1 . In which city did the woman and John stay the longest?

A．Paris.

B．Rome.

C．Vienna.

2 . I’ve never had a great sense of direction. And I often wander into shops and, upon coming back out, can’t remember which way I’ve come from — left or right? Many people are like me, and why do some constantly have no idea where they are?

The hippocampus (海马体) is a region of the brain associated with memory and involved in sense of direction. And a nearby region has also been associated with sense of direction. There are four known types of navigation-related neurons (神经元), found in these regions place cells, grid cells, border cells and head direction cells.

In short, you can think of place cells as an internal cognitive (认知的) map; they identify where you are. Grid cells are like a GPS system in our brain; they tell us about the relationship of this place to other places we’ve been to. Border cells respond to the presence of environmental boundaries at a specific direction and distance from us. Lastly, head direction cells are activated when our head faces a specific direction. These cells will fire electrical impulses when we enter familiar locations, with each group of cells relating to a specific place.

Our reliance on GPS and smartphones may have decreased the ability to use our internal maps. Older adults who regularly used GPS had less activity in their hippocampus, compared with those who did not use GPS. They also performed slightly worse in a cognition test. In contrast, a study involving London taxi drivers found they significantly larger hippocampus than ordinary people.

You can improve your way-finding ability specifically by practicing the skill, according to Aziz, PhD of neurology at Temple University School of Medicine. “The more you get out and go to places, the better,” he says. Physical exercise improves the blood flow to the brain, while mental exercise, such as doing puzzles or learning a new language, stimulates the development of new nerve cells and connections in your brain.

1. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?

A．By raising a question.

B．By making a comparison.

C．By stating personal opinions.

D．By referring to scientific research.

2. What can we learn about the four types of navigation-related neurons?

A．They depend closely on each other.

B．They are responsible for different jobs.

C．They will decrease in numbers as one ages.

D．They will fail to function in unfamiliar situations.

3. What will happen it we rely too much on GPS?

A．We will easily be misled.

B．Our hippocampus will get enlarged.

C．Our cognitive ability will be affected.

D．We will have our hippocampus relaxed.

4. What are we advised to do according to the last paragraph?

A．Build up our body.	B．Take training courses.
C．Try different brain exercises.	D．Get out to connect with people.

3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What does the man think of visiting art galleries?

A．Costly.

B．Worthwhile.

C．Disappointing.

2. Where did the woman go recently?

A．To Washington.

B．To Seoul.

C．To Paris.

3. How old is the woman now?

A．22 years old.

B．26 years old.

C．28 years old.

4. What art gallery does the man want to visit again?

A．Musée d’Orsay.

B．Centre Pompidou.

C．The National Gallery of Art.

5 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is Perelman?

A．A researcher.

B．A doctor.

C．A reporter.

2. With whom do babies feel the most comfortable?

A．Strange adults.

B．Babysitters.

C．Other babies.

3. How may babies react to unfamiliar babies?

A．They may start to cry.

B．They may touch each other.

C．They may show much fear.

4. What may the study lead to?

A．Much more parenting time with babies.

B．A greater demand for experienced babysitters.

C．An increase in family-based day care centers.

7 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

An old and fragile woman approached a very busy road intersection. She stepped slowly forwards. She paused at the sidewalk’s edge, grasping a heavy bucket filled with fresh red apples. She aimed to cross the street.

The way to the intersection before her seemed like a tough journey. The traffic lights changed regularly, and the flow of cars seemed to be non-stop for the old woman. She knew she had to cross the street to reach her destination, a small grocery store on the other side, where she sold her apples to make ends meet.

As she slowly made her way to the crosswalk, she held the handle of the bucket. A kind-hearted driver in the first car, recognizing her struggle, stopped well before the sidewalk, allowing her to cross safely. Grateful for this act of kindness, the old woman nodded and offered the driver a slight smile as she inched forward.

A second car, in the next road, also came to a stop. Its driver also witnessed the old woman’s slow progress. The kindness of strangers warmed her heart, and with their help, she moved another step closer to her destination.

However, the third road was a different story. As the old woman moved carefully further into the road, a speeding car approached, its engine making loud sound like a beast. Panic flowed through the old lady as she realized the approaching danger. The driver of the third car had not noticed her until the very last moment.

With a jolt (颠簸) of terror, the old woman’s holding on the bucket weakened, and the bucket slipped from her weak grasp. The bucket fell to the ground, releasing its goods of apples, which scattered (散开) in all directions. The sound of the crashing bucket and rolling apples echoed through the busy city traffic.

In the emergent time, the driver of the speeding car stepped on the brake to a stop just inches from the old woman. The drivers’ heart pounded in their chest as they realized how close it had come to a tragedy.

注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Shaken but unharmed, the old woman stood frozen, her eyes wide open with fear.

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Eventually, with all the apples collected, the three drivers helped the old lady cross the road.

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8 . In your circle of friends, do you know someone who does not bother to sugarcoat (粉饰) the bitter truth? Someone who is brave enough to share her opinions and insights, even if his idea contradicts with others?     1    . Professionals who are experts in the field of psychology believe that the best kind of people to be friends with are those who are blunt (直言的)! Here are the reasons why.

    2    . Blunt people will never speak to content your feelings. If you ask for their opinion, you will get their honest opinion. Whether it is about choosing a dress for your first interview, or about their first impression of your partner, a blunt friend will tell you the truth as it is.     3    . However, keep in mind that no true friend would like their loved ones to be made fun of by others.

They are fearless.     4    . In a place where most people would choose to be quiet, instead of standing for what is right, blunt people would not quietly sit still. Blunt people are the kind of people you would like to keep company, Perhaps, in the long run, you might learn to be as fearless and courageous as they are!

They know how to respect your views. They are not afraid to speak their mind out but it does not mean that they won’t respect yours.     5    . They simply want to give you a piece of their mind as a sort of advice before you make your final decision. They know that at the end of the day, your decision is still yours to make.

A．They tell you the honest truth

B．They will not keep you guessing

C．If yes, then hang on to your friendship

D．A blunt person only shares his thoughts and stops with that

E．However, in reality, not all people can be honest with you all the time

F．You might think that they are doing this because they are not one of your supporters

G．Experts in the field of psychology think that blunt people are the ones of the bravest people

9 . Have you ever dreamed of having your own custom deck (木制平台)? Decks make a beautiful addition to any home and they are great places to sit and relax. Here, we discuss several benefits of installing a custom deck on your property.

● Great meeting places. Does your family love to have a barbecue? A custom deck will give you plenty of space to host a barbecue, family picnics, and neighborhood parties. A deck can make a great meeting place for just about any open-air event.

● Room to grow. Decks are great places to grow your own food. A container garden can grow many of the fruits and vegetables you love to eat without the hassle of a traditional garden. So if you have green fingers (good at making plants grow), you should really think about adding a deck to your property soon.

● Quick installation. Most decks can be built in just a few days to weeks. While they are highly durable and permanent structures, they can be installed fast. This means that you will be able to enjoy your investment right away without the need to wait.

If you want to take advantage of these benefits, contact the decking professionals at https://newdaydevelopment.com/ to help you design and build the perfect deck for your needs. With our help, you can create a beautiful place to relax outside and enjoy special memories together. We’d be happy to discuss your questions or concerns.

1. What makes a deck a great meeting place possible?

A．Plenty of time to host family picnics.	B．Plenty of space to have outdoor activities.
C．A secret place to keep your personal room.	D．Nice atmosphere to host neighborhood parties.

2. What can we know about the custom deck from the text?

A．Its price.

B．Its market prospect.

C．Its drawbacks.

D．Its function.

3. From which is the text probably taken?

A．A news report.

B．A science magazine.

C．A product advertisement.

D．A culture report.

10 . Kaibab National Forest

The vast majority of areas and activities in the Kaibab National Forest are free to enjoy by the public. However, there are some fees for recreational (娱乐的) sites and activities such as campgrounds, cabin rentals and recreational vehicle facilities.

Annual Pass

It covers the pass owner and three accompanying adults at sites where per person entrance fees are charged. Good for one year from the month of purchase. $80 for one year.

Senior Pass

You must be 62 years of age or older to purchase. Passes are $20 for one year or $80 for a lifetime. An Interagency (跨部门的) Annual Pass can be used on many different federal lands across the nation.

Volunteer Pass

It is awarded to those individuals who volunteer 250 hours at one or more recreational sites managed by 5 federal agencies as a way to say “thank you”! The Volunteer Pass is valid (有效的) for 12 months from the month of issuance.

4th Graders

This free pass is available to 4th Graders, 4th Grade Teachers, home school and free-choice learners 10 years of age. Good from Sept. to Aug. of your 4th Grade school year.

Access Pass

People who are living with disabilities can request this $10 lifetime pass. It can be used at many different federal lands across the nation.

For detailed information on fees associated with any Kaibab National Forest recreational site or activity, please visit its website and locate the specific site or activity of interest.

1. How many people does an Annual Pass admit into Kaibab National Forest at most?

A．1.

B．2.

C．3.

D．4.

2. What can we know about the Volunteer Pass?

A．It’s free for old people.	B．It shows respect for labor.
C．It can be used for a lifetime.	D．It’s given as a reward to 4th Graders.

3. Which pass favors the disabled?

A．Annual Pass.

B．Senior Pass.

C．Access Pass.

D．4th Graders.