1 . On the night of 14th June 1904, New York’s Chinatown was in a deep gloom (低迷). For the past 20 years, the restaurants were filled with those crazy about a taste of real Chinese cooking “chop suey”. But suddenly, all that seemed at risk. A few days earlier, a chef named Lem Sen had arrived, saying he had invented it a decade before while working at a restaurant in San Francisco. His recipe had been stolen by an American diner to make money. Through his lawyer, he demanded restaurants pay him for using his recipe.
Chop suey was first mentioned by Chinese-American journalist Wang Chin Foo in a list of common dishes he thought most attractive to Western tastes. As he explained, “each Chinese cook has his own recipe. The main parts are pork, bacon, chicken, mushroom, bamboo shoots, onion, and pepper, while accidental ones are duck, beef, salted black beans etc. Yet it is often considered by Westerners that this is a ‘national dish of China’ more than any other dish they’ve known.”
Although a hyperbolic way to introduce this dish, it clearly showed that chop suey was indeed of Chinese origin. Where exactly its roots lay has been debated; but it was probably first cooked in Taishan, Guangdong, where most early immigrants to America had grown up. In 1866, the journalist Allan Forman noticed it as a delicious dish despite its “mysterious nature”, and nine years later, the first recipe appeared in magazines, with some un-Chinese ingredients thrown in.
It was not long before a myth making began. In 1896, Li Hongzhang visited New York, and newspapers mistakenly reported that while refusing Western dishes at a banquet (宴会), he had enthusiastically accepted a plate of chop suey. This caused a great hit, and many who never heard of it before simply assumed that it was introduced to the US by Li Hongzhang, which accidentally promoted the dish’s popularity.
1. What is the purpose of a chef’s story in paragraph 1?| A．To describe food history. | B．To bring out chop suey. |
| C．To show risky business world. | D．To introduce a law case. |
| A．Fixed ingredients. | B．Its popularity overseas. |
| C．Un-Chinese nature. | D．Mixed national identities. |
| A．remarked beyond reality | B．explained in greater details |
| C．praised in something common | D．commented based on the origin |
| A．Li Hongzhang promoted this dish. | B．Its popularity was based on facts. |
| C．Mass media belonged to the root cause. | D．Public opinions voiced acceptance. |
Remains of ancient civilizations are places
Even older than the Great Wall of China is the Great Pyramid of Giza. Over a 20-year period, thousands of
3 . An investigative study of Black Friday, led by West Chester University Professor Gina Castle Bell, observed themes of consumerism but also observed the themes of a happy holiday. The researchers found through Black Friday people celebrate, plan, bond, and build traditions together.
For me my Black Friday always begins and ends on a living room floor littered with newspaper ads. There, late on Thanksgiving night, my family collectively holds a strategy session. Later, we race to early bird specials, wait with strangers in lines sharing stories of past Black Fridays, take a long relaxing lunch full of family banter(戏谑), get Christmas decorations, stop into a Cheesecake Factory bar to see the dramatic end of a football game, get a caffeine-high from Starbucks Christmas drinks, and end the shopping at a torn apart Old Navy(美国服装品牌), digging to find late available basics like socks. Finally, exhausted but contented, we collapse back on that living room floor, still littered with ads, where we drink hot cocoa, watch a Christmas movie, and plan to hang the new decorations.
This is not to say that Black Friday is always lovely. Instead, it’s often miserable. But the misery is sort of what makes Black Friday such a great tradition. Many Black Friday shoppers know that the deals on Black Friday are not especially great and are available online. But they did not show up for the deals, they showed for the “misery”.
For them the crowds, the rush, and the difficulty all enhance(提升) Black Friday—similar to the way crowds enhance movie opening nights, the rush enhances music festivals, and difficulty enhances the experience of camping for other types of people. Those crazy elements transform the events into what consumer researchers call a “collectible experience”. Collectible experiences are not always pleasant but they are memorable and meaningful to those games for them.
There seems to be a mad rush in the media to analyze Black Friday. Yet, every analysis misses the point that Black Friday, which though on the surface seems like just evil consumerism, is actually, for some, quite a meaningful, ritualistic(例行的) experience.
Maybe this happy holiday is not for you. Maybe you think it is silly or even disgusting that Americans choose to bond through, over all other options, shopping. But what you cannot deny is that Black Friday has become something bigger than deals. It has become a part of a collective and personal culture, where many shoppers are not trying to avoid the trouble and craziness of the day; instead, they are trying to strategically and happily dive into it. And, right now, on living room floors all across America, families are planning how to get the most out of their yearly ritual.
1. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that .| A．many shops open ahead of schedule to compete with others for more customers |
| B．many shops offer free drinks to customers when they watch football games |
| C．the author purchases cheap socks and the room floor collapses under their weight |
| D．the author stops shopping at an old and shabby store late on Thanksgiving night |
| A．Waiting with strangers in lines. | B．Racing to early bird specials. |
| C．Digging to find commodities. | D．Transforming crazy elements. |
| A．would be enjoyed more if it was less commercial |
| B．is a great chance to feel comfortable and relaxed |
| C．is a miserable, meaningful and traditional experience |
| D．undergoes a comprehensive evaluation from the media |
| A．A Loving Defense of Black Friday |
| B．An Introduction to Black Friday |
| C．Widespread Criticism of Black Friday |
| D．Fantastic Experience of Black Friday |
4 . In the 1600’s when the Spanish moved into what later was to become the southwestern United States, they came across the ancestors of the modern-day Pueblo, Hopi, and Zuni peoples. These ancestors, known variously as the basket makers, the Ancient ones, had lived in the area for at least 2000 years. They were an advanced agricultura people who used irrigation to help grow their drops.
The Anasazi lived in houses constructed of earth and wood. Anasazi houses were originally built underground and were entered from the roof. But around the year 700 A. D., the Anasazi began to build their homes above ground and join them together into multistoried complexes, which the Spanish called villages. Separate underground rooms in these villages—known as kivas or holy places—were set aside for religious ceremonies. Each kiva had a fireplace and a hole that was believed to lead to the underworld. The largest villages had five stories and more than 800 rooms.
The Anasazi family was ruled by women. The sacred objects of the family were under the control of the oldest female, but the actual ceremonies were conducted by her brother or son. Women owned the rooms in the village and the crops, once they were harvested. While still growing, crops belonged to the men who, in contrast to most other Native American groups, planted them. The women made baskets and pottery; the men wove cloth and made jewelry.
Each village had two chiefs. The village chief dealt with land arguments and religious affairs. The war chief led the men in fighting during occasional conflicts that broke out with neithboring villages and directed the men in commnity building projects. The political and social organization of the Anasazi made it almost impossible for outer groups to conquer them.
1. The Anasazi people were considered agriculturally advanced because of the way they ______ .| A．stored their crops | B．harvested their crops |
| C．watered their crops | D．planted their fields |
| A．A 20- year – old man | B．A 20- year – old woman |
| C．A 50- year – old man | D．A 50- year – old woman |
| A．The presence of the Spanish destroyed Anasazi society. |
| B．The Anasazi benefited from trading relations with the Spanish. |
| C．Anasazi society exhibited a clear division of labor. |
| D．Conflicts between neighboring Anasazi villages were easily solved. |
注意：
1、对所给提示，不要简单翻译，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯
2、词数150左右，开头已给出,不计入总词数。
3、植入广告：product placement
The 2010 Spring Festival Gala has set records for TV commercial rates, which accordingly has caused heated discussions due to product placement in the programmes.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
