1 . Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.
Vietnam now has more than 40,000 historical relics. These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations.
However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human activities. Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board, Nguyen Doan Tuan, says rescue work must preserve the relics’ soul: “We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials. We must preserve its shape, size and style. We need to pay attention to every brick replaced so that it looks exactly like the original.”
Most relics have to rely on tourist fees for repair and rescue work. Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center, Dang Kim Ngoc, says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more income for repair and preservation: “We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics. At the same time, a natural surrounding of the relic has been ensured, including the grass field and garden to improve its scenic value.”
The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang QuocQuan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, “The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics. We have seen limitations in the preservation of relics, especially festival-related groups of buildings. This requires management and guidance by the government.”
Nguyen Thi Minh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics: “This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations. Creative restoration (修复) must be based on previous (先前的) values.”
Experts have called for a systematic (系统的) guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.
1. Which of the following is not the reasons for the damaged relics in Vietnam?| A．Human activities. | B．Poor building materials. |
| C．War influence. | D．The passing of time. |
| A．A government survey. | B．A research paper. |
| C．A newspaper report. | D．A travel guide. |
| A．turn to the UNESCO for financial help |
| B．improve the scenic value by raising tourist fees |
| C．encourage the community to join in the rescue work |
| D．make full use of the money raised by the local people |
| A．Guide the Community in Proper Behaviors |
| B．Replace the Ruined Construction with a New Style |
| C．Hundreds of Relics in Vietnam Are In Ruins |
| D．Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics |
2 . The protection of our cultural heritage is a necessary task.
Nowadays, Hollywood movies take up the market.
Thus school students should receive the education of culture. The government has named a day Chinese Cultural Heritage Day, for the purpose of spreading the local culture. When children grow up, they will fight for protecting the culture.
| A．What is cultural heritage exactly? |
| B．And our spirit will spread from person to person. |
| C．We can adopt the following methods of protection. |
| D．Anyhow, the cultural heritage protection is a meaningful thing. |
| E．Thus, it is necessary to build people's awareness of the local cultural heritage. |
| F．And some young people take those superhero characters as their idols. |
| G．The culture contains Chinese people's spirit, which has been tested by time. |
Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular folk arts. Archaeological (考古学上的) finds show that the tradition started in the 6th century, it is even supposed that the beginning of paper cutting is even a few centuries earlier.
Paper cuts have special importance at festivals and on holidays. To get rid of (摆脱) the old and bring good luck, people put up paper cuts on the windows on the Eve of the Spring Festival.
Paper cuts are not produced by machine, but by hand. They are done all over China, but are different in the method in different areas. There are two methods of making paper cuts—by using scissors (剪刀) or knives. As the name suggests, scissors cuttings are made with scissors. Several pieces of paper (up to eight pieces) are placed together. The patterns are then cut with pointed scissors. Knife cuttings are made by putting several pieces of paper on a table. Following a pattern, the artist cuts the patterns into the paper with a knife.
In the past, paper cuts were usually made only by women and girls. They used scissors and paper to cut all kinds of pictures such as apple tees, peach blossoms, mice, fighting roosters (公鸡) and rabbits eating carrots.
This used to be one of the skills that every girl was to master. Professional paper cutting artists are, on the other hand, almost always men who can make a living by working together in workshops.
1. How long has paper cutting lasted at least?| A．About 600 years. | B．About 1,500 years. |
| C．About 2,000 years. | D．About 2,700 years. |
| A．make them look more beautiful | B．show others their excellent skills |
| C．bring them good luck in the new year | D．sell them on the Eve of the Spring Festival |
| A．Two kinds of paper cuts. | B．Paper cuts are made by hand. |
| C．Paper cuts are made by machine. | D．The process of making paper cuts. |
4 . In America, each of the states likes to promote themselves with a slogan(口号). I currently live in Utah, where the slogan is “Life Elevated.” It’s a nod to outdoor entertainment in the high country, including the ski industry. I previously lived in Colorado, a land with red dirt, great mountains and golden plains. The slogan there is “Colorful Colorado.” Years ago I lived in the “Peach State” of Georgia, and I grew up in New Mexico as a little boy, whose slogan is “ Land of Enchantment(魔力).”
We never seemed to get away from dust in New Mexico, so I appreciate the story of a newcomer to the Land of Enchantment who learned about dusty breezes．She was visiting an antique shop and the owner wiped down every item before showing it．The newcomer said, “Everything gets dusty here pretty quickly, doesn’t it?”
“That’s not dust, honey,” the shop owner replied．“That’s ENCHANTMENT.”
Here was a person who took a negative and turned it into something humorous．That made the problem more acceptable, or at least live with．A Hong Kong shopping center manager was informed that an escalator(电动扶梯)broke．He posted a sign to warn customers．He chose not to use the traditional “Out of Order’’ or “Do Not Use” warnings．Instead, his sign read, “This Escalator Is Temporarily a Stairway.” He turned a minus into humor and made it a plus．
And in fact there are some things, like the weather, we can’t change. All we can change is our ways that we think and feel about them. I believe one of the best techniques to do this is to find some humor in the situation. Finding something amusing or enjoyable of a difficulty, an irritation or a troublesome problem can be one of the most creative and effective things we can do. Sometimes the only sense you can make of a situation is a sense of humor.
1. The first paragraph is severed as a(n)________．| A．predication | B．explanation |
| C．introduction | D．conclusion |
| A．Angry | B．Curious |
| C．Nervous | D．Relaxed |
| A．Accepting them bravely． |
| B．Holding positive attitude． |
| C．Ignoring them quickly． |
| D．Using great intelligence． |
| A．To encourage people to find the funny side in their daily life． |
| B．To show the effects of using slogans to raise the position． |
| C．To explain the skills of turning a disadvantage into humor． |
| D．To tell the strange experience of a bargain in an antique shop． |
| A．a sudden outburst of anger | B．something that is annoying |
| C．a feeling of slight pain or discomfort | D．something that is pleasant |
5 . Every life in Britain
The weather is the most common topic in Britain.
Men always shake hands when they meet.
British people are very superstitious(迷信). They believe in all sorts of signs they see. For them black cats are luck
| A．Shopping is another common topic in Britain |
| B．Another common thing in Britain is queue |
| C．Hundreds of years ago, soldiers began this custom. |
| D．In autumn if you catch falling leaves you are lucky |
| E．Why do the Britain talk about the weather so often |
| F．They also pay attention to tiny details like your birthday |
| G．Never walk under a ladder, and don't walk pass somebody on the stairs |
6 . The discovery of Liangzhu Culture
From December 1936 to March 1937, three archaeological diggings were carried out in the suburbs of Hangzhou,where loads of black ceramics and stoneware were brought to light.
Inspired by these relics, an archaeology lover named Shí Xingeng, who came from West Lake Museum in Hangzhou, wrote several detailed reports on the digging. However, he had to put his work aside when China started to fall into Japan's military aggression. Shi joined the resistance movement against Japanese invasion and died of disease in 1939. What passed away along with him during the war were many of Liangzhu's precious relics.
Fortunately, Shi's reports were finally published in Shanghai in 1938, which caught considerable attention of archaeological circles, In 1959,the name Liangzhu Culture was given to the independent regional culture by archaeologist Xia Nai. It represented an earlier civilization that had remained unknown to historians. The culture, as the radiocarbon dating applied to the relics proved, existed between 3,300 and 2,200 B.C.
It is commonly believed that the earliest known Chinese written language dates back to more than 3,000 year ago; when oracle bone script appeared in Shang Dynasty. But Liangzhu Culture might provide evidence of a written language that appeared in China at least 1,000 years ealiler.
In 2007, Liangzhu Ancient City was reported to be discovered in Hangzhou, where archaeological diggings revealed a large and early walled city in Chinese history. There were man-made hills and streams in the city area, which were very likely part of the early designed urban landscape. To protect the urban space which was formed by waterways and entrances both Inside and outside the city, a flood control system was connected to the river networks and 11 dams. In the fields outside the wall, archaeologists discovered rains of the residences, tombs, workshops, and docks with wooden boats.
1. What can we learn about Liangzhu Culture?| A．It was well preserved. | B．It was named by Shi Xingeng. |
| C．Many of its relics were lost during the war. | D．It was discovered In 1959. |
| A．It proved that Chins has a long history. |
| B．It unearthed a great number of relics. |
| C．It showed the professionalism of Chinese archaeology. |
| D．It might prove the existence of an earlier Chinese written language |
| A．It was e well-designed city. | B．It showed the rules left by flood. |
| C．There were no hills or streams in the city. | D．It was the largest city in Chinese history. |
| A．A travel brochure. | B．A history lecture. |
| C．A cultural website. | D．An archaeological report. |
Many high schools and colleges with a football team in the United States usually have a homecoming day. This can be the most important event of the year next to graduation. Students plan homecoming day for many weeks. When the day arrives, they begin before dawn to decorate the schools. There are signs to wish luck to the team and many other signs to welcome back the graduates from other years. Many people still come to homecoming clubs to build booths and sell lemonade，apples or sandwiches. Some clubs help to welcome visitors. During the day people like to look for teachers that they remember from long ago. Often they see old friends and they talk together about those happy years in school. Everyone soon comes to watch the football game. When the game is half over, the band comes onto the field and plays school songs. Another important moment is when the homecoming queen / king appears. All the students vote for another student who is popular. It is a great honor to become __________. Homecoming is a happy day. Even if the team loses, the students still enjoy homecoming. Some stay at the school to dance, and others go to a party. For everyone it is a day to remember for a long, long time.
1. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)2. Of all the events，what are the two things that all the students do on this day? (Please answer within 15words.)
3. Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)
4. Why do the students still enjoy homecoming even if the team loses? (Please answer within 15 words.)
5. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
8 . Fans, with different materials and shapes, are not only a means to cool down in the hot days but also a part of the culture for the Chinese. Here are some of the interesting cultural meanings for the fans in China.
Feather fans
It is the earliest form of fans. Its most famous user is Zhuge Liang of the Three Kingdoms period, who was the best adviser to a king. He always carried a white feather fan around. Since then the feather fans have become a symbol of wisdom in the Chinese classic literature, traditional paintings. They even appear in today's TV series and films now and then.
Round fans
If feather fans were loved mostly by men, round fans were Chinese women's best friends. The round fans, originated in the West Han Dynasty, were usually made of bamboo frames of round or oval shapes, and white fine silk. Therefore, they could only be afforded by wealthy families back in those days. In Chinese culture, the round fans are closely linked with elegance (优雅) and beauty of women, as well as their happiness and sorrow.
Folding(折叠) fans
The folding fans are quite familiar to us. In fact, the folding fans originated in Japan, and were introduced to China in the Northern Song Dynasty. The popularity of the folding fans owed greatly to the Chinese scholars(文人), who loved to paint and write on the folding fans and turned them into art pieces.
Big leaf fans
The big leaf fans are a link to the traditional lifestyle. Many elderly Chinese can still remember those summer days, when neighbors sat together, waving their big leaf fans, drinking tea while telling the stories of their daily lives.
1. What will feather fans usually remind the Chinese of?| A．TV series and films. | B．Men with wisdom. |
| C．Traditional lifestyles. | D．Artistic decorations. |
| A．Big leaf fans. | B．Folding fans. |
| C．Round fans. | D．Feather fans. |
| A．They had a foreign origin. | B．They were once very expensive. |
| C．They reflected an urban lifestyle. | D．They were used by ordinary people. |
9 . The Inuit (因纽特人) live in the far north of Alaska. It is a cold and snowy place. Yet people have survived there for thousands of years. The Inuit have many ancient cultural traditions. However, their way of life has changed. For example, people now have video games and televisions. Young people prefer these to their cultural traditions. Now, the customs and traditions of the Inuit are disappearing. But people are trying to find ways to continue indigenous (土著的) traditions in Alaska. One of these groups is the Cook Inlet Tribal Council.
The Cook Inlet Tribal Council wanted to teach young Inuit people about their traditional stories and cultural history. So they decided to make an educational video game. They began working with Sean Vesce of K-Line Media. He had created many successful video games. Vesce and the Cook Inlet Tribal Council created the world’s first indigenous video game. They called this game Never Alone. Vesce describes the game to the news organization NPR：
“The main story is based on a traditional story called Kunuuksaayuka. It is the story of a snow-storm that never ends. This blizzard is causing a family some problems. In the traditional tale, the son wants to find what is causing this unusual weather. The story goes that this boy goes out. After some time, he finds the cause of the blizzard. He finds a way to stop the blizzard by using his intelligence.”
Soon after the game came on the market, people could play Never Alone. It won many awards. And many gamers gave Never Alone good comments. They said it beautifully designed and interesting play. But the game is also reaching its goal of connecting people to traditional culture.
1. Never Alone was created to________.| A．please young Inuit people | B．retell a traditional Inuit story |
| C．keep indigenous tradition alive | D．show the changes of Inuit people |
| A．He was familiar with indigenous traditions. |
| B．He is experienced in creating games. |
| C．He was very good at playing video games. |
| D．He had created indigenous video games before. |
| A．rain | B．wind |
| C．snowstorm | D．story |
| A．Never Alone is on the market |
| B．Never Alone is quite successful |
| C．more comments are needled on Never Alone |
| D．people have just started to play Never Alone |
10 . In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you call him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he thinks it’s a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.
In social life, time plays a very important part. In the USA, guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten easily. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings appear between people from cultures that treat time differently. Being on time is highly thought of in American life. If people are not on time, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the USA, keeping business companies waiting for an hour is too impolite. A person is expected to say sorry when he is 5 minutes late. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.
1. The best title for this passage is_________.| A．the importance of time | B．the culture of time |
| C．the importance of an announcement | D．explanation of being late |
| A．shown | B．drawn | C．taken | D．given |
| A．the matter requires immediate attention | B．it is a matter of life and death |
| C．the matter is not so important | D．the matter is somewhat important |
| A．social life | B．private life | C．family life | D．school life |
| A．If one is less than 5 minutes late, he has to make a short apology. |
| B．It is better for one to make telephone calls at night because it costs much less. |
| C．It is appropriate to send your invitation cards three or four days before a dinner party date in U.S.A. |
| D．It may be proper to send your invitation to your guests three or four days before a dinner party date in some cultures. |
