1 . When travelling abroad, you have to spend some time thinking about gifts. What should you buy your family or your best friend? It could be a Yankees baseball cap if you Visit the U.S.A. In Vietnam, a straw hat called a non la is a popular tourist gift. If you ever visit Russia, you may want to think about buying a set of Russian dolls (玩具娃娃).They are like no other doll.

The proper name for a Russian doll is a Matryoshka doll. When you first see it, it looks like a single doll. Pick it up and twist(扭转)its top, you will find that it comes apart around the middle. Inside is a second doll, looking exactly the same as the first, but smaller. Twist the second doll, and the same thing happens. You keep twisting each doll until you end up with a very tiny doll. Usually, there can be up to 10 dolls making up a set.

Russian dolls were first made in 1890 and included eight dolls. These were all hand carved and painted. They were dressed in a traditional dress called a sarafan. The word “Matryoshka” means matron — an older married woman. The idea was that it meant a family with the mother being at its head. The dolls proved to be very popular and it was not long before every woodworker was making them.

The Russian doll appeared at the Paris World’s Fair in 1900. Everyone who saw them wanted one. Soon people visiting Russia also wanted to have one. Being quite small, they could fit into tourists’ luggage (行李) very easily — unlike a non la! The dolls were all hand carved and painted until about 1930, when factories began producing Russian dolls which are not expensive.

Walking around the tourist streets of Moscow, you will find many shops selling Russian dolls. The traditional Matryoshka dolls are still there, but today you can also find the images(形象)of all kinds of different people.

1. As a tourist gift, where does a non la most probably come from?

A．France.

B．Russia.

C．Vietnam.

D．America.

2. What can we learn about the early Matryoshka dolls?

A．They were named after an old woman.

B．They were images of a big family.

C．They were gifts for mothers.

D．They were made by hand.

3. What happened to the Russian doll at the Paris World’s Fair?

A．They were hugely popular.	B．They were produced in factories.
C．They were put into a small bag.	D．They were given to tourists as a gift.

4. What's the advantage of a Russian doll?

A．It is cheap.	B．It is useful.
C．It is easy to carry.	D．It is made to order.

2 . BURNING MAN   (BLACK ROCK DESERT, NEVADA)

Burning Man started in 1986, when Larry Harvey and Jerry James assembled(组装) a 8-foot tall wooden figure and pulled it to San Francisco’s Baker Beach. They lit it on fire, a curious crowd of around 20 people watched it burn, and thus one of the world’s wildest parties was born.

It takes place from the last Sunday in August to Labor Day(the first Monday of September). Once a gathering of friends and family, the festival is now a feast to the wonder of self-expression, attracting tourists from all around the world.

CARNIVAL   (RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL)

Arguably the biggest festival in the world, Brazil’s Carnival attracts nearly 5 million people each year, with a half-million or so being visitors.

Historically, Carnival is a religious celebration. The Brazil festival takes place in February or March. So picture 5 million people who’ve been baking in the heat for months, preparing to give up the things they love for 40 days, set loose in a city filled with lively music and various dancers.

LA TOMATINA   (VALENCIA, SPAIN)

Launched way back in 1945, La Tomatina is one of the oldest festivals on our list. It’s also easily the messiest, coming off like the world’s biggest food fight. If you go, please follow some simple rules: Don’t throw hard objects, squash(挤压) the tomato before throwing it, stay a safe distance away from tomato trucks, and stop when the fight has ended. In other words, have fun, but don’t hurt anybody.

1. When does Burning Man celebration usually start?

A．In 1986.

B．In 1945.

C．In August.

D．In September.

2. How many local people attend Carnival every year?

A．Nearly 0.5 million.	B．Nearly 2 million.
C．Nearly 4.5 million.	D．Nearly 5 million.

3. What can we infer about the food fight?

A．It’s held just for fun.

B．It’s held to honor a famous person.

C．It’s allowed to throw anything during the fight.

D．It’s allowed to throw the tomato directly whenever you like.

3 . A student's life is never easy.     1     A lot of preparations are needed so you can be sure to go back home with a diploma and a bright future waiting for you. The following are some basic things you need to do before even seizing that passport and boarding on the plane.

●Knowing the country.

You shouldn't bother researching the country's hottest tourist spots or historical places. You won't go there as a tourist, but as a student. It'll be helpful to read the most important points in their history and to read up on their culture.    2     You surely don't want to face legal problems, especially if you're away from home.

●Studying their language.

Don't expect that you can graduate abroad without knowing even the basics of the language. Before leaving your home country, take online lessons to at least master some of their words and sentences.    3       Doing this will also prepare you in communicating with those who can't speak English.

●     4    

Check the conversion（兑换）of your money to their local currency, set up your bank account so you can use it there, get an insurance, and find an apartment. The Internet or your intended school will be very helpful in finding an apartment and helping you understand local currency.

Remember, you're not only carrying your own reputation but your country's reputation as well. If you act foolishly, people there might think that all of your country men are foolish as well.    5    ．

A．Packing your clothes.

B．Preparing for other needs.

C．Most importantly, read about their laws.

D．This will be useful in living and studying there.

E．That would surely be a very bad start for your study abroad program.

F．Going with their trends will keep it from being too obvious that you're a foreigner.

G．And it is even more difficult if you will have to complete your study in a foreign land.

4 . The UK's music festivals are world famous but there are plenty more to celebrate in the country.

Burns Night, Scotland

On 25 January, Scots celebrate the life and works of Scotland's national poet Robert Burns by holding a special Burns Supper. This can be a chance for friends to get together with a huge formal dinner. Guests take it in turn to recite Burns' poems or sing one of his songs.

Hay Festival, Hay-on-Wye, Wales

For 10 days each May, the small town of Hay on-Wye on the edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales is filled with writers, filmmakers, musicians, and people who come to hear them talk and exchange ideas. The festival celebrates great writing of all genres (体裁) and it all takes place in a village in the town.

Camp Festival, Dorset

As a branch of a festival held in Dorset, it's one of the best family festivals in the UK Held every year in the grounds of the historic Lulworth Castle in Dorset, the festival includes top live music acts, but as the organizer say, “kids are king” at Camp Festival, with a wide variety of entertainment, workshops and fun for kids. The 2020 Camp Festival takes place from 25 to 28 July.

Guy Fawkes Day or “Bonfire Night”

All over the UK on 5 November, the British light bonfires and set off fireworks in their back gardens or, more commonly these days, at organized events in public parks. They celebrate the Catholic Guy Fawkes' failed attempt to blow up the Houses of Parliament (议会院) on 5 November, 1605.

1. Which festivals are related to literature (文学)?

A．Hay Festival and Camp Festival.	B．Bums Night and Hay Festival.
C．Burs Night and Guy Fawkes Day.	D．Camp Festival and Guy Fawkes Day.

2. When does the festival most attractive to children take place?

A．In July.

B．In May.

C．In January.

D．In November.

3. What does Guy Fawkes Day celebrate?

A．An impressive building.	B．A successful adventure.
C．An organized game.	D．A historical event.

5 . Mother’s Day is a time for children, young and old, to show how much they appreciate their mothers. Mother’s Day started in the US, where it’s celebrated on the second Sunday in May.     1    

It became an official US holiday in 1915. It was the result of the love of one girl, Anna Jarvis of West Virginia.    2     As a girl, Anna helped her mother take care of the garden and filled it with white carnations (康乃馨), her mother’s favorite flower.

When Mrs. Jarvis died on May 5, 1905, Anna was determined to honor her.     3     On the same Sunday in Philadelphia, a minister honored Mrs. Jarvis and all mothers with a special Mother’s Day service. Anna Jarvis began writing to the government, asking them to set aside a day to honor all mothers. In 1910, the governor of West Virginia made the second Sunday in May Mother’s Day.

    4       Other children give their mothers gifts that they’ve made themselves or bought from stores. Adults give their mothers red carnations, the official Mother’s Day flower. White carnations are placed on the graves of mothers who are no longer alive.

Mother’s Day is now celebrated in more than 40 countries, including Denmark, Finland, Italy, and Australia.     5     In France, Mother’s Day is the last Sunday in May. A cake in the shape of flowers is presented to mothers at a family dinner.

A．So why is it celebrated on different dates?

B．But do you know the origin of Mother’s Day?

C．Anna’s mother provided great support for the family.

D．But not all countries celebrate Mother’s Day at the same time.

E．The second Sunday in May was the Sunday closest to her mother’s death.

F．She asked the minister of her church to hold a special service in honor of her mother.

G．On the morning of Mother’s Day, some American children serve their mothers breakfast in bed.

6 . “The Mexican is familiar with death, jokes with it, sleeps with it and celebrates it,” wrote Mexican author Octavio Paz.

To celebrate death, people throughout Mexico celebrate the Day of the Dead on or around Nov. 1 each year. People wear makeup to celebrate the festival on that day.

Widely considered to be Mexico’s most important festival, the Day of the Dead is deeply rooted in the culture of the local Mexica.

The Mexica were the dominant local people in Mexico before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century.

The celebration is based on a Mexican legend ( 传 说 ) that says after death, souls can only communicate with their still-living families in the first days of November. One can see how these days would be quite important for the Mexican people.

Now the tradition has become a modern festival .

“It’s a celebration with many years of history, to which local people have incorporated(融合) new religious elements, such as the gathering of offerings,” said Octavio Murillo, director at the National Institute of Local People in Mexico.

On this special day, people around Mexico decorate their homes, streets and relatives’ graves with flowers, candles and colorful skulls. At the same time, they set up altars ( 祭坛) on which they place the personal belongings of the dead to welcome them home.

In recent years, this festival has become a global symbol of Mexican culture , especially after the movie Coco《寻梦环游记》 hit big screens in 2017.

“We are all afraid of death, and in Mexico, it is part of a celebration, a ritual of color. It’s amazing. ” said Alejandra Diaz, a 30-year-old traveller. She took a week-long trip from Colombia to Mexico City just to take part in the festivities.

1. What do we know about the Day of the Dead?

A．It dates back to the 15th century.

B．It is related to a Mexica legend.

C．It honors those who died for Mexico.

D．It is a traditional Christian festival in Mexico.

2. What is the main idea of Paragraphs 6 to 8?

A．The origins of the Day of the Dead.

B．Traditional ways of celebrating the Day of the Dead.

C．How the Day of the Dead is recently celebrated in Mexico.

D．Why the Day of the Dead is important for Mexican people.

3. Why is the movie Coco mentioned in the text?

A．To show that we should not be afraid of death.

B．To prove that the Day of the Dead has become a modern festival.

C．To present the influence of Mexican culture on modern movies.

D．To tell the readers that the festival stands for Mexican culture.

7 . The world is a colorful landscape of different languages, skin colors, and different cultures. It's important to have a good understanding of different cultures in order to become a well-rounded person    1    

One way is to read books written by authors from a particular culture. Reading works by authors who have a close relationship with a particular culture allows people to gain an authentic glimpse into the food, music, language, religion, and way of a life of a particular group of people.

    2    

Another way to learn about different cultures is to try to learn a foreign language.    3    A person can choose a language she has always wanted to learn and locate learning programs to help her master the language. Besides, one can enroll in a foreign language class in order to learn in a more formal setting. One can also try to visit areas of the city to establish social connection with native speakers of the language.

    4    Seek out restaurants that feature authentic food from a variety of countries. Food is an important part of different cultures and allows people to gain deep understanding into a particular cultural group's way of life.

Communicating with people from other countries through email or snail mail is another useful way to become familiar with different cultures.    5    Various websites offer pen pal services, offering to connect individuals with pen friends around the world.

A．Trying authentic food from a specific cultural group is also a great idea.

B．The Internet has made it possible to communicate with others from different countries.

C．Making contact with native speakers of the language allows one to gain firsthand knowledge.

D．There are several ways to become knowledgeable about different cultures.

E．Stories based on a local culture expose one to a different culture.

F．One way to develop this appreciation is to try to team about other cultures around the world.

G．A variety of language-learning books, software, and audio programs is available.

8 . If you land in India anytime in late February or March, it’s wise to check the dates of the annual Holi festival and bring a spare set of clothes. That’s because for a few days in spring, people crowd the streets and pelt (投掷) anyone walking by with brightly-colored powder to celebrate the arrival of spring and the end of evil. It’s hard to avoid the fun and the paint, unless you stay inside or look angry enough to discourage the custom.

“Watch out, madam!” said my taxi driver in Amritsar as we drove through a crowd of young people pelting each other with powder. “The colors never come out of your clothes,” he said. “And you might be having purple hair for many days.”

I did a quick check. I was wearing black, a color rarely seen in India. It is usually connected with the lowest social classes, and can be viewed as unlucky. I was happy for my clothes to be painted in colors.

“I have some powder I bought for my children. You can have some gladly, to join in our customs.” he encouraged. Holding what the driver handed me as my weapon of choice, I walked into the Holi smoke. At first people politely avoided foreigners. But then a girl in a sari(一种印度服饰) ran up smiling and put paint on my face. I returned the favor with a handful of pink.

With its brilliant clothes, exotic flowers, trucks covered with lights and brightly painted pictures of gods, India is truly one of the most colorful places on the planet!

1. Which of the following sentences about the Holi festival is correct?

A．It falls on the same day each year and is celebrated for a few days.

B．It is a playful cultural event to throw colors at friends or strangers.

C．It has many purposes, celebrating the end of spring in particular.

D．It is fun for local people but a little unacceptable for foreigners.

2. I was happy for my black clothes to be painted in colors because      .

A．the festival influenced my taste in fashion.

B．the taxi driver suggested wearing something colorful.

C．black was the color not liked by people in India.

D．a girl invited me to join in their customs.

3. We can learn from the passage that      .

A．the color black provides people with a sense of mystery and tradition.

B．foreigners can’t be too careful in the street in India during the Holi festival.

C．a sari, worn especially by Indian women, is a must for the Holi celebration.

D．anyone can be attacked during Holi festival.

9 . Culture shock refers to the anxiety and feelings (of surprise, uncertainty, confusion, etc.) people feel when they have to operate within a different and unknown cultural or social environment, such as a foreign country.

Generally speaking, we could say that there are four stages of culture shock. The first stage is called “the honeymoon”. In this stage, you are excited about living in a different place.    1    

The next stage is “the hostility(敌意)stage”. In this stage, you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was.     2    Moreover, people don’t treat you like a guest anymore.

Then you come to the third stage called “recovery”. In this stage, you start to feel more positive.     3    The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.

The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment”. In this stage, you have reached a point where you actually feel good.   You have learned enough to understand the new culture. The things that originally(起初) made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand.     4    

Not all individuals visiting another country will experience all these four stages.     5    It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place or from one setting to another (e.g., from high school to college).

A．You feel that friends should help each other to deal with culture shock.

B．And you come to understand everything you don’t understand.

C．In addition, culture shock is not limited to the overseas visitor.

D．You become tired of many things about the new culture.

E．Now you have adjusted to the new culture and you feel comfortable.

F．You begin to understand you need to travel a lot.

G．And everything seems to be wonderful and everybody seems to be so nice to you.

10 . Informal conversation is an important part of any business relationship. Before you start a discussion, however, make sure you understand which topics are suitable and which are considered taboos (禁忌) in a particular culture. Latin Americans enjoy sharing information about their local history, art and customs. They expect questions about their family and are sure to show pictures of their children. You may feel free to ask similar questions of your Latin American friends. The French think of conversation as an art form, and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements. For them, arguments can be interesting ---- and they can cover pretty much or any topic ---- as long as they occur in a respectful and intelligent manner.

In the United States, business people like to discuss a wide range of topics, including opinions about work, family, hobbies, and politics. In Japan, China, and Korea, however, people are much more private. They do not share much about their thoughts, feelings, or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away the harmonious (和谐的) business relationship they’re trying to build. Middle Easterners are also private about their personal lives and family matters. It is considered rude, for example, to ask a businessman from Saudi Arabia about his wife or children.

As a general rule, it’s best not to talk about politics or religion with your business friends. This can get you into trouble, even in the United States, where people hold different views. In addition, discussing one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable. Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world, although be careful not to criticize a national sport. Instead, be friendly and praise your host’s team.

1. The author considers politics and religion ________ with business friends.

A．sensitive topics	B．cheerful topics
C．rude topics	D．encouraging topics

2. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT that ________.

A．it is important to be aware of cultural customs during conversations

B．the French consider arguments to be interesting if conducted properly

C．Saudi Arabians would like to share the information about their family

D．sports is typically considered a friendly topic in most places in the world

3. Why are people from Asia more private in their conversation with others?

A．They don’t want to talk with others much.

B．They value their good relationship with others.

C．They are afraid to argue with their colleagues.

D．They want to keep their feelings to themselves.

4. Which of the following do you think is improper (不合适) according to the passage?

A．Asking Latin Americans about their family.

B．Discussing hobbies with American people.

C．Arguing with the French respectfully.

D．Criticizing your foreign friend’s national sports.