper spread over them and the printing was done. Bi Sheng’s invention made printing faster and easier    8    before. Later movable type of metal and wood was made and widely used.

The technique of printing was gradually known to other Asian countries and Europe. The great influence printing had    9    the advance of civilization is too clear to need any    10     (explain).