1 . 阅读下面短文，在空处填入1个适的单或插号内单词的正确形式。

Located in Guanghan city of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province and covering an area of 12 square kilometers. Sanxingdui Site is the remains of the ancient Shu culture, which dates back     1     4,800-2,600 years ago, and is considered to be one of the     2     (great) archaeological (考古的) discoveries in the 20th century. This particular discovery is a strong proof of the     3     (exist) of the ancient Shu State and the integrative pattern of the multi-cultures of the Chinese nation.

In fact, as a cultural site,, Sanxingdui had come into the notice of archaeologists in as early as the 1930s, and     4     (exploration) were made soon. It all began     5     a farmer called Yan Daocheng dug out a number of treasures     6     (accidental) in the spring of 1929. In the summer of 1986, thousands of rare treasures were unearthed from two large newly-discovered sacrificial pits (祭祀坑). The unearthed objects are unique in shape and superior in techniques,     7     (confirm) the extraordinary creativity of the ancient Shu people and their desires     8     (connect) with and understand the universe.

After sleeping for 3,000 years, their awakening has shocked the world. When our eyes     9     (caught) by the creations of the ancient Shu ancestors, it is     10     encounter with a civilization lost for 3,000 years.

2 . While most people don’t think much about garbage, trash (垃圾) is beloved by archaeologist (考古学家). A favorite site for study is a midden (贝丘), an old trash or garbage heap (堆). A midden might contain damaged stone or metal items, which tell us about the weapons and tools people used. Softer materials such as wood, cloth, leather, and baskets are sometimes preserved. They may tell us what people wore, how they carried things, or the kind of toys used by children. Historic household trash heaps often contain broken pottery pieces and even traces of the food they once held.

Most people no longer keep a trash heap by the kitchen door. Instead, garbage is hauled off to landfills (垃圾填埋池). These landfills can still attract archaeologists. The Garbage Project collected information from landfills from 1987 to 1995. Student archaeologists measured tons of garbage from 15 landfills across the United States and Canada. This garbology, the study of garbage, research led to a better understanding of how people have changed what they consume during this period of time. The findings also led to a better awareness of how quickly various items rot. This helped with city planning for garbage disposal and recycling efforts.

Some found objects that may clearly be of archaeological interest, such as arrowheads and spear points. It is typically against the law to collect these on public lands, so they should be left in place. If you take a photo and note the location, you can notify the state archaeologist or the government branch that is in charge of the land, such as the National Park Service or the Bureau of Land Management.

Everyone is responsible for protecting archaeological resources, which is a concept known as “archaeological stewardship.” Sometimes this even means protecting old garbage.

1. Why is old trash important according to archaeologists?

A．It can teach us about the past.

B．It might help us locate metal mines.

C．It can contribute to modern material industry.

D．It might encourage us to protect our environment.

2. What did the student archaeologists mentioned in Paragraph 2 do?

A．They conducted a study on modern trash.

B．They recycled waste from some landfills.

C．They offered some creative city planning ideas.

D．They compared ancient trash heaps with modern landfills.

3. What should you do if you find a potential historic item?

A．Donate it to public collections.

B．Take it to proper authorities.

C．Leave it in a safe place.

D．Mark the place of it.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Past or Future?	B．Trash or Treasure?
C．Protection of Damage?	D．Problem or Resource?

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Digging up the past

Pottery (陶器) is an ancient art. It     1     (use) for thousands of years all over the world. Old pottery is usually found in pieces     2     (call) “potsherds (陶瓷碎片)”. Sometimes potsherds found in the same place can be put back together to recreate the     3     (origin) pot. Even in pieces, old pottery can teach us about the past. Archaeologists (考古学家)     4     (examine) pottery consider not only its appearance but what it was made of and how it was made. With this knowledge, they can gain     5     (benefit )information about people's lives in times past.

Pottery is made by first adding water to a kind of soil called clay. When     6     (get) wet, clay can be made into shapes. It is then heated. This hardens the clay and enables it     7     (keep) its shape. To make clay easier to shape and heat, potters use something called “temper”.

A pot's shape and     8     (decorate) can provide clues about the past. Painted pictures might show events from daily life or from myths and legends. Archaeologists know certain shapes and styles     9     were common in different times and places.

Archaeologists are absorbed     10     studying the differences in types of pottery closely. Because of their work, these ordinary objects can reveal some of the mysteries of the past.