1 . Famous People Who Begin With Difficulties
Oprah Winfrey
Probably having one of the most famous success stories, Oprah was born into a poor family in Mississippi, raised by a single mother living on welfare. She was physically, and mentally abused during her childhood. Despite her initial struggles as a young girl, she turned herself into one of the most successful talk show hosts of our time.
Jim Carrey
Jim Carrey has been the star of some of the most successful movies of all time. But Carrey grew up extremely poor in Canada. When he was a teenager, his family took security jobs in a factory to help pay the bills. And during his first stand-up comedy performance, he was booed off （喝倒彩） the stage. Not shortly after, he made it big on In Living Color and then went on to star in Dumb & Dumber, The Mask, and Ace Ventura in the same year!
James Dyson
If you thought Thomas Edison’s failures were bad, let me introduce you to James Dyson, the famous inventor of the Dyson vacuums （真空吸尘器） you see all over the television. Dyson developed over 5,000 failed prototypes （原型） before finding the bagless vacuum brand. Not only that, he put his entire savings account into his prototypes over fifteen years! Luckily, the bagless vacuum worked.
Stephen King
Before Stephen King became known as a great living writer—having written over 60 novels, many of which have been adapted for film and television—King was rejected over and over again. In his memoir, On Writing, King describes how he used to post his rejection letters on the wall for inspiration. His first novel, Carrie, was rejected 30 times.
1. What do Oprah and Jim have in common?| A．They were abused by parents. | B．They grew up in poor families. |
| C．They were hired as comedians. | D．They found jobs in a factory. |
| A．He repaired the failed prototypes. | B．He developed over 5,000 brands. |
| C．He put all efforts into marketing. | D．He invented the bagless vacuum. |
| A．Oprah Winfrey. | B．Stephen King. | C．James Dyson. | D．Jim Carrey. |
2 . Claude Monet, a French painter who was the leader and advocate of the Impressionist style. When Claude, the eldest son of a grocer, was five years old, the family moved to the Normandy coast, where his father took over the management of his family’s grocery business. This event has more than biographical significance. It was Monet’s childhood, spent along the beaches and the knowledge he gained of the sea and the rapidly shifting Norman weather that would one day give rise to his fresh vision of nature. In these early years he also finished pencil sketches of sailing ships, which were almost technical in their clear descriptiveness. His aunt, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre, was an amateur painter, and, perhaps at her suggestion, Claude went to study drawing with a local artist. But his life as a painter did not begin until he was befriended by Eugène Boudin, who introduced Monet to the practice of painting in the open air. The experience set the direction for Monet, who for more than 60 years would concentrate on visible phenomena.
As the 1870s began, Monet continued his pursuit of natural phenomena. In order to avoid the Franco-German War, he left his family and traveled to London. There, he was introduced to Paul Durand-Ruel, who was to become his dealer. The years he lived there marked the height of the Impressionist movement. He helped organize an independent exhibition of the Impressionists ‘work in 1874.lmpression: Sunrise (1872), one of Monet’s works at the exhibition, inspired the journalist Louis Leroy to give the group their name.
Monet attracted the dedicated support of collectors throughout his career, most notably from Americans. His influence on other artists was wide-ranging. During the years 1886 to 1914, a colony(群体) of mainly American artists gathered around him and regarded him as the best example of modern French painting. They adopted his fresh palette(调色板), subject matter, and natural style and eventually introduced these elements to American art.
1. Which influenced Monet’s new vision of nature?| A．His love for the sea and beaches. |
| B．His childhood experiences in Norman. |
| C．His early life spent with Eugene Boudin. |
| D．His early years of pencil sketches practice. |
| A．In a formal artistic school. | B．From his aunt. |
| C．At home by self-teaching. | D．From other artists. |
| A．To meet his dealer. |
| B．To paint more in the open air. |
| C．To keep away from the war. |
| D．To launch the art movement. |
| A．The criticism to Monet. |
| B．Monet’s influence on other artists. |
| C．The popularity of Monet in America. |
| D．Monet’s art achievements. |
3 . Cimabue, the greatest painter of a Middle Ages in Italy, was surprised one day after his lunch break to discover that a fly had seated itself under the nose of a character that he had been working on. He swatted (重拍) at the fly, but it did not move. He reached out to touch the insect, only to find it was only wet paint. Turning around, he saw that his apprentice (学徒), Giotto, was laughing. Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.
Giotto di Bondone was born into a poor family in a village. Legend has it that one day, when Cimabue was wandering around the countryside, he spotted a young shepherd boy drawing pictures of his sheep, which were so vivid that Cimabue immediately asked him to come to Florence and learn how to paint. That was how Giotto’s story began in Florence, where the young student flourished under Cimabue’s instruction and soon surpassed his master in skill.
At that time, people in paintings didn’t look real, and the symbolism of art was difficult for viewers to connect with it. Innovation (创新) was not stressed, so art had remained the same for hundreds of years.
However, Giotto thought art should be something more connected with people in a more realistic way. His masterpieces included the forty major frescoes (壁画) for the Arena Chapel. Adopting many techniques that were uncommon then, he painted people the way he saw them, instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted. He created three-dimensional space by using perspective, something that had not been done since Roman times.
In addition to painting, Giotto wrote poetry and drew architectural plans. When Giotto was in his sixties, he painted the Ognissanti Madonna, another famous work of art. He continued working until the age of seventy. The ideas Giotto brought to painting throughout his life revolutionized the art world and made him one of the greatest painters ever.
1. What does the anecdote in paragraph 1 tell us about Giotto?| A．His humor. | B．His talent. | C．His courage. | D．His determination. |
| A．Impressed. | B．Hesitant. | C．Doubtful. | D．Amused. |
| A．Vivid colors. | B．Classic skills. |
| C．Original composition. | D．Lifelike quality. |
| A．Great minds think alike. |
| B．Innovation is the vitality of art. |
| C．Constant dripping wears away a stone. |
| D．A slow sparrow should make an early start. |
4 . There is more to Vincent Van Gogh’s body of works than sunflowers. His complete painting life as an artist, short as it was, can be seen on June 27 during an exhibit at the Museum of Fine Arts(MFA) Texas.
This exhibit leans heavily on the Kröller- Müller Museum’s lending Van Gogh’s works. The Kröller- Müller Museum, which is in Otterlo, Netherlands, is well-known for its works by Van Gogh in the world. The MFA, Texas serves as the only site for the exhibit presenting more than 50 works from Van Gogh’s early sketches(素描) to late oil paintings.
“There has been no major Van Gogh exhibition in Texas for decades, and few of this degree and ambition anywhere in the country. ” David Bomford said. “The upcoming exhibition covers the whole of Van Gogh’s all-too-brief ten-year career. It offers people in Texas and even people all over the country a chance to step into the world of Van Gogh. The works selected for exhibit shows Van Gogh’s career which began in dark, realistic style reflecting mid-19th century France and concluded in the wild, psychological paintings of his final years. ”
Van Gogh successfully experimented with artistic techniques from the Barbizon-school’s (巴比松画派的) representative, Millet, whose works he liked above all others, to Cezanne. Van Gogh didn’t care for Cezanne before landing on Cezanne’s unique style which continued amazing audiences for more than 125 years after his death. Cezanne’s style is hard to ignore in many of Van Gogh’s works.
Van Gogh wasn’t a lone talent working in isolation(隔离). He was influenced. He was a great student of art. In order to enable visitors to have a good knowledge of his private thoughts about the works he created, the exhibit will present the extraordinarily rich letters which existed between him and his brother Theo. “In some 820 letters, Van Gogh described his projects and his whole attention. All letters were dotted with sketches of his paintings, ” a worker said. “The MFA uniquely admits us to the workings of his mind and his motivations. And this has inviting appeal to us today. ”
So, take the chance and go to buy a ticket for the upcoming exhibition.
1. What can learn about the MFA’s exhibition on June 27?| A．It is specially held to show many great painters’ works. |
| B．It will present all the works of Van Gogh. |
| C．It will soon be held in Otterlo, Netherlands. |
| D．It gets big support from the Kröller- Müller Museum. |
| A．Favorable. | B．Critical. | C．Neutral. | D．Indifferent. |
| A．they created a painting style with Van Gogh |
| B．they played a big role in Van Gogh’s paintings |
| C．they admired Van Gogh’s paintings |
| D．they learnt painting techniques from Van Gogh |
| A．To express the public’s admiration for Van Gogh’s talents. |
| B．To show Van Gogh’s good relationship with his brother. |
| C．To help the public better understand Van Gogh’s paintings. |
| D．To search for the cause of Van Gogh’s short painting career. |
